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Abu Dhabi
أبو ظبي
—  city  —
City of Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi's skyline from Marina Mall
Abu Dhabi's skyline from Marina Mall
Flag of Abu Dhabi
Flag
Abu Dhabi (UAE)
Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi
Location of Abu Dhabi in the UAE
Coordinates: 24°28′N 54°22′E / 24.467, 54.367
Emirate Abu Dhabi
Government
 - Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan
Area
 - Total 67,340 km² (26,000. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status An emirate is a political territory that is ruled by a dynastic Arab Monarch styled Emir. Abu Dhabi, officially the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, (إمارة أبو ظبي, literally "Father of Gazelle " is one of seven emirates that Sheikh, also rendered as Sheik, Cheikh, Shaikh, and other variants ( Arabic:, shaykh Khalifa bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (خليفة بن زايد بن سلطان النهيان referred to either as Sheikh Nahyan or Sheikh Khalifa is the current Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of sq mi)
Population (2007)
 - Total 1, 463, 491
 - Density 293. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 94/km² (761. 3/sq mi)

Abu Dhabi (Arabic: أبو ظبيtransliteration: abū ẓābī, literally Father of gazelle) is the capital and second most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), after Dubai. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Different approaches and methods for the Romanization of Arabic exist A GAZelle (ГАЗе́ль is a series of mid-sized Trucks Vans and Buses made by Russian car manufacturer GAZ. Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE It is also the seat of government of the emirate of Abu Dhabi. An emirate is a political territory that is ruled by a dynastic Arab Monarch styled Emir. Abu Dhabi, officially the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, (إمارة أبو ظبي, literally "Father of Gazelle " is one of seven emirates that Abu Dhabi lies on a T-shaped island jutting into the Persian Gulf from the central western coast. The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the Approximately 1,000,000 people live in Abu Dhabi as of 2008, of whom 80% were expatriates. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common An expatriate (in abbreviated form expat) is a person temporarily or permanently residing in a country and culture other than that of the person's upbringing One of the world's largest producers of oil, Abu Dhabi has actively attempted to diversify its economy in recent years through investments in financial services and tourism. Financial services refer to services provided by the finance industry. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Abu Dhabi is ruled by Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, who is also the President of the UAE. Khalifa bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (خليفة بن زايد بن سلطان النهيان referred to either as Sheikh Nahyan or Sheikh Khalifa is the current

Contents

History

Parts of Abu Dhabi were settled in the 3rd millennium BC and its early history fits the nomadic herding and fishing pattern typical of the broader region. The 3rd millennium BC spans the Early to Middle Bronze Age. It represents a period of time in which Imperialism, or the desire to conquer grew to prominence Modern Abu Dhabi traces its origins to the rise of an important tribal confederation, the Bani Yas, in the late 18th century, which also subsequently assumed control of the town of Dubai. Bani Yas is a Tribe in the United Arab Emirates. Al The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE In the 19th century the Dubai and Abu Dhabi branches parted ways. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar

Into the mid-20th century, the economy of Abu Dhabi continued to be sustained mainly by camel herding, production of dates and vegetables at the inland oases of Al Ain and Liwa Oasis, and fishing and pearl diving off the coast of Abu Dhabi city, which was occupied mainly during the summer months. Camels are Even-toed ungulates within the Genus Camelus. The Dromedary, one-humped or Arabian camel has a single hump and the The Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera) is a palm in the genus Phoenix, extensively cultivated for its edible Fruit. In Geography, an oasis (plural oases) or Cienega ( Southwestern United States) is an isolated area of vegetation in a Desert, typically Al Ain ( Arabic: العين,, literally The Spring) is the fourth largest city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE The Liwa Oasis ( واحة ليوا in Arabic) is a large Oasis area in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. A pearl is a hard roundish object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled Mollusk. Most dwellings in Abu Dhabi city were, at this time constructed of palm fronds (barasti), with the wealthier families occupying mud huts. Arecaceae or Palmae (also known by the name Palmaceae, which is taxonomically invalid or commonly palm tree) the palm family is a family of Flowering A mudbrick is a firefree Brick made of Clay, or mud mixed with a binding material such as rice husks or straw The growth of the cultured pearl industry in the first half of the twentieth century created hardship for residents of Abu Dhabi as pearls represented the largest export and main source of cash earnings.

In 1939, Sheikh Shakhbut Bin-Sultan Al Nahyan granted petroleum concessions, and oil was first found in 1958. Sheikh, also rendered as Sheik, Cheikh, Shaikh, and other variants ( Arabic:, shaykh Shakhbut Bin Sultan Al Nahyan (1905&ndash February 11, 1989) was the eldest son of Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1922 Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit At first, oil money had a marginal impact. A few lowrise concrete buildings were erected, and the first paved road was completed in 1961, but Sheikh Shakbut, uncertain whether the new oil royalties would last, took a cautious approach, preferring to save the revenue rather than investing it in development. His brother, Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, saw that oil wealth had the potential to transform Abu Dhabi. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (زايد بن سلطان آل نهيان‎ (1918 &mdash 2 November 2004) the principal architect of United Arab The ruling Al Nahyan family decided that Sheikh Zayed should replace his brother as ruler and carry out his vision of developing the country. On August 6, 1966, with the assistance of the British, Sheikh Zayed became the new ruler. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located [1]

With the announcement by the UK in 1968 that it would withdraw from the Gulf area by 1971, Sheikh Zayed became the main driving force behind the formation of the United Arab Emirates.

After the Emirates gained independence in 1971, oil wealth continued to flow to the area and traditional mud-brick huts were rapidly replaced with banks, boutiques and modern highrises. A banker or bank is a Financial institution whose primary activity is to act as a payment agent for customers and to borrow and lend money A high-rise is a tall Building or structure Normally the function of the building is added for example high-rise Apartment building or

Location

Satellite image of Abu Dhabi (March 2003)
Satellite image of Abu Dhabi (March 2003)
Abu Dhabi seen from SPOT satellite
Abu Dhabi seen from SPOT satellite

The emirate of Abu Dhabi is located in the oil-rich and strategic United Arab Emirates and is an active member of the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC). The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf ( CCASG; مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية also known as the Gulf Cooperation Council It borders with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (south) and the Sultanate of Oman (east). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast The emirate borders the emirate of Dubai to its northeast. Borders define geographic boundaries of political entities or legal jurisdictions such as Governments States or subnational administrative Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE In the north is the Persian Gulf. The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the

Abu Dhabi city is on an island located less than a quarter-kilometer from the mainland and is joined to the mainland by the Maqta and Mussafah Bridges. An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant Mussafah, locally known as Mussafah Shabiya is a satellite town of Abu Dhabi. A bridge is a Structure built to span a Gorge, Valley, Road, railroad track, River, Body of water A third bridge, designed by Zaha Hadid, is currently under construction. Zaha Hadid (زها حديد CBE (born October 31 1950 Baghdad, Iraq) is a notable British Iraqi deconstructivist Architect Bridges connecting to Reem Island and Saadiyat Island are also under construction. Al Reem Island (Arabic جزيرة الريم is a residential commercial and business project on Al Reem Isle a natural island 600 meters off the coast of Abu Dhabi island Saadiyat Island (In Arabic: جزيرة سعديات meaning "Island of Happiness" is a large low lying island 500 meters off the coast of Abu Dhabi

Most of Abu Dhabi is located on the island itself, but it has many suburbs on the mainland for example: The Khalifa Cities, Between Two Bridges, Mussafah Residential and more.

Language and literature

The majority of the inhabitants of Abu Dhabi are expatriate workers from India, Pakistan, Egypt, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Philippines, the United Kingdom and various countries from across the Arab world. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Consequently, English, Tagalog, Tigrinya, Amharic, Bengali, and Urdu are widely spoken. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Tagalog is one of the major languages used in the Philippines. Tigrinya ( Ge'ez: ትግርኛ tigriññā) also spelled Tigrigna, Tigrina, less commonly Tigrinian, Tigrinyan, is Amharic (አማርኛ amarəñña) is a Semitic language spoken in North Central Ethiopia by the Amhara. Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised Apart from Hindi, the many Indian expatriates also contribute other South Asian languages to the cultural milieu, including Malayalam, widely spoken in Kerala. Not to be confused with the Malay language. Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is a Dravidian language used Kerala ( Malayalam: {{Kerala in Malayalam}};

The native-born population are Arabic-speaking Gulf Arabs who are part of a clan-based society. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding The Al Nahyan family, part of the al-Falah branch of the Bani Yas clan, rules the emirate and has a central place in society.

Current ruler

Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan is the hereditary ruler of Abu Dhabi (UAE). Khalifa bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (خليفة بن زايد بن سلطان النهيان referred to either as Sheikh Nahyan or Sheikh Khalifa is the current He is the son of Sheikh Zayed Al Nahyan, the first president of the United Arab Emirates.

Economy

Marina Mall.
Marina Mall.

Abu Dhabi is the wealthiest emirate of the UAE in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and per capita income. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country The average net worth for Abu Dhabi's 420,000 citizens is AED 62 million (US$ 17 million), and more than $1 trillion is invested worldwide in this city alone. The dirham (درهم ( sign: دإ; code: AED) is the currency of the United Arab Emirates. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been The Gross Domestic Product per capita also reached $63,000 [2], which is far above the average income of the United Arab Emirates and which ranks third in the world after Luxembourg and Norway. Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head with Per meaning 'through' or 'by' Luxembourg (Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg Grand-Duché de Luxembourg Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small Landlocked country in Western Europe, bordered by Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Abu Dhabi is also planning many future projects sharing with the GCC and taking 29% of all the GCC future plannings. The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf ( CCASG; مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية also known as the Gulf Cooperation Council The United Arab Emirates is a fast-growing economy: in 2006 the per capita income grew by 9%, providing a GDP per capita of $49,700 and ranking third in the world at PPP. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head with Per meaning 'through' or 'by' Abu Dhabi plays a large role in the world economy. Abu Dhabi's sovereign wealth fund, the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA), currently estimated at US$ 875 billion, is the world's wealthiest soverign fund, in terms of total asset value. A sovereign wealth fund ( SWF) is a state-owned Investment fund composed of financial Assets such as Stocks, Bonds, The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA is a Sovereign wealth fund owned by Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been [3]

Postage stamps

Climate

Sunny/blue skies can be expected throughout the year. Now part of the United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi was formerly the largest of the seven sheikdoms which made up the Trucial States on the so-called " Pirate The months of April through September are generally hot and humid with maximum temperatures averaging above 40 °C (104°F). During this time, sandstorms also occur intermittently, in some cases reducing visibility down to a few meters.

The weather is cooler from November to March. This period also sees dense fog on some days. The oasis city of Al Ain, about 150 km away, bordering Oman, regularly records the highest summer temperatures in the country, however the dry desert air and cooler evenings make it a traditional retreat from the intense summer heat and year round humidity of the capital city. Al Ain ( Arabic: العين,, literally The Spring) is the fourth largest city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE [4]

Transport

Interior of Abu Dhabi airport.
Interior of Abu Dhabi airport.

Abu Dhabi International Airport (AUH) serves this city. Abu Dhabi International Airport ( مطار أبو ظبي الدولي) is an Airport in Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates The local time is GMT + 4 hours. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Private vehicles and taxis are the primary means of transportation in the city. There is a 2 AED pick-up fee plus 0. 50 AED per km. Public buses are available, but are not widely used. The fare starts at 2 AED and it is rare for the fare to go above 6 AED during intracity travel. There are bus routes to nearby towns such as Baniyas, Habashan and Al Ain, among others. Baniyas (بانياس is a city of northwestern Syria, located at the foot of the hill of Qalcat el-Marquab 55 km to the south of Latakia (ancient Laodicea Al Ain ( Arabic: العين,, literally The Spring) is the fourth largest city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE A service to Dubai (about 160 km away) started in 2005. Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE

City planning

The city was planned in the 1970s for an estimated maximum population of 600,000. In accordance with what was considered to be ideal urban planning at the time, the city has wide grid-pattern roads, and high-density tower blocks.

On the northerly end of the island, where the population density is highest, the main streets are lined with 20-story towers. Inside this rectangle of towers is a normal grid pattern of roads with lower density buildings (2 story villas or 6 story low-rise buildings).

Abu Dhabi city is a modern city with broad boulevards, tall office and apartment buildings, and busy shops. Principal thoroughfares are The Corniche, Airport Road, Sheikh Zayed Street, Hamdan Street and Khalifa Street.

Abu Dhabi city is known in the region for its greenery; the former desert strip today includes numerous parks and gardens.

Mail is generally delivered to post-office boxes only; however, there is door-to-door delivery for commercial organizations. There are many parks (or public gardens) throughout the city. Entrance is usually free for children, however there is often an entry fee for adults. The city has a "Corniche," or seaside promenade, about 7 kilometres (4. 3 mi) in length, with gardens, playgrounds, and a BMX/Skateboard ring.

The design of the inner city roads and main roads are quite organised. All horizontal streets (starting from Corniche street, St. # 1) are odd and the verticals are evenly numbered. So Corniche is Street #1, Khalifa is Street # 3, Hamdan is Street # 5, and so on. While Salam Street is St # 8. [5]

Abu Dhabi has since brought former Vancouver city planner Larry Beasley onboard to help oversee their urban development. Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal Larry Beasley CM, was recently Co-Director of Planning for the City Of Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada.

Planning problems

A street in Abu Dhabi city.
A street in Abu Dhabi city.

Future development

New developments on islands surrounding the city plan to increase the population of the city by up to 2,600,000.

The government of Abu Dhabi has announced plans to fund a campus for New York University, the first of its kind to be established by a major US research university outside of the United States. New York University ( NYU) is a private, Nonsectarian, Coeducational Research University in New York City. The university is expected to receive students by 2010. [6]

Major projects

Culture and the arts

Abu Dhabi is trying to position itself as the "Cultural hub" of the Middle East, taking this mantle from such neighboring cities as Beirut and Cairo. The Qasr al-Hosn ( قصر الحصن) is the oldest stone building in the city of Abu Dhabi, capital of the United Arab Emirates. The Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation was founded in 1981 as a center of art and learning Saadiyat Island (In Arabic: جزيرة سعديات meaning "Island of Happiness" is a large low lying island 500 meters off the coast of Abu Dhabi Al Lulu Island (جزيرة اللؤلؤ is a 1050-acre man-made island off the coast of Abu Dhabi island Al Reem Island (Arabic جزيرة الريم is a residential commercial and business project on Al Reem Isle a natural island 600 meters off the coast of Abu Dhabi island Al Raha is an area of land development in Abu Dhabi generally in Khalifa City A to the north-east of the Capital that flanks the coast with waterfront access along Yas Island (جزيرة ياس is one of the largest natural islands in Abu Dhabi. Masdar (مصدر, literally the source) is a planned city in Abu Dhabi, in the United Arab Emirates. Beirut (بيروت Bayrūt) is the Capital and Largest city of Lebanon with a population of over 2 Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt. It is home to a number of cultural institutions including the Cultural Foundation and the National Theater. The Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation was founded in 1981 as a center of art and learning The Cultural Foundation is home to the UAE Public Library and Cultural Center. This building is actually three buildings a 1000000 volume National Library a performance auditorium and a Conference/Exhibit Center Various cultural societies such as the Abu Dhabi Classical Music Society have a strong and visible following in the city. The recently launched Emirates Foundation makes grants in support of the arts, as well as to advance science and technology, education, environmental protection and social development. Emirates Foundation is an Abu Dhabi -based Foundation (charity established by Amiri decree in 2005 by order of His Highness Sheikh IPAF, the International Prize for Arabic Fiction, will be based in Abu Dhabi. The International Prize for Arabic Fiction (IPAF is a prestigious literary prize managed in association with the Booker Prize Foundation in London and supported by the

Education

Abu Dhabi is home to several international and local private schools and universities.

Primary and secondary schools

Skill Development Institutes

Colleges and universities

See also

References

  1. ^ Al-Fahim, M, From Rags to Riches: A Story of Abu Dhabi, Chapter Six (London Centre of Arab Studies, 1995), ISBN 1-900404-00-1. Sheikh Zayed Mosque is the third largest Mosque in the world, located in Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates. The Emirates Palace (Arabic قصر الإمارات is a luxury Hotel located in the United Arab Emirates (UAE city of Abu Dhabi. Al Ain ( Arabic: العين,, literally The Spring) is the fourth largest city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE Marawah may refer to Marawah Libya Marawah United Arab Emirates Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE Railways 0 km Dubai - Construction work on the red and green lines of the Dubai Metro network has already started with the new addition
  2. ^ Abu Dhabi's GDP per capita reaches $ 63,000
  3. ^ Asset-backed insecurity. The Economist. Jan 17, 2008
  4. ^ Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. BBC Weather.
  5. ^ Google Map of Abu Dhabi. Google Maps.
  6. ^ NYU Abu Dhabi gets green light there..
  7. ^ Guggenheim Museum press release
  8. ^ Grapeshisha: Saadiyat's 7 districts..
  9. ^ MIT, Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company sign cooperative agreement. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2007-02-26). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Retrieved on 2007-05-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following

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