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Games of the IV Olympiad
Games of the IV Olympiad
Host city London, United Kingdom
Nations participating 22
Athletes participating 2,008
(1,971 men, 37 women,)
Events 110 in 22 sports
Opening ceremony April 27
Closing ceremony October 31
Officially opened by King Edward VII
Stadium White City Stadium

The 1908 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the IV Olympiad, were celebrated in 1908 in London. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Olympic sports comprise all the Sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse The Olympic Stadium is the name usually given to the big centrepiece Stadium of the Summer Olympic Games. White City Stadium (originally The Great Stadium) was built in White City, London, for the 1908 Summer Olympics. Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. These games were originally scheduled to be held in Rome. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 At the time they were the fifth modern Olympic games. The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games However, the Athens Games of 1906 have since been downgraded by the International Olympic Committee and the 1908 Games are seen as the start of the Fourth Olympiad, in keeping with the now-accepted four-year cycle. An Olympiad is a period of four years associated with the Olympic Games of Classical Greece. The Intercalated Olympic Games were to be a series of International Olympic Games half-way between what we now call Games of the Olympiad. The IOC president for this games was Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Pierre de Frédy Baron de Coubertin (1 January 1863 &ndash 2 September 1937 was a French Pedagogue and historian who is best known as the founder of the

Italian authorities were preparing to hold the games when Mount Vesuvius erupted on April 7, 1906, devastating Naples. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Mount Vesuvius (in Italian Monte Vesuvio and in Latin Mons Vesuvius) is an active Stratovolcano east of Naples Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Funds were diverted to the reconstruction of Naples, so a new venue was required. London was selected, and the games were held in White City alongside the Franco-British Exhibition, at the time the more noteworthy event. White City is a place in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, to the north of Shepherd's Bush. The Franco-British Exhibition (1908 was a large public fair which took place in London, United Kingdom in the early years of the 20th Century Berlin and Milan were other candidates. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy.

The White City Stadium, built in short time for the games, held 68,000 and was considered by some a technological marvel. White City Stadium (originally The Great Stadium) was built in White City, London, for the 1908 Summer Olympics. The distance from the start of the Marathon to the finish at the stadium was established at this games; 42. The marathon is a long-distance foot race with an official distance of 42 195km (26 miles 385 yards). The start line was moved to allow the Royal Family a good view.

The games were surrounded by controversy. On opening day, following the practice introduced at the Intercalated Games of 1906, teams paraded behind national flags. A national flag is a Flag that symbolises a country The flag is flown by the government but usually can be flown by Citizens of that country as well However, the arrangement caused complications:

The 1908 Olympics also prompted establishment of standard rules for sports, and selection of judges from different countries rather than just the host. One reason was the 400 metre run in which the US winner was accused of interfering with the British runner. Part of the problem was the different definition of interference under British and US rules. The race was re-run, but the Americans refused to participate. The British runner, Wyndham Halswelle, won by running around the track on his own because three of the four original runners had been American. Wyndham Halswelle ( 30 May 1882 – 31 March 1915) was a British athlete, winner of the controversial 400m race at

Dorando Pietri finishes the marathon.
Dorando Pietri finishes the marathon.
The medal of the 1908 British Olympic Council.
The medal of the 1908 British Olympic Council.

The most famous incident of the games came at the end of the marathon. The marathon is a long-distance foot race with an official distance of 42 The first to enter the stadium, Dorando Pietri of Italy, collapsed several times and ran the wrong way. Dorando Pietri, often wrongly spelled Petri ( October 16, 1885 - February 7, 1942) was an Italian athlete famous for his Not far from the finish, two officials took him by the arms and brought him to the line. As a consequence, after crossing the line he was disqualified. The medal went to American Johnny Hayes who was second but the glory went to Pietri. John ("Johnny" Joseph Hayes ( April 10, 1886 &ndash August 25, 1965) was an American athlete, a member Since he had not been responsible for his disqualification, Queen Alexandra next day awarded him a gold cup. Alexandra of Denmark (Alexandra Carolina Marie Charlotte Louise Julia 1 December 1844 – 20 November 1925 was Queen Consort to Edward VII of the United Kingdom

These Games were the first to include wWinter events, as had originally been proposed for the Games. There were four figure skating events, although months after other events. Figure skating is an athletic Sport in which individuals pairs or groups perform spins, jumps, footwork and other intricate and challenging

For the first time the Olympic creed that "the most important thing in the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part" was publicly proclaimed, and its creator, a bishop from Pennsylvania, uttered it at a mass at St. Paul's Cathedral on July 19. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern St Paul's Cathedral, is the Anglican Cathedral on Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, and the seat of the Bishop of London. Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic.

Oscar Swahn from Sweden, who won the gold medal for running deer shooting, became the oldest Olympic champion of all time, and set another age record by being 72 years and 279 days old during his triumph at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. Oscar Gomer Swahn ( October 20, 1847 &ndash May 1, 1927) was a Swedish shooter who competed at three Olympic "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The 1920 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1920 ||-||-||-||} Antwerp ( Dutch:, French: Anvers) is a City and Municipality in Belgium and the capital of the

Serbia and Montenegro were still not Olympic participants and the first athlete from these parts of Europea to win an Olympic gold was a British water polo player and swimmer, Paul Radmilović, originally from Boka Kotorska and Dubrovnik. The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (Државна заједница Србија и Црна Гора / Državna zajednica Srbija i Crna Gora, abbreviated History The nearby hamlet of Risan was a thriving Illyrian city called Rhizon as early as 229 BC and gave its name to the bay then known as Rhizonicus ||-||-||-||-||-||-||} Dubrovnik (ˈdǔbro̞ːʋniːk Dalmatian: Ragusa; Latin: Ragusium, also Rhausium, Rhaugia; Nicknamed Pavao, he was a member of the champion water polo team and the best 4 x 200m freestyle relay. He also won gold in water polo in Stockholm (1912) and in Antwerp (1920).

The budget of the organizing committee showed a cost of GB£15,000; over one-third was labeled "entertainment expense". The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency Donations were the major source of revenue, only 28% of income derived from ticket sales. Total receipts of £21,377 resulted in organizers claiming a profit. Construction of the White City Stadium, which cost the government about £60,000, was not counted. White City Stadium (originally The Great Stadium) was built in White City, London, for the 1908 Summer Olympics. [2]

Contents

Sports

22 sports, representing 24 sporting disciplines, were contested. Swimming, diving and water polo are considered three disciplines of the same sport, aquatics. At the time, tug-of-war was part of athletics and the two different football codes (association and rugby (union)) were listed together. Football is the word given to a number of similar Team sports all of which involve (to varying degrees kicking a Ball with the foot in an attempt to score a Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Rugby football (usually just " rugby " may refer to a number of sports through history descended from a common form of Football developed at Rugby School The International Olympic Committee now considers tug-of-war a separate sport, as well as referring to association football as simply "football" and to rugby union as "rugby". [3]

Participating nations

participants
participants

The 1908 Games featured athletes representing 22 National Olympic Committees. At the 1908 Summer Olympics, three Archery events were contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics held in London England twenty-six Athletics (track and field events were contested all for men only At the 1908 Summer Olympics, five Boxing events were contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics, seven Track cycling events were contested all for men only At the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, two Diving events were contested both for men only At the 1908 Summer Olympics, four Fencing events were contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, four Figure skating events were contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England, an official football tournament was contested for the first time At the 1908 Summer Olympics, two Gymnastics events were contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics, a Field hockey tournament was contested for the first time Jeu de paume was an event contested at the 1908 Summer Olympics. At the 1908 Summer Olympics, a Lacrosse event was contested It was the second appearance of the sport on the Olympic programme At the 1908 Summer Olympics, a Polo tournament was contested It was the second time the sport had been featured at the Olympics with 1900 being its first appearance At the 1908 Summer Olympics, two rackets events were contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics, four rowing events were contested all for men only Rugby union was played at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. At the 1908 Summer Olympics, four Sailing events were contested Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London saw fifteen shooting events At the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, six Swimming events were contested Six Tennis events were contested at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. At the 1908 Summer Olympics, a Tug of war tournament was contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics, three Motorboat racing events were contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics, a Water polo tournament was contested At the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, nine wrestling events were contested all for men National Olympic Committees (or NOCs) are the national constituents of the worldwide Olympic movement Finland, Turkey, and New Zealand (as part of the team from Australasia) made their first appearance at the Olympic Games. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Australasia is a Region of Oceania: New Zealand, Australia, Papua New Guinea, and neighbouring Islands in the Pacific

Medal count

Main article: 1908 Summer Olympics medal count

These are the top ten nations that won medals at the 1908 Games. One athlete from Argentina competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Australasia was the name of a combined team from Australia and New Zealand that competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in Austria competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Belgium competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Bohemia competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England as an independent team though it was part of Austria-Hungary Canada competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Denmark competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Finland competed at the Summer Olympic Games for the first time at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. France competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Germany competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Greece competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. The United Kingdom was the host nation of the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. Hungary competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Italy competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Athletes from the Netherlands competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Norway competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Russian Empire ( Russia) competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. South Africa competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Sweden competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. Switzerland competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. The Ottoman Empire was represented by one athlete Aleko Moullos (a Greek at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. The United States competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England.

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 Great Britain Great Britain (host nation) 56 51 39 146
2 United States United States 23 12 12 47
3 Sweden Sweden 8 6 11 25
4 France France 5 5 9 19
5 Germany Germany 3 5 5 13
6 Hungary Hungary 3 4 2 9
7 Canada Canada 3 3 10 16
8 Norway Norway 2 3 3 8
9 Italy Italy 2 2 0 4
10 Belgium Belgium 1 5 2 8

Notes

  1. ^ London Olympics 1908 & 1948
  2. ^ Zarnowski, C. The United Kingdom was the host nation of the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. The United States competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Sweden competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. France competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Germany competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Hungary competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Canada competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Norway competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Italy competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Belgium competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England. Frank (Summer 1992). "A Look at Olympic Costs". Citius, Altius, Fortius 1 (1): 16-32.  
  3. ^ Olympic Sports of the Past
  4. ^ Australasia included Australia and New Zealand.
  5. ^ The Grand Duchy of Finland was part of the Russian Empire at the time, but was treated as a separate nation. The Grand Duchy of Finland (Magnus Ducatus Finlandiæ Великое княжество Финляндское ' Velikoe knjažestvo finljandskoe) was the Predecessor The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya
  6. ^ The Netherlands was typically referred to in early Olympic competition as "Holland" though the entire nation of the Netherlands was the entity in question rather than the region of the country formally named Holland; the IOC currently refers to all entries from the nation as from "Netherlands".

See also

External links

References


Preceded by
St. Louis		 Summer Olympic Games
Host City
IV Olympiad (1908)		 Succeeded by
Stockholm


The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the III Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in St The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad are an International Multi-sport event, usually quadrennial organised by the International The 1912 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the V Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1912 in
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