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Millennia: 1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium

The second millennium is a period of time which commenced on January 1, 1001 and ended on December 31, 2000 of the Gregorian calendar. A millennium (pl millennia) is a period of Time equal to one thousand Years (from Latin la mille, thousand and la annum The first millennium is a period of time that commenced on January 1, 1, and ended on December 31, 1000, of the Julian calendar. The third millennium is a period of time that commenced on January 1, 2001, and will end on December 31, 3000, of the Gregorian calendar New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today This is the second period of one thousand years in the Common Era.

This millennium is perhaps more popularly (albeit incorrectly) thought of as beginning and ending a year earlier, thus starting at the beginning of 1000 and finishing at the end of 1999. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) The inaccuracy stems from the assumption that there is a year zero, however this is not the case for this calendar. There is no year zero in the widely used Gregorian calendar, nor in its predecessor the Julian calendar.

Contents

Summary

The 2nd millennium encompasses the High Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Early Modern Age, the age of Colonialism, Industrialisation, the rise of nation states and democracy, and culminates in the 20th century with the impact of science, widespread education, and universal healthcare and vaccinations in many nations. The High Middle Ages was the period of European history in the 11th 12th and 13th centuries (AD 1000&ndash1299 The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere The early modern period is a term used by historians to refer to the period in Western '''Europe''' and its first colonies which spans the three centuries between See Colony and Colonization for examples of colonialism which do not refer to Western colonialism is a process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a Pre-industrial society into an industrial one For the online game see Jennifer Government NationStates. The nation-state is a certain form of State that derives its legitimacy Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system The twentieth century of the Common Era began on Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Vaccination is the administration of Antigenic material (the Vaccine) to produce immunity to a disease The centuries of expanding large-scale warfare with high-tech weaponry (of the World Wars and nuclear bombs) are offset by growing peace movements from the United Nations, the Peace Corps, religious campaigns warning "violence begets violence" (Christianity, etc. High tech is Technology that is at the cutting edge —the most advanced technology currently available A weapon is a Tool used either in Hunting, or attack or defence in Combat for the purpose of subduing enemy personnel or to destroy enemy weapons A world war is a War affecting the majority of the world's most powerful and populous nations A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. A peace movement is a Social movement that seeks to achieve ideals such as the ending of a particular war (or all wars minimize inter-human violence in a particular place or The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security The Peace Corps is an independent United States federal agency. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings ), plus doctors/healthworkers crossing borders to reduce injuries or disease, and the return of the Olympics as contest without combat. A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health A nurse is responsible—along with other Health care Professionals —for the treatment safety and recovery of acutely or chronically A disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions and can be deadly The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games

From the 16th century, major population movements had set in, initially from Europe and Africa (via Atlantic slave trade) to the New World, with subsequent increased migration from Asia to the Americas, beginning the ever-accelerating process of globalization. Human migration denotes any movement by Humans from one locality to another sometimes over long distances or The Atlantic Slave trade, also known as the transatlantic slave trade, was the trade of African people supplied to the Colonies of the New World The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth specifically the Americas and Australia. The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America Globalization (or globalisation) in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local or regional phenomena into global ones

Scientists (with Einstein) prevail in explaining intellectual freedom, and new technology is developed by governments, industry, and academia across the world, with education shared by many international conferences and journals. Albert Einstein ( German: ˈalbɐt ˈaɪ̯nʃtaɪ̯n; English: ˈælbɝt ˈaɪnstaɪn (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955 was a German -born theoretical Political freedom is the absence of interference with the sovereignty of an individual by the use of coercion or aggression An academic conference is a conference for Researchers (not always Academics to present and Discuss their work A journal (through French from late Latin diurnalis, daily has several related meanings a daily record of events or business a private The development of moveable type, radio, television, and the Internet spread information worldwide, within minutes, in audio, video, and print-image format to educate, entertain, and alert billions of people by the end of the 20th century. Movable type is the system of Printing and Typography that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual letters or punctuation Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks Video is the technology of electronically capturing, Recording, processing storing transmitting and reconstructing a sequence of Still images Printing is a process for reproducing text and image typically with ink on Paper using a printing press The twentieth century of the Common Era began on

As information spread, sophisticated stealth monitoring groups expanded to check access to dangerous technology, and many products became manufactured with built-in chemical indicators, micro-printing, or GPS/radio-locators to back-trace the origin or routing of those products. Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Printing is a process for reproducing text and image typically with ink on Paper using a printing press Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth

The interwoven international trade led to the formation of multi-national corporations, with home offices in multiple countries. Commerce is a division of trade or production which deals with the exchange of goods and services from producer to final consumer Multinational corporation ( MNC) or transnational corporation ( TNC) is a Corporation or enterprise that manages Production or delivers International business ventures reduced the impact of nationalism in popular thought. The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation

The world population doubled over the first seven centuries of the millennium, (from 310 million in AD 1000 to 600 million in AD 1700), and later increased tenfold over its last three centuries, rising to 6070 million in AD 2000. The world population is the total number of living Humans on Earth at a given time

Some significant persons

1001–1500

1500–1800

19th century

20th century

Inventions, discoveries, and introductions

Centuries and decades

11th century 1000s 1010s 1020s 1030s 1040s 1050s 1060s 1070s 1080s 1090s
12th century 1100s 1110s 1120s 1130s 1140s 1150s 1160s 1170s 1180s 1190s
13th century 1200s 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s 1290s
14th century 1300s 1310s 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s 1360s 1370s 1380s 1390s
15th century 1400s 1410s 1420s 1430s 1440s 1450s 1460s 1470s 1480s 1490s
16th century 1500s 1510s 1520s 1530s 1540s 1550s 1560s 1570s 1580s 1590s
17th century 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s 1680s 1690s
18th century 1700s 1710s 1720s 1730s 1740s 1750s 1760s 1770s 1780s 1790s
19th century 1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s
20th century 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s
Negro is a term referring to people of Black African ancestry As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another Capitalism is the Economic system in which the Means of production are owned by private Persons and operated for Profit and where Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution Universal suffrage (also universal adult suffrage, general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of the right to vote to TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A  parliament is a Legislature, especially in those Sovereignty is the exclusive Right to control a Government, a country, a people or oneself The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another History First orbital flights The first successful orbital launch was of the Soviet unmanned Sputnik The bicycle, cycle, or bike is a pedal-driven, human-powered vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind A steam engine is a Heat engine that performs Mechanical work using Steam as its Working fluid. A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts Thermal energy from pressurized Steam, and converts it into useful mechanical work The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the Combustion of Fuel and an Oxidizer (typically air occurs in a confined space called a "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called the Space Transportation System ( STS) is the Spacecraft currently used by the United States This article is about artificial satellites For natural satellites also known as moons see Natural satellite. A space station is an artificial structure designed for Humans to live in Outer space. Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth War is an international relations Dispute, characterized by organized Violence between National Military units The modern Mongol bow is a recurved composite bow used by the Mongols and renowned for its power accuracy and range To see other senses of this word see Longbow (disambiguation. A rocket or rocket vehicle is a Missile, Aircraft or other Vehicle which obtains Thrust by the reaction of the Gunpowder is a an explosive mixture of Sulfur, Charcoal and Potassium nitrate (also known as saltpetre/saltpeter that burns rapidly producing volumes An aircraft carrier is a Warship designed with A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability Mechanization or mechanisation ( BE) is providing human operators with machinery to assist them with the physical requirements of work A firearm is a Tool that projects either single or multiple Projectiles at high velocity through a controlled explosion As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system Events and Trends The Golden Age of Piracy (1700-1730 was rife in the Caribbean influencing trade in the world's main centres Events and trends Manufacture of the earliest surviving Pianos World leaders Louis XV King of France Events and trends The Great Awakening - A Protestant religious movement active in the British colonies of North America Events and trends Frederick II ascends the throne of Prussia, upon the death of his father " Frederick William I of Prussia " Events and Trends Scientific Navigation is developed The Seven Years' War ( 1756 - 1763) fought between two rival alliances Events and Trends King George III ascends the British throne in 1760. Events and trends For more events see 18th century United States Declaration of Independence ratified by the Continental Congress Events and trends 1783 First manned Hot air balloon invented in France. Events and trends French Revolution ( 1789 - 1799) It is considered to have effectively ended on November 9, 1799 when The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Events and Trends End of the Napoleonic Wars in Europe (1803 - 1815 Events and trends Nationalistic independence helped reshape the world during this decade Greece gains independence from the Ottoman Empire Events and trends Electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday. Events and trends Technology First use of General anesthesia in an operation by Crawford Long. Events and Trends Industry Production of Steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman Events and trends Technology The First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA was completed in 1869 Events and Trends Technology The invention of the prototype telephone by Alexander G Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of Electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the " Mauve Decade" because William Henry Perkin 's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that The twentieth century of the Common Era began on The 1910s decade ran from January 1 1910 through December 31 1919 The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949 Events and trends The 1940s was a period between the radical 1930s and the conservative 1950s which also leads the period to be The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999
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