Colloquially, an adrenaline junkie is somebody who appears to be addicted to adrenaline. Adrenaline in this case comes from an endogenous source (i. The word endogenous means "arising from within" the opposite of Exogenous. e. the adrenal gland) and does not imply the use of exogenous adrenaline (e. In Mammals the adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands) are the triangle-shaped Endocrine glands that sit on top of the Kidneys their Exogenous (or exogeneous) (from the Greek words "exo" and "gen" meaning "outside" and "production" refers to an action or g. injection).
The term came into use in 1993. Originally, it was used to describe argumentative people who deliberately (consciously or unconsciously) find excuses to get an adrenaline fix. This mode of receiving a fix is deemed just as addictive as a recreational drug (such as heroin, hence the term "junkie"), but can be considered more harmful if it involves other people. Heroin ( INN: diacetylmorphine, BAN: diamorphine) is a semi-synthetic opioid synthesized from Morphine, a derivative The phrase adrenaline junkie was used in the 1991 movie Point Break to describe the "Ex-Presidents. Point Break is a 1991 Action film directed by Kathryn Bigelow and starring Keanu Reeves, Patrick Swayze and Gary Busey "
Adrenal glands
Adrenaline junkies enjoy engaging in activities that stimulate the adrenal glands, which are responsible for producing a broad spectrum of hormones which cause the stress response, also known as the fight-or-flight response. The fight-or-flight response', also called the fright, fight or flight response, hyperarousal or the acute stress response, was first Adrenaline is the most well-known hormone in this family, although each of the hormones, including noradrenaline, cortisol, and various other catecholamines and corticosteroids, play a part in the stress response. Norepinephrine ( INN) (abbreviated norepi or NE) or noradrenaline ( BAN) (abbreviated NA or NAd) is a Cortisol is a Corticosteroid Hormone produced by the Adrenal gland (in the Zona fasciculata of the Adrenal cortex) Corticosteroids are a class of Steroid hormones that are produced in the Adrenal cortex. The effects include hyperarousal, increased blood flow, heightened pulse rate, and increased physical performance, which adrenaline junkies find an enjoyable and invigorating state of mind and body. The fight-or-flight response', also called the fright, fight or flight response, hyperarousal or the acute stress response, was first
Activities
Any number of extreme sports or dangerous activities could be associated with the phenomenon, such as jousting, streetluge, dirt bike riding, skateboarding, parkour, freerunning, Longboarding, skydiving, BASE jumping, paintballing, whitewater kayaking, rock climbing, or sex. Extreme sport (also called action sport and adventure sport) is a media term for certain activities perceived as having a high level of inherent Street luge is an extreme gravity-powered activity that involves riding a streetluge board (sometimes referred to as a sled down a paved Road or course MotorCycle is the title of a 1993 album by Rock band Daniel Amos, released on BAI Records. Skateboarding is the act of riding and performing tricks using a Skateboard. Parkour (sometimes abbreviated to PK) or l'art du déplacement (the art of movement is an activity with the aim of moving from one point to another as efficiently Free running is a physical art, in which participants (free runners use the urban and rural areas to perform movements through its structures focused on Parachuting, also known as skydiving is where a person jumps from enough height so that he can deploy a fabric Parachute and land safely BASE jumping is involving the use of a Parachute or the sequenced use of a Wingsuit and parachute to jump from fixed objects--with the parachute unopened at the jump Paintball is a sport in which players eliminate opponents from play by hitting them with dye-filled breakable oil and gelatin paintballs usually shot from a carbon dioxide or compressed-gas Whitewater kayaking is the sport of paddling a Kayak on a moving body of water typically a Whitewater river Rock climbing is a Sport in which participants climb up or across natural rock formations or man-made rock walls with the goal of reaching the Some prefer more aggressive activities such as picking fights. Less physical pursuits would include gambling, stock market trading, graffiti, or even shoplifting. A stock market, or (equity market is a private or public market for the trading of company Stock and derivatives of company Graffiti (singular graffito; the plural is used as a Mass noun) is the name for images or lettering scratched scrawled painted or marked in any manner on property Shoplifting (also known as retail theft, or shrinkage within the retail industry is Theft of goods from a Retail establishment by an ostensible
Pharmacokinetics
Although the term "adrenaline junkie" is normally used facetiously and without any genuine implication of addiction, there may be an element of truth to the description. The term " addiction " is used in many contexts to describe an obsession compulsion or excessive Physical dependence or psychological dependence such as Psychological addiction to an "adrenaline rush" has been reported numerous times.
An adrenaline rush is usually accompanied by an increase in endorphin activity. Endorphins are Endogenous Opioid Polypeptide compounds They are produced by the Pituitary gland and the Hypothalamus in Vertebrates Endorphins are responsible for feelings of well being, as well as pain relief. Due to synaptic plasticity, increased endorphin activity creates an increase in endorphin receptor sites, which in turn can create a stronger desire for endorphins. In Neuroscience, synaptic plasticity is the ability of the connection or Synapse, between two Neurons to change in strength. In Biochemistry, a receptor is a Protein molecule embedded in either the Plasma membrane or Cytoplasm of a cell to which a mobile signaling Synaptic plasticity and receptor site proliferation are widely believed to be the mechanisms by which chemical addictions are developed.
However, the same can be said for any endorphin-stimulating activity, whether laughter, physical exertion, sexual intercourse, artistic expression or religious experience. Although synaptic plasticity may be responsible for chemical addictions, it is also believed to be involved in reinforcement, the mechanism by which animals learn to differentiate what is desirable from what is undesirable. In Operant conditioning, reinforcement is an immediate increase in the strength of a response following a change in environment Seen in this context, chemical addiction could simply be seen as an aberrant form of plasticity.
Although the effects of adrenaline are largely positive, increasing cardiovascular activity and oxygenation, extended or chronic adrenal stimulation can eventually lead to high blood pressure, heart disease, and other stress-related diseases. This is an article about the rock music band "Circulatory System"
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