| Aconitine | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 |
|
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [302-27-2] |
| PubChem | |
| SMILES | COC[C@]12CN(C)[C@@H]3[C@H]4[C@H](OC)C1 [C@@]3([C@H](C[C@H]2O)OC)[C@@H]5C[C@]6 (O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@@]4(OC(C)=O) [C@H]5C6OC(=O)c7ccccc7 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C34H47NO11 |
| Molar mass | 645. CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to PubChem is a Database of chemical Molecules The system is maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI a component A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Molar mass, symbol M, is the Mass of one mole of a substance ( Chemical element or Chemical compound) 73708 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
|
Aconitine is a highly poisonous alkaloid derived from various aconite species. In Chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 Kilopascals exactly In the context of Biology, poisons are substances that can cause damage, Illness, or Death to Organisms usually by This article is about the chemical compounds alkaloids For the Pharmaceutical company in the Republic of Macedonia see Alkaloid (company. Aconitum ( A-co-ní-tum) known as aconite, monkshood, wolfsbane, leopard's bane, women's bane It is a neurotoxin that opens TTX-sensitive Na+ channels in the heart and other tissues, and is used for creating models of cardiac arrhythmia. A neurotoxin is a Toxin that acts specifically on nerve cells ( Neurons, usually by interacting with Membrane proteins such as Ion channels Tetrodotoxin (anhydrotetrodotoxin 4-epitetrodotoxin tetrodonic acid TTX is a potent Neurotoxin with no known antidote which blocks Action potentials in Nerves Sodium channels are Integral membrane proteins that form Ion channels, conducting sodium ions ( Na+) through a cell's Plasma membrane The heart is a muscular organ in all Vertebrates responsible for pumping Blood through the Blood vessels by repeated rhythmic Dysrhythmia redirects here For the American band see Dysrhythmia (band. Aconitine was previously used as an antipyretic. Antipyretics are Drugs that reduce body temperature in situations such as Fever.
Aconitine has the chemical formula C34H47NO11, and is soluble in chloroform or benzene, slightly in alcohol or ether, and only very slightly in water. Solubility is the characteristic Physical property referring to the ability of a given substance the Solute, to dissolve in a Solvent. Chloroform, also known as trichloromethane and methyl trichloride, is a Chemical compound with formula C[[Hydrogen H]] Cl Benzene, or benzol, is an organic Chemical compound and a known Carcinogen with the molecular formula C 6 H 6 Diethyl ether, also known as ether and ethoxyethane, is a clear colorless and highly Flammable liquid with a low Boiling point and a Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life.
The Merck Index gives LD50s for mice: 0. The Merck Index is an Encyclopedia of Chemicals drugs and biologicals with over 10000 monographs on single substances or groups of In Toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD50 (abbreviation for “Lethal Dose 50%” or LCt50 (Lethal Concentration & Time of a A mouse (plural mice) is a small Animal that belongs to one 166 mg/kg (intravenously); 0. Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is the giving of Liquid substances directly into a Vein. 328 mg/kg intraperitoneally (injected into the body cavity); approx. Intraperitoneal injection or IP injection is the injection of a substance into the Peritoneum (body cavity 1 mg/kg orally (ingested). [1] In rats, the oral LD50 is given as 5. 97 mg/kg. Oral doses as low as 1. 5 – 6 mg aconitine were reported to be lethal in humans. [2]
It is quickly absorbed via mucous membranes, but also via skin. The mucous membranes (or mucosae; singular mucosa) are linings of mostly endodermal origin covered in Epithelium, which are involved in Respiratory paralysis, in very high doses also cardiac arrest, leads to death. A cardiac arrest, also known as cardiorespiratory arrest, cardiopulmonary arrest or circulatory arrest, is the abrupt cessation of normal circulation of A few minutes after ingestion paresthesia starts, which includes tingling in the oral region. Paresthesia (pron /ˌpɛɹɪsˈθiʒə/ paraesthesia in British English, pron This extends to the whole body, starting from the extremities. Anesthesia, sweating and cooling of the body, nausea and vomiting and other similar symptoms follow. Anesthesia, or anaesthesia (see spelling differences; from Greek grc αν- an-, "without" and grc αἲσθησις Sometimes there is strong pain, accompanied by cramps, or diarrhea. There is no antidote, so only the symptoms can be treated. An antidote or counterdose is a substance which can counteract a form of Poisoning. [3]
Aconitine was probably made most famous by its use in Oscar Wilde's 1891 story Lord Arthur Savile's Crime. Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900 was an Irish Playwright, Novelist, poet and Author of
References
- ^ Merck & Co. (1989): The Merck Index. Eleventh Edition: p. 117. Rahway, N. J. . ISBN 091191028X
- ^ Ludewig, R. , Regenthal, R. et al. (2007): Akute Vergiftungen und Arzneimittelüberdosierungen (German). ISBN 3-8047-2280-6
- ^ Roth, L. , Daunderer, M. & Kormann, K. (1994): Giftpflanzen - Pflanzengifte. ISBN 3-933203-31-7
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic