Aerodynamic force is the resultant force exerted on a body by the air (or some other gas) in which the body is immersed, and is due to the relative motion between the body and the fluid. An aerodynamic force arises from two causes: [1] [2] [3]
- the force due to the pressure on the surface of the body
- the force due to viscosity, also known as skin friction
When a body is exposed to the wind it experiences a force in the direction in which the wind is moving. Pressure (symbol 'p' is the force per unit Area applied to an object in a direction perpendicular to the surface Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a Fluid which is being deformed by either Shear stress or Extensional stress. Parasitic drag (also called parasite drag) is drag caused by moving a solid object through a fluid This is an aerodynamic force. When a body is moving in air or some other gas the aerodynamic force is usually called drag. In Fluid dynamics, drag (sometimes called fluid resistance) is the force that resists the movement of a Solid object through a Fluid (a
When an airfoil or a wing or a glider is moving relative to the air it generates an aerodynamic force that is partly parallel to the direction of relative motion, and partly perpendicular to the direction of relative motion. An airfoil (in American English) or aerofoil (in British English) is the shape of a Wing or blade (of a Propeller, rotor WING "ESPN 1410" is a commercial AM radio station in Dayton Ohio operating with 5000 watts at 1410 kHz with studios offices and transmitter located on David Terminology A "glider" is an unpowered Aircraft. The most common types of glider are today used for sporting purposes This aerodynamic force is commonly resolved into two components:[4][5]
- Drag is the component parallel to the direction of relative motion. In Fluid dynamics, drag (sometimes called fluid resistance) is the force that resists the movement of a Solid object through a Fluid (a
- Lift is the component perpendicular to the direction of relative motion. In the context of a Fluid flow relative to a body the lift force is the component of the Aerodynamic force that is Perpendicular to the flow
The force on a propeller or a jet engine is called thrust and it is also an aerodynamic force. A propeller is essentially a type of fan which transmits power by converting Rotational motion into Thrust for propulsion of a vehicle such as an specific --->A jet engine is a Reaction engine that discharges a fast moving jet of Fluid to Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton 's Second and Third Laws. The aerodynamic force on a powered airplane is commonly resolved into three components:[6][7]
thrust, lift and drag
The only other force acting on a glider or powered airplane is its weight. In the Physical sciences weight is a Measurement of the gravitational Force acting on an object Weight is not an aerodynamic force.
References
- Hurt, H. H. Jr. Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators. A National Flightshop Reprint, Clearwater, Florida (1979)
- Clancy, L. J. (1975). Aerodynamics. Pitman Publishing Limited, London. ISBN 0 273 01120 0
- Massey, B. S. Mechanics of Fluids, 2nd Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. , London (1970) Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 67-25005
Notes
- ^ Hurt, H. H. Jr. Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators. p. 29
- ^ Clancy, L. J. Aerodynamics. Section 4. 10
- ^ Massey, B. S. Mechanics of Fluids, section 10. 8. 2
- ^ Hurt, H. H. Jr. Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators. p. 14
- ^ Clancy, L. J. Aerodynamics. Section 5. 3
- ^ Hurt, H. H. Jr. Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators. Fig 2. 20
- ^ Clancy, L. J. Aerodynamics. Section 14. 2
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