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A. P. de Candolle
A. P. de Candolle
A. P. de Candolle
Born February 04, 1778
Geneva, Switzerland
Died September 09, 1841
Nationality Switzerland
Fields Botanist
Notable awards Royal Medal(1833)

Augustin Pyramus de Candolle also spelt Augustin Pyrame de Candolle (February 4, 1778 - September 9, 1841) was a botanist. Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Year 1778 ( MDCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian For the game see 1841 (board game. Year 1841 ( MDCCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Botany, plant science(s, phytology, or plant biology is a branch of Biology and is the scientific study of plant Life The Royal Medals of the Royal Society of London, also as The Queen's Medals were established by King George IV. Year 1833 ( MDCCCXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Year 1778 ( MDCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian For the game see 1841 (board game. Year 1841 ( MDCCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link The author abbreviation used in citing plant names he published is "DC. In Botanical nomenclature, author citation refers to citing the person (or group of people who validly published a Botanical name, i A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN and if the plant is a Cultigen, the ".

He originated the idea of "Nature's war", which influenced Charles Darwin. Charles Robert Darwin (February 12 1809 &ndash April 19 1882 was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all Species of life [1]

Contents

Early life

Although de Candoll was descended from one of the ancient families of the Provence, he was born in Geneva as religious persecution had forced his ancestors to leave their native country in the middle of the 16th century. Provence ( Provençal Occitan: Provença in classical norm or Prouvènço in Mistralian norm is a region of southeastern France Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking

Despite being a sickly boy he showed great aptitude for study, and distinguished himself at school by his rapid attainments in classical and general literature, and specially by a faculty for writing elegant verse. He began his scientific studies at the college of Geneva, where the teaching of J. P. E. Vaucher first inspired him with the determination to make botanical science the chief pursuit of his life.

Career in botany

In 1796 he moved to Paris. His first productions, Plantarum historia succulentarum (4 vols. , 1799) and Astragalogia (1802), brought him to the notice of Georges Cuvier, for whom he acted as deputy at the College de France in 1802, and of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who afterwards entrusted him with the publication of the third edition of the Flore française (1803-1815). Baron Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier ( August 23 1769 &ndash May 13, 1832) was a French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet Chevalier de Lamarck ( August 1, 1744 &ndash December 18, 1829) was a French Soldier The "Principes élémentaires de botanique", printed as the introduction to this work, contained the first exposition of his principles of classification, following a natural method as opposed to the artificial, Linnaean method. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for

In 1804 he was granted the degree of doctor of medicine by the medical faculty of Paris, and published his Essai sur les propriétés médicales des plantes, and soon after, in 1806, his Synopsis plantarum in flora Gallica descriptarum. At the request of the French government he spent the summers of the following six years in making a botanical and agricultural survey of the entire country, the results of which were published in 1813. In 1807 he was appointed professor of botany in the medical faculty of the university of Montpellier, to transfer in 1810 to the newly founded chair of botany in the faculty of sciences in the same university. Montpellier ( Occitan Montpelhièr) is a City in the south of France.

From Montpellier, where he published his Théorie élémentaire de la botanique (Elementary Theory of Botany, 1813), he moved back to Geneva in 1816 and in the following year was invited by the government of the Canton of Geneva to fill the newly created chair of natural history. The rest of his life was spent in an attempt to elaborate and complete his natural system of botanical classification. The results of his labours were initially published in his Regni vegetabilis systema naturale, but only two volumes were completed (1821) when he found that it would be impossible for him to complete this, at the chosen, extensive scale. Accordingly, in 1824 he began a less extensive work of the same kind, the Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, but even of this he was able to finish only seven volumes, or two-thirds of the whole. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, also known by its standard botanical abbreviation Prodr He had been in delicate health for several years when he died at Geneva.

Nature's war

He was the first to put forward the idea of "Nature's war",[1] writing of plants being "at war one with another" with the meaning of different species fighting each other for space. [2]

Charles Darwin studied de Candolle's "natural system" of classification in 1826 when at the University of Edinburgh,[3] and in the inception of Darwin's theory in 1838 he considered "the warring of the species", adding that it was even more strongly conveyed by Thomas Malthus, producing the pressures that Darwin later called natural selection. Charles Robert Darwin (February 12 1809 &ndash April 19 1882 was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all Species of life The University of Edinburgh (Oilthigh Dhùn Èideann founded in 1582 is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. The inception of Darwin's theory began with his search to explain contradictions in contemporary theories of organic development as well as religious explanations Thomas Robert Malthus FRS (13 February 1766 – 23 December 1834 was an English political economist and demographer who expressed views Natural selection is the process by which favorable Heritable traits become more common in successive Generations of a Population of [2] In 1839 de Candolle visited Britain and Darwin gave him dinner, getting the opportunity to discuss the idea. [1]


Alphonse de Candolle

His son was Alphonse de Candolle (1806-1893), who eventually succeeded to his father's chair and continued the Prodromus. The father is also remembered in the genera Candollea and Candolleodendron. The genus Stylidium (also known as triggerplants or trigger plants) are a group of Dicotyledonous Plants that belong to the family

References

  1. ^ a b c Desmond & Moore 1991, p.  283
  2. ^ a b Desmond & Moore 1991, p.  265
  3. ^ Desmond & Moore 1991, p.  43

External links

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