USS Lake Champlain, a Ticonderoga-class Aegis guided missile cruiser, launched in 1987. Ship history Lake Champlain was laid down 3 March 1986 at Ingalls Shipbuilding, Pascagoula Mississippi, launched 3 April Vertical Launching System See also Vertical Launching System In addition to the added Radar capability the Ticonderoga class built after the Guided Missile is a London based Independent record label set up by Paul Kearney in 1994. This version is equipped with the MK 41 VLS system, whereas earlier version were equipped with the Mark-26 twin-arm missile launcher system.

The Aegis combat system is an integrated weapons system used by the United States Navy. It is both an integrated single ship system and a ship-to-ship network. The Aegis combat system is one of the most advanced and most capable defense systems currently in use. It is also used by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, Spanish Navy, Royal Norwegian Navy, and Republic of Korea Navy. The, or JMSDF, is the maritime branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, tasked with the naval defense of Japan. The Royal Norwegian Navy (often abbreviated as RNoN) is the branch of the Norwegian Defence Force responsible for naval operations The Republic of Korea Navy ( Hangul: 대한민국 해군 Hanja: 大韓民國 海軍 Revised Romanization: Dae-han-min-guk Hae-gun) or The Royal Australian Navy has selected the Aegis system for placement on their new destroyers. The Royal Australian Navy ( RAN) is the naval branch of the Australian Defence Force. A total of 108 Aegis-equipped ships have been deployed in five navies worldwide.

Aegis was initially developed by the Missile and Surface Radar Division of RCA, which was then acquired by General Electric. The division responsible for the Aegis systems became Government Electronic Systems. This, and other GE Aerospace businesses, were sold to Martin Marietta in 1992. Martin Marietta Corporation was founded in 1961 through the Merger of The Martin Company and American-Marietta Corporation. ^[1] This became part of Lockheed Martin in 1995. Lockheed Martin ( is a large multinational Aerospace manufacturer and advanced technology Company formed in 1995 by the merger of

Overview

Combat Information Center (CIC) consoles aboard USS Normandy, 1997. A Combat Information Center ( CIC) or Action Information Center ( AIC) is the tactical center of a Warship, manned and equipped Service history Normandy was laid down at Bath Iron Works, Bath Maine, on 7 April 1987 launched on 19 March 1988 and commissioned on 9 December

The Aegis weapon system is an advanced combat, control, and information system that uses powerful computers and radars to track and destroy enemy targets. It is the most advanced modern combat system and is the first fully integrated combat system built to defend against air, surface, and subsurface threats.

The Aegis Weapons System comprises the SPY-1 Radar, MK 99 Fire Control System and ORTS, MK 41 VLS, the Command and Decision Suite, and SM-2 Standard Missile systems. A Vertical Launching System ( VLS) is a type of Missile -firing system used aboard the Submarines and surface vessels of several navies around the Shipboard torpedo and naval gunnery systems are also integrated. ^[2] The Aegis combat system is controlled by an advanced, automatic detect-and-track, multi-function three-dimensional passive electronically scanned array radar, the AN/SPY-1. A passive electronically scanned array (PESA as opposed to its active counterpart AESA, is a Phased array which has a central radiofrequency Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships Known as "the Shield of the Fleet", the SPY high-powered (four megawatt) radar is able to perform search, tracking, and missile guidance functions simultaneously with a track capacity of well over 100 targets at more than 100 nautical miles (190 km). The watt (symbol W) is the SI derived unit of power, equal to one Joule of energy per Second. ^[3]

The Aegis system uses missile uplink using the AN/SPY-1 radar for midcourse guidance of Standard missiles during engagements, but still requires the AN/SPG-62 radar for terminal guidance. This means that with proper scheduling of intercepts, a large number of targets can be engaged simultaneously.

The computer-based command-and-decision element is the core of the Aegis combat system. A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. This interface makes the Aegis combat system capable of simultaneous operation against almost all kinds of threats. The Aegis system is being enhanced to act in a Theater Missile Defense role, to counter short- and medium-range ballistic missiles of the variety typically employed by rogue states (see Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System). A ballistic missile is a Missile that follows a Sub-orbital ballistic flightpath with the objective of delivering a warhead to a predetermined target The Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System is a United States Department of Defense Missile Defense Agency program developed to provide a last line of defense

Development

Large screen displays on USS Vincennes, typical of early Aegis platforms

By the late 1950s, the US Navy replaced guns with guided missiles on its ships. History 1980s The Vincennes was the first of the Ticonderoga -class cruisers to enter the Pacific Fleet. These were sufficient weapons but by the late 1960s, the U. S. Navy recognized that reaction time, firepower, and operational availability in all environments did not match the anti-ship missile threat.

As a result, the US Navy decided to develop a program to defend ships from anti-ship missile threats. An Advanced Surface Missile System (ASMS) was promulgated and an engineering development program was initiated to meet the requirements. ASMS was re-named "Aegis" in December 1969 after the aegis, the shield of the Greek god Zeus. "Aegis" (ˈiːdʒɨs has entered modern English to mean a shield protection or sponsorship originally from the name of the mythological protective shield of Zeus A shield is a protective device meant to intercept attacks The term often refers to a device that is held in the hand as opposed to Armour or a Bullet proof vest Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology The name was coined at the suggestion of Captain L. J. Stecher, a former Tartar Weapon System manager, after an internal U. Description The Tartar Guided Missile Fire Control System, or Mk 74 Guided Missile Fire Control System or just Tartar, is a US-built medium-range anti-aircraft S. Navy contest to name the ASMS program was initiated. Captain Stecher also submitted a possible acronym of Advanced Electronic Guided Interceptor System although this definition was never used. ^[4] While many other meanings have been attributed to the name Aegis, the name is not an acronym. The main manufacturer of the Aegis combat system, Lockheed Martin, makes no mention of it being an acronym, nor does the U.S. Navy. Lockheed Martin ( is a large multinational Aerospace manufacturer and advanced technology Company formed in 1995 by the merger of

Large screen displays on USS John S. McCain, circa 1997. Ship gallery See also See USS John S McCain for other ships of this name Destroyers have two displays while cruisers have four.

The first Engineering Development Model (EDM-1) was installed in a test ship, the USS Norton Sound, in 1973. Career Norton Sound (AV-11 was laid down 7 September 1942; launched 28 November 1943; sponsored by Mrs This was the first fully-operational seaborne phased-array RADAR. The Navy built the first Aegis-equipped cruisers using the hull and machinery designs of Spruance-class destroyers. A cruiser is a large type of Warship, which had its prime period from the late 19th century to the end of the Cold War. Class The class was designed for anti-submarine warfare (ASW with point defense Anti-aircraft warfare (AAW missiles upgrades provided anti-ship and land attack The first cruiser of this class was the Ticonderoga, which uses two twin-armed Mark-26 missile launchers, fore and aft. History of the ship The United States Navy built the first Aegis Cruisers using the hull and machinery designs of ''Spruance''-class destroyers. The commissioning of the sixth ship of the class, the Bunker Hill opened a new era in surface warfare as the first Aegis ship outfitted with the Martin Marietta Mark-41 Vertical Launching System (VLS), allowing a wider missile selection, more firepower, and survivability. In Fiction Bunker Hill was featured in Tom Clancy 's 1986 novel Red Storm Rising. Martin Marietta Corporation was founded in 1961 through the Merger of The Martin Company and American-Marietta Corporation. A Vertical Launching System ( VLS) is a type of Missile -firing system used aboard the Submarines and surface vessels of several navies around the The improved AN/SPY-1B radar went to sea in the Princeton, ushering in another advance in Aegis capabilities. Mine Attack On the morning of 18 February 1991 during Operation Desert Storm, Princeton was patrolling an operating area 28 nautical miles off Failaka The Chosin introduced the AN/UYK-43/44 computers, which provide increased processing capabilities.

In 1980, a destroyer was designed using an improved sea-keeping hull form, reduced infrared, and radar cross-section and upgrades to the Aegis Combat System. Infrared ( IR) radiation is Electromagnetic radiation whose Wavelength is longer than that of Visible light, but shorter than that of The first ship of the Arleigh Burke class, the USS Arleigh Burke, was commissioned in 1991. Characteristics The Arleigh Burke class are among the largest and most powerful destroyers ever built both larger and more heavily armed than many previous cruisers History Even before the USS Arleigh Burke was commissioned the Commander Operational Test and Evaluation Force was involved in the initial phases of testing Because the Aegis system dominates the ship's architecture, ships equipped with it are sometimes mistakenly called Aegis class ships.

Flight II of the Arleigh Burke class, introduced in 1992, incorporated improvements to the SPY radar, and to the Standard missile, active electronic countermeasures, and communications. Flight IIA, introduced in 2000, added a helicopter hangar with one anti-submarine helicopter and one armed attack helicopter. History Since 400 AD Chinese children have played with bamboo flying toys. The Aegis program has also projected reducing the cost of each Flight IIA ship by at least $30 million.

Iran Air Flight 655

Main article: Iran Air Flight 655

Layout of the Combat Information Center of early Aegis Cruisers. Iran Air Flight 655, also known as IR655, was a civilian Airliner shot down by US missiles on Sunday July 3, 1988, over A Combat Information Center ( CIC) or Action Information Center ( AIC) is the tactical center of a Warship, manned and equipped

The Aegis system was involved in an incident in which USS Vincennes shot down Iran Air Flight 655 in 1988 resulting in 290 civilian deaths. History 1980s The Vincennes was the first of the Ticonderoga -class cruisers to enter the Pacific Fleet. Iran Air Flight 655, also known as IR655, was a civilian Airliner shot down by US missiles on Sunday July 3, 1988, over

It was determined by a formal military investigation^[5] that the Aegis system was fully operational and did not have any maintenance issues. The investigation ruled that had the Commanding officer relied on the full tactical data displayed by the Aegis system, (i. The commanding officer ( CO) is the officer in command of a Military unit. e. Doctrine), the engagement might never have occurred. Additionally, psychological effects of the crew subconsciously manipulating the data to fit a predefined scenario greatly contributed to the false identification. The investigation found that the Aegis Combat System did not contribute to the incident, but did aid in the investigation by means of recorded target data. The discrepancies are as follows:

Aegis in other navies

JDS Ashigara (DDG-178) a Atago class destroyer

Ship Class	Operator	Total Ships
Atago	JMSDF	2
Kongō	JMSDF	4
King Sejong the Great	ROKN	1
Fridtjof Nansen	RNoN	5
Álvaro de Bazán	AE	5
Arleigh Burke	USN	64
Ticonderoga	USN	22
Total		105

• Australia, under its Sea 4000 project to acquire three air warfare destroyers, decided in August 2004 that Aegis would be the core of the combat system for the Royal Australian Navy ships. History 1980s The Vincennes was the first of the Ticonderoga -class cruisers to enter the Pacific Fleet. Iran Air Flight 655, also known as IR655, was a civilian Airliner shot down by US missiles on Sunday July 3, 1988, over Iran Air Flight 655, also known as IR655, was a civilian Airliner shot down by US missiles on Sunday July 3, 1988, over Iran Air Flight 655, also known as IR655, was a civilian Airliner shot down by US missiles on Sunday July 3, 1988, over Iran Air Flight 655, also known as IR655, was a civilian Airliner shot down by US missiles on Sunday July 3, 1988, over See also Japanese cruiser Ashigara Design In 2000 the Japan Defense Agency Maritime Staff Office included another two Aegis ships in its five-year budget on top of the four Kongo class destroyers originally Design In 2000 the Japan Defense Agency Maritime Staff Office included another two Aegis ships in its five-year budget on top of the four Kongo class destroyers originally The, or JMSDF, is the maritime branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, tasked with the naval defense of Japan. Design The Kongō class employs the highly advanced Aegis fire control system and is armed with the RIM-66 SM-2MR Block II Surface-to-air The, or JMSDF, is the maritime branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, tasked with the naval defense of Japan. Background The ship features the Aegis combat system (Baseline 7 Phase 1 combined with AN/SPY-1D multi-function radar antennae The Republic of Korea Navy ( Hangul: 대한민국 해군 Hanja: 大韓民國 海軍 Revised Romanization: Dae-han-min-guk Hae-gun) or Improvements The new frigates will prove a great improvement over their predecessors the ''Oslo'' class frigates not only in size but also in personnel capabilities and The Royal Norwegian Navy (often abbreviated as RNoN) is the branch of the Norwegian Defence Force responsible for naval operations Units ''Álvaro de Bazán'' (F101 (2002 ''Almirante Juan de Borbón'' (F102 (2003 ''Blas de Lezo'' (F103 Characteristics The Arleigh Burke class are among the largest and most powerful destroyers ever built both larger and more heavily armed than many previous cruisers Vertical Launching System See also Vertical Launching System In addition to the added Radar capability the Ticonderoga class built after the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Royal Australian Navy ( RAN) is the naval branch of the Australian Defence Force. On 20 June 2007, the Australian government announced it had selected the Navantia F-100 Álvaro de Bazán class design over a variant of the Arleigh Burke design. Events 451 - Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius ' defeats Attila the Hun. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Units ''Álvaro de Bazán'' (F101 (2002 ''Almirante Juan de Borbón'' (F102 (2003 ''Blas de Lezo'' (F103 The Australian variant will be known as the Hobart class. The Australian Air Warfare Destroyer program The 2000 Defence White Paper stated that the navy would replace the ''Adelaide'' class frigates with three air warfare
• Japan operates four Kongō-class destroyers of a modified Arleigh Burke design from 1993. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Design The Kongō class employs the highly advanced Aegis fire control system and is armed with the RIM-66 SM-2MR Block II Surface-to-air In naval terminology a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance Warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, Convoy Two improved units known as the Atago class were purchased in 2000 and the first ship of this class, DDG 177 Atago, was commissioned March 15, 2007. Design In 2000 the Japan Defense Agency Maritime Staff Office included another two Aegis ships in its five-year budget on top of the four Kongo class destroyers originally Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
• Norway is procuring five ships of Spanish manufacture which include a U. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional S. sourced Aegis system integrated onto the ships, as the Fridtjof Nansen class. Improvements The new frigates will prove a great improvement over their predecessors the ''Oslo'' class frigates not only in size but also in personnel capabilities and The first unit of this type, Fridtjof Nansen, was launched on June 3, 2004. Improvements The new frigates will prove a great improvement over their predecessors the ''Oslo'' class frigates not only in size but also in personnel capabilities and Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The second of five Norwegian Nansen class frigates, the Roald Amundsen, completed its sea trials and entered service in June 2007. The 5,200 ton Nansen class ships are being built in Spain and cost $600 million each.
• Republic of Korea is building Aegis variants of its KDX destroyers, called KDX-III. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Background The ship features the Aegis combat system (Baseline 7 Phase 1 combined with AN/SPY-1D multi-function radar antennae The first ship of the class, King Sejong the Great, was launched on May 25, 2007. Background The ship features the Aegis combat system (Baseline 7 Phase 1 combined with AN/SPY-1D multi-function radar antennae Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
• Spain is currently operating five Álvaro de Bazán class Aegis frigates, with at least four in commission. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Units ''Álvaro de Bazán'' (F101 (2002 ''Almirante Juan de Borbón'' (F102 (2003 ''Blas de Lezo'' (F103 For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship

References

See also

• Wayne E. Meyer
• PAAMS
• Typhon Combat System

External links

• AEGIS Weapon System MK-7 in the FAS Military Analysis Network. Rear Admiral Wayne E Meyer (born April 21, 1926) is regarded as the "Father of AEGIS" for his 13 years of service as the AEGIS Weapon System The Principal Anti Air Missile System (PAAMS is a joint French / Italian / British program for a naval anti-aircraft weapon The " Typhon Combat System " was an integrated weapons system being developed by the United States Navy.

• DDG-51 ARLEIGH BURKE-class in the FAS Military Analysis Network.

• AN/SPY-1. The Warfighter Encyclopedia. Warfighter Response Center (2003-10-08). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 314 - Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses Retrieved on 2006-08-10. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire .

• AEGIS Weapon System MK-7. Jane's Information Group (2001-4-25). Jane's Information Group (often referred to as Jane's) is a Publishing company specialising in transportation and military topics which was founded by Fred T Retrieved on 2006-08-10. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire .

• "MK 7 AEGIS FIRE CONTROL SYSTEM RADAR", FIRE CONTROLMAN, VOLUME 02--FIRE CONTROL RADAR FUNDAMENTALS. US NAVY. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire  .