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Accrington
Accrington (Lancashire)
Accrington

Accrington shown within Lancashire
Population 35,203[1]
OS grid reference SD761286
 - London 222 miles (357 km)
District Hyndburn
Shire county Lancashire
Region North West
Constituent country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town ACCRINGTON
Postcode district BB5
Dialling code 01254
Police Lancashire
Fire Lancashire
Ambulance North West
European Parliament North West England
UK Parliament Hyndburn
Website: http://www.hyndburnbc.gov.uk
List of places: UK • England • Lancashire

Coordinates: 53°45′12″N 2°21′50″W / 53.75337, -2.36384

Accrington is an industrial mill town and is the major settlement in Hyndburn, Lancashire, England. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Hyndburn is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Blackburn postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Accrington, Barnoldswick, Blackburn, Burnley The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Lancashire Constabulary is the Home Office police force responsible for policing the ceremonial county of Lancashire in the North West England The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide statutory emergency fire and rescue service for the Shire county of Lancashire The North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust was formed on 1 July 2006 as part of Health Minister Lord Warner's plans to reduce the number of NHS North West England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Hyndburn is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of places within the ceremonial county boundaries of Lancashire, England. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale A Mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is typically a settlement that developed around one or more mills or factories (usually Cotton mills Hyndburn is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The town is a former centre of the cotton industry and was a centre of the textile machinery industry; however the industry present is now more modern and diversified. Accrington lies about 20 miles (32 km) north of Manchester situated on the mostly culverted River Hyndburn. A culvert is a conduit used to enclose a flowing body of Water. The River Hyndburn is a river in Lancashire, England. It passes through the towns of Haslingden, Baxenden, Accrington, Clayton-le-Moors The town has a population of 35,203 according to the 2001 census. A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001

Accrington is commonly abbreviated by locals to "Accy". [2]

Contents

History

There are two derivations for the name of Accrington. Both agree that "ton" means "a town or enclosure of", from Anglo-Saxon; however one derivation states that ring means "the people of" and "accr" is a distortion of a family called alker. Nevertheless there is little evidence of this as it would have been the chief or land owner in the area. The alternative derivation states that "accring" is derived from "acorn ringed" which is plausible due to the numerous oak trees which formerly encircled the town but were lost during the industrial revolution. The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin This is still reflected in the name of the district's largest park, Oak Hill Park, where the imposing cenotaph is located.

The King's Highway which passes above the town was at one time used by the kings and queens of England when they used the area for hunting when it was one of the four forests of the hundred of Blackburnshire. King's Highway or Kings Highway may refer to King's Highway (ancient an ancient trade route from Egypt to Syria Kings Highway (Brooklyn Blackburnshire was a hundred, or ancient division of the county of Lancashire, in Northern England.

For many decades the textile industry was the central activity of the town. Mills and dye works provided work for the inhabitants; but often in very difficult conditions. A cotton mill is a Factory housing spinning and Weaving Machinery Cotton was a leading sector in the Industrial Revolution, as cotton A dye can generally be described as a Colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied There was regular conflict with employers, most famously in the 1842 'Plug riots' where a general strike spread from town to town. A general strike is a Strike action by a critical mass of the labour force in a city region or country The workers unplugged the boilers needed for the operation of the machinery as thousands of strikers walked over the hills from one town to another to persuade people to join the strike. The strike joined up with the Chartist movement but eventually proved unsuccessful in its aims. For chartism in financial markets see Technical analysis, and for the British socialist journal see Chartist (magazine Chartism was

The town is famed for manufacturing the hardest building bricks in the world, "The Accrington NORI"; which is IRON spelt backwards.

Accrington Pals

Further information: Recruitment to the British Army during World War I

One well-known association the town has is with the 'Accrington Pals', the nickname given to the smallest home town battalion of volunteers formed to fight in the first world war. At the start of 1914 the British Army had a reported strength of 710000 men including reserves of which around 80000 were regular troops ready for War. The Accrington Pals can also refer to a play based upon the soldiers - See The Accrington Pals (play The Accrington Pals was a British First A battalion is a Military unit of around 500-1500 men usually consisting of between two and seven companies and typically commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The Pals battalions were a peculiarity of the 1914-18 war: Lord Kitchener, the Secretary of State for War, believed that it would help recruitment if friends and work-mates from the same town were able to join up and fight together. The Pals battalions of World War I were units of the British Army that consisted of men who had enlisted together at special local recruiting drives with the promise Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener 1st Earl Kitchener, KG, KP, GCB, OM The position of Secretary of State for War, commonly called War Secretary, was a British Cabinet -level position first applied to Henry Dundas Strictly speaking, the 'Accrington Pals' battalion is properly known as the '11th East Lancashire Regiment': the nickname is a little misleading, since of the four 250-strong companies that made up the original battalion only one was actually composed of men from Accrington. The East Lancashire Regiment of the British Army was formed in 1881 from the 30th (Cambridgeshire Regiment of Foot and the 59th (2nd Nottinghamshire Regiment The rest volunteered from other east Lancashire towns such as Burnley, Blackburn and Chorley. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Chorley is a Market town in Lancashire, in North West England.

The Pals' first day of action, Saturday 1 July 1916, took place in Serre in the north of France. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. It was part of the 'Big Push' (later known as the Battle of the Somme) that was intended to force the German Army into a retreat from the Western Front, a line they had held since late 1914. The Battle of the Somme, also known as the Somme Offensive, fought from July to November 1916 was among the largest battles of the First World War The German Army (Deutsches Heer heɐ) is the land component of the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. See Western Front (disambiguation for other meanings Western Front was a term used during the First and Second World The German defences in Serre were supposed to have been obliterated by sustained, heavy, British shelling during the preceding week; however, as the battalion advanced it met with fierce resistance. 235 men were killed and a further 350 wounded — more than half of the battalion — within half an hour. Similarly desperate losses were suffered elsewhere on the front, in a disastrous day for the British Army.

Later in the year, the East Lancashire Regiment was rebuilt with new volunteers — in all, 865 Accrington men were killed during World War I. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All All of these names are recorded on a war memorial, an imposing white stone cenotaph, which stands in Oak Hill Park in the south of the town. The cenotaph also lists the names of 173 local fatalities from World War II. A cenotaph is a tomb or a Monument erected in honour of a person or group of persons whose remains are elsewhere World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

After the Great War and until 1986, Accrington Corporation buses were painted in the regimental colours of red and blue with gold lining. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The mudguards were painted black as a sign of mourning.

Geography

The Conurbation

The 2001 census gave the population of Accrington town as 35 203. The figure for the urban area was 71,224, up 1. 1% from 70,442 in 1991. This total includes Accrington, Church, Clayton-le-Moors, Great Harwood and Oswaldtwistle. Church is a large Village in Hyndburn, Lancashire, England; situated a mile west of Accrington. Clayton-le-Moors is a township in Hyndburn in Lancashire, England, a suburb of Accrington. Great Harwood is a small town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England. Oswaldtwistle (pronounced 'Oswald-twistle' is a town on the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in Lancashire, 3 miles east-south-east of Blackburn. For comparison purposes that is approximately the same size as Aylesbury, Carlisle, Guildford or Scunthorpe urban areas. See also Aylesbury Urban Area Aylesbury is the County town of Buckinghamshire in south east England. Carlisle (pronounced CARLYLE(emphasis on the first syllable is a City in northern England the largest settlement in Cumbria. Guildford ( IPA /ˈgɪlfəd/ is the County town of Surrey, England, as well as the seat for the borough of Guildford and the Scunthorpe is a town within North Lincolnshire, England. It is the administrative centre of the North Lincolnshire Unitary authority

The borough as a whole has a population of 81 496. This includes Accrington Urban Area and other outlying towns and villages such as; Altham, Aspden, Baxenden, part of Belthorn, Huncoat, Rishton and Stanhill. Altham is a village and Civil parish in the district of Hyndburn, in Lancashire, England Aspden is the historic name of a valley a mile west of Church and a mile north of Oswaldtwistle, between Accrington and Blackburn, in Lancashire Baxenden is a village and ward located in the Borough of Hyndburn in Lancashire, North-West England. Belthorn is a small Moorland village situated to the south-east of Blackburn in Lancashire, England. Huncoat is a small village in Lancashire, England; situated in the North West. Rishton is a small town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England, about 2 miles west of Clayton-le-Moors and 4 miles east of

The River Hyndburn and its tributaries flow through the area and the borough and constituency are named after it. The River Hyndburn is a river in Lancashire, England. It passes through the towns of Haslingden, Baxenden, Accrington, Clayton-le-Moors

Transport

The town has strong local travel links as Accrington railway station lies on the East Lancashire Line serving trains running locally and trains running from Blackpool to York. Accrington railway station serves the town of Accrington in Lancashire, UK. History The line was built by the Blackburn and Preston Railway and the Blackburn Burnley Accrington and Colne Extension Railway. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. York ( is an historic Walled city sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. There are also buses to Manchester every thirty minutes as well as more frequent services to other towns in east Lancashire. The main road running through the town centre is the A680 running from Rochdale to Whalley. List of A roads beginning with 6 in Great Britain starting east of the A6 and A7 roads and west of the A1. Rochdale is a large Market town in Greater Manchester, England For other meanings see Whalley. Whalley is a large village in the Ribble Valley on the banks of the River Calder in The town is served by junction seven of the M65 and is linked from the A680 by the A56 dual carriageway; which links to the M66 motorway heading towards Manchester. The M65 is a Motorway in Lancashire, England. It runs from just south of Preston through the major junction of the M6 and The A56 is a road in England which extends between the city of Chester in Cheshire and the village of Broughton in North Yorkshire A dual carriageway or divided highway is a road or Highway in which the two directions of traffic are separated by a central barrier or strip of land known as a The M66 is a Motorway in Lancashire and Greater Manchester, England. The closest airports are Manchester Airport at 27 miles (43 km), Blackpool Airport at 28 miles (45 km) and Leeds Bradford Airport at 30 miles (48 km). Manchester Airport is a major Airport in the vicinity of Manchester, England, and the largest airport in the United Kingdom outside the Blackpool International Airport is a small international Airport, on the outskirts of Blackpool on the Fylde coast, Lancashire in Leeds Bradford International Airport is located in the City of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England.

There was once a rail link south to Manchester via Haslingden and Bury, but this was closed in the 1960s as part of cuts following the Beeching Report. Haslingden is a small town in the Rossendale Valley in Lancashire, lying 19 miles (30 km north of Manchester. Bury is a town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies on the River Irwell, north-northwest of the city of Manchester, west-southwest of The Beeching Axe is an informal name for the British Government 's attempt in the 1960s to reduce the cost of running British Railways, the nationalised railway system The trackbed from Accrington to Baxenden is now an attractive linear treelined cycleway/footpath. Baxenden is a village and ward located in the Borough of Hyndburn in Lancashire, North-West England.

Social

Governance

Accrington is represented in parliament by the Labour MP Greg Pope as a part of the constituency of Hyndburn. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Gregory James Pope (born 29 August 1960, Blackburn) is a politician in the United Kingdom. Note that the constituency boundaries do not align exactly with those of the district of the same name.

Accrington was first represented nationally after the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 after the 1885 general election by Accrington (UK Parliament constituency). The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 (48 & 49 Vict c 23 was a piece of British Electoral reform legislation that redistributed the seats in the House Results |} Total votes cast 4638235 All parties shown Voting summary Seats summary See also Accrington was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 to 1983 This seat was abolished in the 1983 general election and replaced with the present constituency of Hyndburn (UK Parliament constituency). Hyndburn is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The Borough of Hyndburn currently has a Conservative majority under the leadership of Peter Britcliffe. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Hyndburn consists of 16 wards of 35 councillors. Due to its size Accrington is represented by a number of wards in the Borough of Hyndburn. Hyndburn is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Chiefly consisting of Milnshaw, Peel, Central, Barnfield and Spring Hill. Although some parts of these wards do not belong to Accrington proper and some outside parts of the larger conurbation fall within them.

Accrington became incorporated as a municipal borough in 1878. Municipal boroughs were a type of Local government which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974 in Northern Ireland from 1840 to Under the Local Government Act 1972, since 1974, the town has formed part of the larger Borough of Hyndburn including the former Urban Districts of Oswaldtwistle, Church, Clayton-le-Moors, Great Harwood and Rishton. The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales Hyndburn is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. In the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, an urban district was a type of Local government district that covered an Urbanised area Oswaldtwistle (pronounced 'Oswald-twistle' is a town on the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in Lancashire, 3 miles east-south-east of Blackburn. Church is a large Village in Hyndburn, Lancashire, England; situated a mile west of Accrington. Clayton-le-Moors is a township in Hyndburn in Lancashire, England, a suburb of Accrington. Great Harwood is a small town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England. Rishton is a small town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England, about 2 miles west of Clayton-le-Moors and 4 miles east of

Education

The schools of Accrington include:

Accrington Acorn PHCC under construction
Accrington Acorn PHCC under construction

Health

The local hospital is Accrington Victoria Hospital however, as it only deals with minor issues, A&E is provided by the Royal Blackburn Hospital. A hospital is an institution for Health care providing treatment by specialised staff and equipment and often but not always providing for Other services are provided at the Accrington Pals Primary Health Care Centre and the Accrington Acorn Primary Health Care Centre. Some wards in Accrington rank amongst the most deprived in terms of healthcare and life expectancy in the country. According to the 1991 census 28% of houses in the borough were considered 'unfit', chiefly those in Accrington and Church. A current urban regeneration scheme, Elevate East Lancashire, is attempting to remedy these problems.

Media

The chief publications in the area are the Accrington Observer and the Lancashire Telegraph.

Sports

The town's other famous association is with Accrington Stanley F.C.[3], the butt of many (largely affectionate) jokes. Accrington Stanley was a football club from Accrington in Lancashire, in the north-west of England formed in 1891. The club's name is often invoked as a symbol of British sport's legion of plucky but hopeless causes (much like British ski-jumping's 'heroic failure' Eddie 'the Eagle' Edwards). Michael Edwards (born 5 December 1963) better known as Eddie "The Eagle" Edwards, was the first competitor to represent Great Britain The club entered the Football League in 1921 with the formation of the old Third Division (North); after haunting the lower reaches of English football for forty years, they eventually resigned from the League in 1962, due to financial problems, and folded in 1965. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs The Third Division North of The Football League was a level in English association football, which ran parallel to Third Division South from The club was reformed for the 1968/69 season and then worked their way through the 'non-league' divisions to reach the Nationwide Conference in 2003 and in the 2005-06 season Accrington Stanley, after winning against Woking with 3 matches to spare, secured a place back in the Football League and the town celebrated with a small parade and honours places on senior executives of the team. Organisation The Football Conference stands at the top of the National League System (NLS a comprehensive structure linking together over 50 different leagues under the Accrington Stanley Football Club is an English football club from Accrington in Lancashire, in the north-west of England formed in 1968 The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs Coincidentally, one of the teams relegated - and thus being replaced by Stanley - were Oxford United F.C., who were voted into the Football League to replace the previous Accrington Stanley. For the Northern Irish football club see Oxford United Stars F The football stadium is called the Fraser Eagle Stadium, with the Fraser Eagle coach & bus company, who are also sponsors of Burnley F.C., sponsoring the team. Burnley Football Club, nicknamed The Clarets, is a professional football club managed by Owen Coyle and based in Burnley, Lancashire Accrington is the smallest town in England and Wales with a Football League club. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs [4]

An earlier club, Accrington F.C., were one of the twelve founder members of the Football League in 1888. Accrington Football Club is a former English football club from Accrington, Lancashire, who were one of the founder members of The Football The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs However, their time in league football was even less successful and considerably briefer than that of Accrington Stanley: they dropped out of the league in 1893 and folded shortly afterwards due to financial problems. The town of Accrington thus has the unique 'distinction' of having lost two separate clubs from league football, over the years.

Tiffany Glass

The Haworth Art Gallery[5] in Accrington contains an outstanding collection of Tiffany glassware presented to the town by Joseph Briggs, an Accrington man who had joined Tiffany’s in the late 19th century and eventually became art director and assistant manager. The Art Nouveau vases are considered to be the most important such group in Europe. One of the most striking items is a glass mosaic exhibition piece, designed by Briggs himself and entitled "Sulphur Crested Cockatoos".

Notable residents

References

  1. ^ Census, 2001
  2. ^ Nish back for Accy
  3. ^ Accrington Stanley F.C.
  4. ^ Towns Represented in League Two 2007-8
  5. ^ Haworth Art Gallery

Further reading

External links

Dictionary

Accrington

-proper noun

  1. a place name
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