Games of the III Olympiad
Host city	St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Nations participating	12
Athletes participating	651
Events	91 in 17 sports
Opening ceremony	July 1
Closing ceremony	November 23
Officially opened by	David Francis
Stadium	Francis Field

The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the III Olympiad, were celebrated in St. Louis, Missouri in the United States from July 1, 1904 to November 23, 1904, at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Olympic sports comprise all the Sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of David Francis may refer to David "Panama" Francis, American drummer David R The Olympic Stadium is the name usually given to the big centrepiece Stadium of the Summer Olympic Games. Francis Field is a Stadium at Washington University in St Louis, currently used by the University's Track and field / cross country, Football The United States of America —commonly referred to as the "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Francis Field is a Stadium at Washington University in St Louis, currently used by the University's Track and field / cross country, Football ^[1] Chicago had won the original bid to host the games, but the Louisiana Purchase Exposition would not accept another international event in the same time frame. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the Saint Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St

The organization began to plan for its own sports activities, informing the Chicago OCOG that the Exposition intended to eclipse the Olympic Games unless the games would be moved to St. Louis. Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic movement, gave in and awarded the games to St. Pierre de Frédy Baron de Coubertin (1 January 1863 &ndash 2 September 1937 was a French Pedagogue and historian who is best known as the founder of the Louis.

Organizers repeated the mistakes made at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris. The 1900 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the II Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1900 in Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Competitions were reduced to a side-show of the World's Fair and were lost in the chaos of other, more popular cultural exhibits. David Francis, the President of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, declined to invite anybody else to open the Games and, on July 1 did so himself in a scaled-down short and humdrum 'ceremony'. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song.

Officially, the games lasted for four and a half months; in fact, James Edward Sullivan tried to hold an event every day for the duration of the fair. James Edward Sullivan ( November 18, 1862 in New York City &ndash September 16, 1914) was an American sports official The Olympic events were again mixed with other sporting events, but where Paris hardly ever mentioned the Olympics, Sullivan called all his sports events "Olympic". The IOC later declared that 94 of these events were Olympic.

The participants totaled 651 athletes - 645 men and 6 women representing 12 countries. However, only 42 events (less than half) actually included athletes who were not from the United States. The actual athletics events that formed the bulk of the recognized Olympic sports were held from Monday, August 29 to Saturday, September 3rd. Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708)

Contents 1 Highlights 2 Sports 3 Participating nations 4 Medal count 5 References 6 External links

Highlights

• First games at which gold, silver and bronze medals were awarded for first, second and third place.
• European tension caused by the Russo-Japanese War and the difficulty of getting to St. The Russo-Japanese War (日露戦争 Romaji: Nichi-Ro Sensō Русско-японская война Russko-Yaponskaya Voyna;, 10 February 1904 – 5 September Louis kept many of the world's top athletes away.
• In a number of sports, because there were no competitors from other nations, the U. S. national championship was combined with the Olympic championship.
• Boxing, dumbbells, freestyle wrestling, and the decathlon made their debuts. Boxing (sometimes also known as English boxing or pugilism) is a Combat sport in which two participants generally of similar weight, A dumbbell is a piece of equipment used in Weight training, and is a type of free weight. Freestyle wrestling is a style of Amateur wrestling that is practiced throughout the world The decathlon is an Athletic event consisting of ten Track and field events
• One of the most remarkable athletes was the American gymnast George Eyser, who won six medals even though his left leg was made of wood. George Eyser (born 1871 date of death unknown was an American gymnast who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics, earning six medals including three
• Chicago runner Jim Lightbody won the steeplechase and the 800 m and then set a world record in the 1500 m. James "Jim" Davies Lightbody ( March 15, 1882 – March 2, 1953) was an American middle distance runner winner
• Harry Hillman won both the 200 m and 400 m hurdles and also the flat 400 m. Harry Livingston Hillman Jr ( September 8, 1881 &ndash August 9, 1945) was an American athlete and winner of three
• Sprinter Archie Hahn was champion in the 60 m, 100 m and 200 m. Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are roughly classified as events in which top runners will not have to "pace themselves" but can run as fast as Charles Archibald "Archie" Hahn ( September 14, 1880 &ndash January 21, 1955) was a German-American athlete, In this last race, he set a new Olympic record in 21. 6, a record that stood for 28 years.
• In the discus, after American Martin Sheridan had thrown exactly the same distance as his compatriot, Ralph Rose (39. Martin Joseph Sheridan ( March 28, 1881 &ndash March 27, 1918) was "one of the greatest athletes this country has ever known" Ralph Waldo Rose ( March 17, 1885 &ndash October 16, 1913) was an American track and field athlete. 28 m), the judges gave them both an extra throw to decide the winner. Sheridan won the decider and claimed the gold medal.
• Ray Ewry again won all three standing jumps. Raymond "Ray" Clarence Ewry ( October 14, 1873 &ndash September 29, 1937) was an American track and field athlete
• The marathon was the most bizarre event of the Games. The marathon is a long-distance foot race with an official distance of 42 It was run in brutally hot weather, over dusty roads, with horses and automobiles clearing the way and creating dust clouds.
  • The first to arrive was Frederick Lorz, who actually was just trotting back to the finish line to retrieve his clothes, after dropping out after nine miles. Frederick "Fred" Lorz (1883 &ndash February 4, 1914) was an American long distance runner who while he had some race victories is When the officials thought he had won the race, Lorz played along with his practical joke until he was found out shortly after the medal ceremony and was banned for a year by the AAU for this stunt, later winning the 1905 Boston Marathon. Official NameAmateur Athletic Union of the United States Incorporated (AAU Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon sporting event hosted by the city of Boston, Massachusetts
  • 

    Hicks and his supporters at the marathon
    Thomas Hicks (a Briton running for the United States) was the first to cross the finish-line legally, after having received several doses of strychnine sulfate mixed with brandy from his trainers. Thomas J Hicks ( January 7, 1875 &ndash December 2, 1963) was an American track and field athlete, winner of the The marathon is a long-distance foot race with an official distance of 42 Thomas J Hicks ( January 7, 1875 &ndash December 2, 1963) was an American track and field athlete, winner of the Strychnine (ˈstrɪkniːn (British US /-naɪn/ or /-nɪn/ (US He was supported by his trainers when he crossed the finish, but is still considered the winner. Hicks had to be carried off the track, and possibly would have died in the stadium, had he not been treated by several doctors.
  • A Cuban postman named Felix Carbajal joined the marathon. He had to run in street clothes that he cut around the legs to make them look like shorts. He stopped off in an orchard en route to have a snack on some apples, which turned out to be rotten. The rotten apples caused him to have to lie down and take a nap. Despite falling ill to apples he finished in fourth place.
  • The marathon included the first two black Africans to compete in the Olympics; two Tswana tribesmen named Len Tau (real name: Len Taunyane) and Yamasani (real name: Jan Mashiani). Tswana ( Setswana) is a Bantu language written in the Latin Alphabet. But they weren't there to compete in the Olympics, they were actually the sideshow. They had been brought over by the exposition as part of the Boer War exhibit (both were really students at Orange Free State in South Africa, but no one wanted to believe that these tribesmen could actually be educated, as that would have ruined the whole image). See also First Boer War,, South African Wars (1879-1915 The Second Boer War ( Dutch: Tweede Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: The Republic of the Orange Free State (Oranje-Vrystaat Dutch: Oranje-Vrijstaat) was an independent Boer republic in southern Africa The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Len Tau finished ninth and Yamasani came in twelfth. This was a disappointment, as many observers were sure Len Tau could have done better if he had not been chased nearly a mile off course by aggressive dogs.
• The top foreign athlete was Emil Rausch of Germany, who won three swimming events. Emil A Rausch ( September 11, 1883 &ndash December 14, 1954) was a German freestyle Swimmer who competed Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.
• Zoltan Halmay of Hungary and Charles Daniels of the United States each won two swimming gold medals. Zoltán Halmay ( June 18, 1881 &ndash May 20, 1956) was a Olympic swimmer from Austria-Hungary. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Charles Meldrum Daniels ( March 21, 1885 in Dayton Ohio – August 9, 1973 in Carmel Valley California) was a
• The organizers of the games held "Anthropology Days" on August 12 and 13. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid Various indigenous men from around the world, who were at the World's Fair as part of the exhibits, competed in various events for anthropologists to see how they compared to the white man.

Sports

18 disciplines, comprising 16 sports, were part of the Olympic program in 1904.

Aquatics – Diving Aquatics – Swimming Aquatics – Water polo Archery Athletics Boxing Cycling Fencing Golf

Gymnastics Lacrosse Roque Rowing Tennis Tug of war Weightlifting Wrestling

• Basketball was featured as a demonstration sport. At the 1904 Summer Olympics, in St Louis, Diving debuted as an official two-event Olympic sport, exclusive for men At the 1904 Summer Olympics, nine Swimming events were contested all for men At the 1904 Summer Olympics, a Water polo tournament was contested At the 1904 Summer Olympics in Saint Louis, six Archery events were contested of which three were men's and three were women's competitions At the 1904 Summer Olympics, twenty-five athletics events were contested all for men only At the 1904 Summer Olympics, seven Boxing events were contested At the 1904 Summer Olympics, seven Cycling events were contested At the 1904 Summer Olympics, five fencing events were contested all for men only At the 1904 Summer Olympics, two Golf events were contested &ndash men's individual and team tournaments At the 1904 Summer Olympics, eleven Gymnastics events were contested all for men only At the 1904 Summer Olympics, a Lacrosse event was contested Only three men's teams (two from Canada and one from United States of America) competed At the 1904 Summer Olympics in St Louis, a Roque tournament was contested At the 1904 Summer Olympics, five rowing events were contested Two events in Tennis were contested at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St At the 1904 Summer Olympics, a Tug of war tournament was contested At the 1904 Summer Olympics in St Louis, two Weightlifting events were contested both for men only At the 1904 Summer Olympics, seven wrestling events were contested all in the freestyle discipline for men Basketball appeared at the 1904 Summer Olympics for the first time as a demonstration sport A demonstration sport is a sport which is played in order to promote itself most commonly during the Olympic Games, but also at other sporting events
• Football was featured as a demonstration sport. At the 1904 Summer Olympics, a football event was contested Only three club teams competed A demonstration sport is a sport which is played in order to promote itself most commonly during the Olympic Games, but also at other sporting events

Participating nations

Athletes from only twelve nations competed in St. Louis. Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of known competitors for each nation.

• Australia (2)
• Austria (2)
• Canada (52)
• Cuba (3)
• France (1)
• Germany (17)
• Great Britain (3)
• Greece (14)
• Hungary (4)
• South Africa (8)
• Switzerland (1)
• United States (523)

Medal count

Main article: 1904 Summer Olympics medal count

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	United States (USA) (host nation)	79	83	80	242
2	Germany (GER)	4	4	5	13
3	Cuba (CUB)	4	2	3	9
4	Canada (CAN)	4	1	1	6
5	Hungary (HUN)	2	1	1	4
6	Great Britain (GBR)	1	1	0	2
	Mixed team (ZZX)	1	1	0	2
8	Greece (GRE)	1	0	1	2
	Switzerland (SUI)	1	0	1	2
10	Austria (AUT)	0	0	1	1

References

External links

• International Olympic Committee St Louis 1904
• The Olympic Games 1904, Charles J.P. Lucas
• Spalding's Athletic Almanac for 1905
• 1904 St. Louis Olympics Games at Useless Information
• Competitions on Anthropology Days

Preceded by Paris

Summer Olympic Games Host City III Olympiad (1904)

Succeeded by London

The 1900 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the II Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1900 in The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad are an International Multi-sport event, usually quadrennial organised by the International The 1908 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the IV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was held in 1908 in London

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