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The Aegean Sea Greek: Αιγαίο Πέλαγος([Aigaío Pélagos] ); Turkish: Ege Denizi, Adalar Denizi) is a sea arm of the Mediterranean Sea located between the southern Balkan and Anatolian peninsulas, i. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. This article is about the body of water For other uses see SEA and Seas. Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black A peninsula is a piece of land that is nearly surrounded by Water but connected to Mainland via an Isthmus. e. , between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey respectively. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches In the north, it is connected to the Marmara Sea and Black Sea by the Dardanelles and Bosporus. The Sea of Marmara ( Turkish: Marmara Denizi, Greek: Θάλασσα του Μαρμαρά or Προποντίς, Bulgarian The Black Sea is an inland Sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolian peninsula ( Turkey See also [[Hellespont]] The Dardanelles ( Turkish: Çanakkale Boğazı Greek: Δαρδανέλλια Dardanellia) formerly The Bosporus or Bosphorus, also known as the Istanbul Strait, (İstanbul Boğazı (Βόσπορος is a Strait that forms the boundary between the The Aegean Islands are within the sea and some bound it on its southern periphery, including Crete and Rhodes. The Aegean Islands (Νησιά Αιγαίου Nisiá Aigaíou; Ege Adaları are a group of Islands in the Aegean Sea, with mainland Greece Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the Rhodes (Ρόδος Ródos, ˈɾo̞ðo̞s Rodi ردوس Rodos; Ladino: Rodi or Rodes) is a Greek island The Aegean Region, Turkey, consists of nine provinces in southwestern Turkey, in part bordering on the Aegean sea.
The sea was traditionally known as the Archipelago (Greek: Αρχιπέλαγος), the general sense of which has since changed to refer to the Aegean Islands and, generally, to any island group because the Aegean Sea is remarkable for its large number of islands. An archipelago (ɑrkəˈpɛləgoʊ is a chain or cluster of Islands The word archipelago literally means "chief Sea " from Italian
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Etymology
In ancient times there were various explanations for the name Aegean. It was said to have been named after the Greek town of Aegae, or Aegea, a queen of the Amazons who died in the sea, or Aigaion, the "sea goat", another name of Briareus, one of the archaic Hecatonchires, or, especially among the Athenians, Aegeus, the father of Theseus, who drowned himself in the sea when he thought his son had died. Aegea is a back-formation from " Aegean " the sea that was named for an Eponymous Aegeus in early levels of Greek mythology. The Amazons (in Greek, grc Ἀμαζόνες are a nation of all-female warriors in Classical and Greek mythology, who were possibly historical The Hecatonchires, or Hekatonkheires Ἑκατόγχειρες( were three gargantuan figures of an archaic stage of Greek mythology. For the Spartan hero Aegeus see Aegeus (hero. In Greek mythology, Aegeus (Αἰγεύς also Aigeus, Aegeas For other uses see Theseus (disambiguation Theseus (Θησεύς was a Legendary king of Athens, son of Aethra, and fathered
A possible etymology is a derivation from the Greek word αἶγες (aiges) "waves" (Hesychius; metaphorical use of αἴξ (aix) "goat"), hence "wavy sea", cf. Hesychius of Alexandria (῾Ησύχιος ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς a Grammarian who flourished probably in the 5th century CE compiled the richest lexicon also αἰγιαλός (aigialos) "coast".
In the Bulgarian language the sea is also known as White sea (Бяло море). Bulgarian (български език IPA: ɛzˈik is an Indo-European language, a member of the Slavic linguistic group According to legend, Bulgarian sailors and merchants in the Middle Ages found it a hospitable and timid sea to travel and called it White sea in contrast to the hostile and dangerous Black sea. The Black Sea is an inland Sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolian peninsula ( Turkey
History
Aegean civilization is a general term for the Bronze Age civilizations of Greece and the Aegean; in ancient times the sea was the birthplace of two ancient civilizations – the Minoans of Crete, and the Mycenean Civilization of the Peloponnese. Aegean civilization is a general term for the Bronze Age Civilizations of Greece and the Aegean. The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization which arose on the island of Crete. Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the Mycenaean Greece is a cultural period of ancient Greece taking its name from the archaeological site of Mycenae in northeastern Argolis, in the Peloponnese The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ( Greek: Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnisos; see also List of Greek place names) is a large Peninsula [1] Later arose the city-states of Athens and Sparta among many others that constituted the Athenian Empire and Hellenic Civilization. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's The city of Sparta ( Doric Σπάρτα Attic Σπάρτη The Delian League was an association of approximately 150 5th-century BC Greek City-states under the leadership of Athens, whose purpose was to continue The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca Plato described the Greeks living round the Aegean "like frogs around a pond". [2] The Aegean Sea was later invaded by Persians and the Romans, and inhabited by the Byzantine Empire, the Venetians, the Seljuk Turks, and the Ottoman Empire. The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the The Seljuq (also Seljuq Turks, Seldjuks, Seldjuqs, Seljuks; in Turkish Selçuklular; in Ṣaljūqīyān; in The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The Aegean was the site of the original democracies, and its seaways were the means of contact among several diverse civilizations of the Eastern Mediterranean. Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system It is also the location of the wreck of the HMHS Britannic which sank on November 21, 1916 during World War I. History Post- Titanic design changes Following the loss of the Titanic and the subsequent enquiries several design changes were made to the remaining Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All
Geography
The Aegean Sea covers about 214,000 km² in area, and measures about 610 kilometres longitudinally and 300 kilometres latitudinally. The sea's maximum depth is 3,543 metres (11,624 ft), east of Crete. Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the The Aegean Islands are found within its waters, with the following islands delimiting the sea on the south (generally from west to east): Kythera, Antikythera, Crete, Kasos, Karpathos, and Rhodes. The Aegean Islands (Νησιά Αιγαίου Nisiá Aigaíou; Ege Adaları are a group of Islands in the Aegean Sea, with mainland Greece Kythira (Κύθηρα Cythera, Kythera, Cerigo is an Island of Greece, historically part of the Ionian Islands. Antikythera (Αντικύθηρα (ˌæntɪkɪˈθɪərə an-ti-ki-theer-uh ˌɑndiˈkiθirɑˌɑndiˈkiθirɑ ahn-dee-kee-thee-rah is a Greek Island Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the Kasos (also Kassos; Greek: Κάσος; Italian: Caso) is a Greek Island municipality in the Karpathos (Κάρπαθος is the second largest of the Greek Dodecanese islands in the southeastern Aegean Sea. Rhodes (Ρόδος Ródos, ˈɾo̞ðo̞s Rodi ردوس Rodos; Ladino: Rodi or Rodes) is a Greek island
The Greek Aegean Islands can be simply divided into seven groups: the Northeastern Aegean Islands, Euboea, the Northern Sporades, the Cyclades, the Saronic Islands (or Argo-Saronic Islands), the Dodecanese (or Southern Sporades), and Crete. This is a list of Aegean Islands. Except for Cunda Imbros and Tenedos which belong to Turkey, all these are Greek territory For the mythological figure see Euboea (mythology Euboea ( Modern Greek, Εύβοια - Évia &mdash The (Northern Sporades (Βόρειες Σποράδες are an Archipelago along the east coast of Greece, northeast of the island of Euboea, in The CYCLADES Packet switching network was an extremely influential French network system in the early 1970s similar to the ARPANET. The Saronic Islands are so named because they lie in the Saronic Gulf just off the Greek mainland Argo-Saronic Islands is a term combining the Islands in the neighboring Saronic Gulf and Argolic Gulf, both of which open into the Aegean Sea The Dodecanese ( Greek Δωδεκάνησα Dodekánisa 'twelve islands' are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the The word archipelago was originally applied specifically to the Aegean Sea and its islands. An archipelago (ɑrkəˈpɛləgoʊ is a chain or cluster of Islands The word archipelago literally means "chief Sea " from Italian Many of the Aegean Islands, or chains of islands, are actually extensions of the mountains on the mainland. One chain extends across the sea to Chios, another extends across Euboea to Samos, and a third extends across the Peloponnese and Crete to Rhodes, dividing the Aegean from the Mediterranean. Chios (Χίος pronounced ˈçio̞s alternative transliterations Khíos and Híos) is the fifth largest of the Greek islands, situated For the mythological figure see Euboea (mythology Euboea ( Modern Greek, Εύβοια - Évia &mdash Samos (Σάμος is a Greek island in the North Aegean Sea, south of Chios, north of Patmos and the Dodecanese, and off The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ( Greek: Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnisos; see also List of Greek place names) is a large Peninsula Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the Rhodes (Ρόδος Ródos, ˈɾo̞ðo̞s Rodi ردوس Rodos; Ladino: Rodi or Rodes) is a Greek island Many of the islands have safe harbours and bays, but navigation through the sea is generally difficult. Many of the islands are volcanic, and marble and iron are mined on other islands. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Marble is a nonfoliated Metamorphic rock resulting from the Metamorphism of Limestone, composed mostly of Calcite (a crystalline form of Iron (ˈаɪɚn is a Chemical element with the symbol Fe (ferrum and Atomic number 26 The larger islands have some fertile valleys and plains. In the Aegean Sea there are two islands belonging to Turkey: Bozcaada (Greek: Τένεδος Tenedos) and Gökçeada (Greek: Ίμβρος Imvros), while the rest belonging to Greece. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches For the ant spider genus see Tenedos (genus. For the 19th century fort in Zululand, see Fort Tenedos Tenedos, officially Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly For the ant spider genus see Tenedos (genus. For the 19th century fort in Zululand, see Fort Tenedos Tenedos, officially Gökçeada is a rural district of the Çanakkale Province of Turkey. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Imbros, officially referred to as Gökçeada in Turkey (older name in Turkish İmroz; Greek: Ίμβρος – Imvros) is the largest island Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The Aegean Sea has about 1,415 islands and islets, of which 1,395 belong to Greece. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία
The bays and gulfs of the Aegean beginning and the South and moving clockwise include on Crete, the Mirabelli, Almyros, Souda and Chania bays or gulfs, on the mainland the Myrtoan Sea to the west, the Saronic Gulf northwestward, the Petalies Gulf which connects with the South Euboic Sea, the Pagasetic Gulf which connects with the North Euboic Sea, the Thermian Gulf northwestward, the Chalkidiki Peninsula including the Cassandra and the Singitic Gulfs, northward the Strymonian Gulf and the Gulf of Kavala and the rest are in Turkey; Saros Gulf, Edremit Gulf, Dikili Gulf, Çandarlı Gulf, İzmir Gulf, Kuşadası Gulf, Gulf of Gökova, Güllük Gulf. Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the The Gulf of Chania is an Embayment of the Sea of Crete in the northwestern region of the island of Crete in present day Greece. The Myrtoan (Mirtoan Sea is a subdivision of the Mediterranean Sea that lies between the Cyclades and the Peloponnesos. The Saronic Gulf ( Greek: Σαρωνικός κόλπος Saronikós kólpos) or Gulf of Aegina in Greece forms part of the The Petalies Gulf (Greek Κόλπος Πεταλιών also the South Evvian Gulf or the South Euboean Gulf is a gulf that connects with the South The Gulf of Euboea or Euboic Sea or Euboic Gulf (modern Greek Ευβοϊκός Κόλπος Evvoïkós Kólpos) is an arm of the Aegean Sea The Pagasetic Gulf ( Greek: Παγασητικός κόλπος Pagasitikós kólpos;) is a rounded gulf (max The Gulf of Euboea or Euboic Sea or Euboic Gulf (modern Greek Ευβοϊκός Κόλπος Evvoïkós Kólpos) is an arm of the Aegean Sea The Thermaic Gulf (Θερμαϊκός Κόλπος is a gulf of the Aegean Sea located immediately south of Thessaloniki, east of Pieria and Imathia Chalkidiki, also Halkidiki or Chalcidice, less often Khalkidiki and rarely Chalkidice (Χαλκιδική xalkʲiðiˈkʲi is one of the The Strymonian or Strymon Gulf is a branch of the Thracian Sea —itself part of the Aegean Sea —lying east of the Halkidiki peninsula and south Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Saros Bay or Gulf of Saros is an inlet of the northern Aegean Sea located north of the Gallipoli Peninsula in northwestern Turkey. İzmir, historically Smyrna, is the third most populous city of Turkey and the country's largest port after İstanbul. Kuşadası is a Resort town in Turkey 's Aegean coast and the center of the district of the same name in Aydın Province. The Gulf of Gökova (Gökova körfezi Gulf of Kerme ( Turkish: Kerme körfezi Greek: Κεραμεικός κόλπος Latin: Ceramicus For the village in Azerbaijan see Güllük Azerbaijan. Güllük, is a small harbor town with own municipality within the district of
See also
- Aegean civilization
- Aegean Islands
- Aegean dispute
- For Aegean languages, see Tyrsenian languages
- List of traditional Greek place names
Notes
- ^ Tracey Cullen, Aegean Prehistory: A Review (American Journal of Archaeology. Aegean civilization is a general term for the Bronze Age Civilizations of Greece and the Aegean. The Aegean Islands (Νησιά Αιγαίου Nisiá Aigaíou; Ege Adaları are a group of Islands in the Aegean Sea, with mainland Greece Maritime and areal zones of influence Several of the Aegean issues deal with the delimitation of both countries' zones of influence in the air and on the sea around their respective Aegean languages are the language groups spoken around the Aegean Sea area prior to and along with Greek. This is a list of Greek place names. That is a list of the names of places as they exist in the Greek language. Supplement, 1); Oliver Dickinson, The Aegean Bronze Age (Cambridge World Archaeology).
- ^ The familiar phrase giving rise to the title Prehistorians Round the Pond: Reflections on Aegean Prehistory as a Discipline, by John F. Cherry, Despina Margomenou, and Lauren E. Talalay.
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