| 'Herodian' (Aelius Herodianus) | |
| Born | ca. 180 Alexandria |
|---|---|
| Died | ca. Events By place Roman Empire The praetorian prefect Tarutenius Paternus achieved a decisive victory against the Quadi Alexandria ( Egyptian Arabic: اسكندريه Eskendereyya; Standard Arabic: ar الإسكندرية Al-Iskandariyya; Ἀλεξάνδρεια 250 |
| Occupation | grammarian |
Aelius Herodianus (Latin; Greek Αἴλιος Ἡρωδιανός) or Herodian, ca. Events By Place Roman Empire A group of Franks penetrate as far as Tarragona in Spain (approximate date 180-250, was one of the most celebrated grammarians of Greco-Roman antiquity. Events By place Roman Empire The praetorian prefect Tarutenius Paternus achieved a decisive victory against the Quadi Events By Place Roman Empire A group of Franks penetrate as far as Tarragona in Spain (approximate date He is usually known as Herodian except when there is a danger of confusion with the historian also named Herodian. For the grammarian see Aelius Herodianus. For the dynasty see Herodian Dynasty.
He was the son of Apollonius Dyscolus and was born in Alexandria. Alexandria ( Egyptian Arabic: اسكندريه Eskendereyya; Standard Arabic: ar الإسكندرية Al-Iskandariyya; Ἀλεξάνδρεια From there he seems to have moved to Rome, where he gained the favour of the emperor Marcus Aurelius, to whom he dedicated a work on prosody. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (often referred to as "the wise" ( April 26, 121 – March 17, 180) was Roman Emperor No further biographical particulars are known.
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Works
He was held in very high esteem by subsequent grammarians; Priscian describes him as maximus auctor artis grammaticae ("the greatest creator of grammatical art"). Priscianus Caesariensis ( fl 500 AD commonly known as Priscian, was a Latin grammarian. He wrote many works, but they are mostly fragmentary and it is very difficult to compile an accurate list of them. In numerous instances it is impossible to tell whether the titles given by writers who quote from his works are distinct treatises, or only portions of larger works. In addition, there are ongoing debates over which works were written by him and which were not. Some works by lesser-known figures are known to have been reattributed to Herodian, presumably in order to increase the prestige of the works.
In total some fifty titles are known in connection with Herodian's name. The main works attached to his name (both rightly and wrongly) are as follows (the most usual way of citing each title is highlighted in bold):
- On peculiar style (περὶ μονήρους λέξεως). Probably the only complete work of Herodian's to have survived.
- Categories (ἐπιμερισμοί, Partitiones). Devoted to explanations of difficult words found in Homer; many important quotations from the Partitiones are found in the scholia on Homer. Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the A scholium, plural scholia (σχόλιον "comment" "lecture" is a grammatical, critical or explanatory comment either original or extracted
- General prosody (ἡ καθ' ὅλου προσῳδία, or καθολικὴ προσῳδία, or μεγάλη προσῳδία; De prosodia catholica), in twenty books. Herodian dedicated this work to Marcus Aurelius. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (often referred to as "the wise" ( April 26, 121 – March 17, 180) was Roman Emperor It covered prosody and etymology. Etymology is the study of the History of Words &mdash when they entered a language from what source and how their form and meaning have changed over time An epitome and an index survive. An epitome ( Greek epitemnein —to cut short is a summary or miniature form also used as a Synonym for embodiment It is possible that several other titles known to us were in fact parts of the Prosody: namely the Homeric prosody (Ὁμηρικοὶ προσῳδία); Attic prosody (Ἀττικὴ προσῳδία); and Equal prosody (ἀνόμαλος προσῳδία). A work entitled On accents (περὶ τόνων), attributed to Arcadius but compiled by a later grammarian, Theodosius of Byzantium, seems to be an extract from Herodian's Prosody. Flavius Arcadius (377/378&ndash May 1, 408) was Byzantine Emperor in the Eastern half of the Roman Empire from 395 until his death
- On figures (περὶ σχημάτων, De figuris). This work is known to be spurious, i. e. it is transmitted under Herodian's name but was not written by him. The author is referred to as "pseudo-Herodian".
- Philetaerus (φιλέταιρος). This work is also known to be spurious; it has been suggested that it was in fact by Cornelianus. Sulpicius Cornelianus was a Roman Rhetorician. He lived in the reign of the Roman emperors Marcus Aurelius and Verus. [1]
See also
Editions
- General edition. Homeric scholarship is the study of Homeric epic, especially the two large surviving epics the Iliad and Odyssey. Venetus A is the more common name for the 10th century manuscript catalogued in the Biblioteca Marciana in Venice as Codex Marcianus Graecus August Lentz and Arthur Ludwich 1979 [1867-70], Herodiani Technici reliquiae, reprint (Hildesheim, orig. Lentz); cited by volume and page number.
- Scholia on the Iliad. Erbse, H. 1969-1988, Scholia Graeca in Homeri Iliadem, 7 vols. Hartmut Erbse ( 23 November 1915, Rudolstadt – 7 July 2004, Trossingen) was a German classical philologist (Berlin).
- De figuris (spurious). Kerstin Hajdú 1998, Ps. -Herodian, De figuris: Überlieferungsgeschichte und kritische Ausgabe (Berlin, New York). ISBN 3-11-014836-6
Earlier publications:
- Partitiones. Boissonade, J.F. 1963 [1819], Herodiani Partitiones, reprint (Amsterdam). Jean François Boissonade de Fontarabie (12 August 1774 - 8 September 1857 was a French classical scholar
- De prosodia catholica. August Lentz 1965 [1867], Grammatici Graeci vol. 3. 1, reprint (Hildesheim).
- Epitome of De pros. cath. Moritz Schmidt 1983 [1860], Epitome tes katholikes prosodias, reprint (Hildesheim).
- Works reconstructed from Iliad scholia. Lehrs, K. 1857 [1848], Herodiani scripta tria emendatiora, 2nd ed. Karl Ludwig Lehrs ( January 14, 1802 &ndash June 9, 1878) was a German classical scholar (Berlin).
- Philetaerus (spurious). Johann Pierson et al. 1969 [1830-31], Moeridis Atticistae Lexicon Atticum, reprint (Hildesheim); Philetaerus ed. Georg Aenotheus Koch.
- Other works. TLG Canon
References
- ^ S. Argyle 1989, "A new Greek grammarian", Classical Quarterly 39. 2: 524-35.
Sources
- This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology by William Smith (1870). The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1849 originally published 1844 under a slightly different title is an Encyclopedia / Biographical dictionary Sir William Smith (1813 &ndash 1893 English Lexicographer, was born at Enfield in 1813 of Nonconformist parents
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