| Centuries: | 18th century - 19th century - 20th century |
| Decades: | 1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s |
| Years: | 1878 1879 1880 - 1881 - 1882 1883 1884 |
| 1881 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature (Poetry) - Music - Science |
| Sports - Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - Germany - Ireland - New Zealand - Norway - South Africa - U. The pages listed below contain information about trends and events in particular centuries and millennia. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The twentieth century of the Common Era began on See also List of centuries, History This is a list of Decades in history including links to corresponding articles with more information about them Events and Trends Industry Production of Steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman Events and trends Technology The First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA was completed in 1869 Events and Trends Technology The invention of the prototype telephone by Alexander G Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of Electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the " Mauve Decade" because William Henry Perkin 's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that The 1910s decade ran from January 1 1910 through December 31 1919 This page indexes the individual Years pages Twenty-first century Year 1878 ( MDCCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1879 ( MDCCCLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1882 ( MDCCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The year 1881 in Archaeology involved some significant events The year 1881 in architecture involved some significant events List of years in Art Events Works See also Marie Bashkirtseff - The Studio Edgar Degas - The year 1881 in Literature involved some significant new Books. Events Frederick James Furnivall founds the Browning Society Awards Works published Christina Events February 10 - Offenbach 's Tales of Hoffmann debuts in Paris November 9 - Johannes The year 1881 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Baseball Detroit replaces Cincinnati leaving Cleveland and Providence the southerly cities on the National League circuit Events January events January 17 - Regular train service over the Prince of Wales Bridge on the Québec Montréal Ottawa and See also 1880 in Australia, other events of 1881, 1882 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. See also 1880 in Canada, other events of 1881, 1882 in Canada and the Timeline of Canadian history. Events 16 January - The lowest temperature ever recorded in Ireland, -19 Incumbents Regal and Vice Regal Head of State - Queen Victoria Governor – The Hon See also 1880 in South Africa, other events of 1881, 1882 in South Africa and the Timeline of South African history. S. - UK |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Births - Deaths - Works |
Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). Incumbents Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom Prime Minister - William Gladstone, Liberal 1880 state leaders - Events of 1881 - 1882 state leaders - State leaders by year ---- Portugal Angola - António Eleutério Dantas, Governor-General of Angola ( 1880 - 1882) Roman numerals are a Numeral system originating in ancient Rome, adapted from Etruscan numerals. This is the Calendar for any Common year starting on Saturday ( Dominical letter B) The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today This is the Calendar for any Common year starting on Thursday ( Dominical letter D) The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 Ab urbe condita
Contents |
Events of 1881
January - March
- January 16-January 24 - Siege of Geok Tepe - Russian troops under general Skobeleff defeat Turkomans. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Geok-Tepe (or Geok Depe) is a former Fortress of the Turkmens, in Turkmenistan, in the oasis of Akhal-tekke, on the Transcaspian Mikhail Dmitrievich Skobelev (Михаи́л Дми́триевич Ско́белев (– was a Russian general famous for his conquest of Central Asia and heroism during This article is about the Turkmen people of Turkmenistan. For the distinct group of Turk peoples of Iraq see Iraqi Turkmen.
- January 24 - William Edward Forster, the chief secretary for Ireland, introduces his Coercion Bill: it goes through a long debate before it is accepted February 2. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled William Edward Forster, FRS ( July 11, 1818 &ndash April 6, 1886) was a British Industrialist, Philanthropist Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor
- January 25 - Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Oriental Telephone Company was established on January 25 1881 as the result of an agreement between Thomas Edison, Alexander Graham Bell, the Oriental Bell Telephone
- February 2 - Parkfield Earthquake occurs. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Parkfield Earthquake is a name given to various large Earthquakes that occurred in the vicinity of the little town of Parkfield California, in the United States
- February 5 - Phoenix, Arizona is incorporated. Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo,
- February 13 - First issue of the feminist newspaper La Citoyenne is published by Hubertine Auclert. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed La Citoyenne ( The Citizeness) was a French feminist newspaper published in Paris from 1881 through 1891 by Hubertine Auclert. Hubertine Auclert, ( April 10, 1848 - August 4, 1914) was a leading French Feminist and a campaigner for Women's suffrage
- February 19 - Kansas became the first U.S. state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Kansas ( is a Midwestern state in the central region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the American " A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government
- March 12 - Andrew Watson makes his Scotland debut as the world's first black international football player. Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Andrew Watson (born May 1857 Demerara, British Guiana; died in c The Scotland national football team represents Scotland in international football and is controlled by the Scottish Football Association.
- March 13 - Alexander II of Russia is killed near his palace when a bomb is thrown at him. Events 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected Antipope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II. Alexander (Aleksandr II Nikolaevich (Александр II Николаевич ( Moscow, 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881 in St He is succeeded by his son, Alexander III. Alexander III Alexandrovich ( 10 March 1845 – 1 November 1894) (Александр III Александрович reigned as Emperor
April - June
- April 14 - Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight erupted in El Paso, Texas. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in The Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight was a famous gun fight that occurred on April 14 1881 on El Paso Street, El Paso Texas.
- April 15 - Temuco, Chile founded. Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English Temuco is the capital of the Araucanía Region, Chile. The name comes from the Mapudungun language meaning "temu water" " temu Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the
- April 21 - The University of Connecticut is founded as the Storrs Agricultural School. Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date) The University of Connecticut ( Connecticut or UConn) is the State of Connecticut 's Land-grant university.
- April 25 - Caulfield Grammar School is founded in Melbourne, Australia. Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Caulfield Grammar School is an independent, Co-educational, Anglican, day and Boarding school, located in Melbourne Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics.
- April 28 - Billy the Kid escapes from his two jailers at the Lincoln County jail in Mesilla, New Mexico, killing James Bell and Robert Ollinger before stealing a horse and riding out of town. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Henry McCarty (November 23 1859—July 14 1881 better known as Billy the Kid, but also known by the aliases Henry Antrim and William H Lincoln County is a County located in the US state of New Mexico. Mesilla is also a spider genus ( Anyphaenidae) Mesilla is a town in Doña Ana County, New Mexico, United States New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America.
- May 12 - In North Africa, Tunisia becomes a French protectorate. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Tunisia (تونس Tūnis officially the Tunisian Republic ( is a country located in North Africa. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.
- May 21 - The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. The American Red Cross (also known as the American National Red Cross) is a humanitarian organization that provides emergency assistance disaster relief and education inside Clarissa Harlowe Barton (December 25 1821 &ndash April 12 1912 was a pioneer American Teacher, Nurse, and Humanitarian.
- May 21 - The United States Tennis Association is established by a small group of tennis club members. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily.
- June 12 - The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack. Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. Detailing and Fitting In March Congress authorized the detailing of naval officers on the voyage and Lt The Arctic Ocean, located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major
July - September
- July 1 - General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell-Childers reforms of the British Army's organization, comes into effect. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. The Childers Reforms restructured the Infantry Regiments of the British army. The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces.
- July 2 - James Abram Garfield, President of the United States is shot by lawyer Charles Julius Guiteau. Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival James Abram Garfield (November 19 1831 September 19 1881 was the twentieth President of the United States. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law as an attorney, Counsel or Solicitor; a person Charles Julius Guiteau ( September 8, 1841 &ndash June 30, 1882) was an American Lawyer who Assassinated He survives the assassination attempt but he suffers from infection of his wound. An infection is the detrimental Colonization of a host Organism by a foreign Species.
- July 4 - In Alabama, the Tuskegee Institute opens. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Alabama (formally the State of Alabama;) is a State located in the southern region of the United States of America. Tuskegee University is a private, historically black university located in Tuskegee, Alabama, United States.
- July 14 - Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner. Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Henry McCarty (November 23 1859—July 14 1881 better known as Billy the Kid, but also known by the aliases Henry Antrim and William H Patrick "Pat" Floyd Garrett ( June 5, 1850 &ndash February 29, 1908) was an American Old West lawman Bartender
- July 20 - Indian Wars: Sioux chief Sitting Bull leads the last of his fugitive people in surrender to United States troops at Fort Buford in Montana. Events 1304 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle - King Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold Sioux (pronounced SUE are a Native American and First Nations people Sitting Bull ( Lakota: Tȟatȟaŋka Iyotȟaŋka or Ta-Tanka I-Yotank, also nicknamed Slon-he or "Slow" Ca The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Fort Buford was a former United States Army base located at the confluence of the Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers in the state of North Dakota. Montana ( is a state in the Western United States. One-third of the state in the western part contains numerous mountain ranges (approximately 77 named of the northern
- August 3 - Pretoria Convention peace treaty signed, officially ending the war between the Boers and Britain. Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. The Pretoria Convention was the peace treaty that ended the First Boer War (16 December 1880 until 23 March 1881 between the Transvaal Boers and the Boer (ˈbuːr in Dutch ˈbʊɚ/ /boʊɚ or /ˈbɔr/ in English is the Dutch word for Farmer which came to denote the descendants of the proto Afrikaans The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
- August 27 - A hurricane hits Florida and Carolinas: about 700 die. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure center and numerous Thunderstorms that produce strong winds and Flooding
- September 5 - The Thumb Fire in the U.S. state of Michigan destroys over a million acres (4,000 km²) and kills 282 people. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. The great Thumb Fire took place on September 5, 1881 in The Thumb area of Michigan in the United States. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America.
- September 12 - Francis Howell High School (Howell Institute) in St. Charles, Missouri, and Stephen F. Austin High School in Austin, Texas open on the same day, putting them in a tie for the title of oldest public high school west of the Mississippi River. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Francis Howell High School is a four year High School located in the city of Weldon Spring, Missouri. St Charles ( French: "Saint-Charles" Spanish: "San Carlos" is a city in and the county seat of St Stephen F Austin High School, or more commonly Austin High, founded in 1881, is one of the oldest Public high schools west of the Mississippi River High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to
- September 19 - US President James A. Garfield dies. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. James Abram Garfield (November 19 1831 September 19 1881 was the twentieth President of the United States. Vice President Chester Arthur becomes the 21st President of the United States. Chester Alan Arthur (October 5 1829 &ndash November 18 1886 was an American politician who served as the twenty-first President of the United States.
October - December
- October 26 - Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, Cochise County, Arizona, USA. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death The Gunfight at the OK Corral was a gunfight that happened at about 3 p Tombstone is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States, founded in 1879 by Ed Schieffelin in what was then the Arizona Territory Cochise County is a county located in the southeastern corner of the U The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
- October 29 - Judge (US magazine) is first published. Events 437 - Valentinian III, Western Roman Emperor, marries Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius II Judge was a weekly magazine published in the United States of America between 1881 and 1936
- November 11 - The Clarkson Memorial in Wisbech is completed and unveiled to the public. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare The Clarkson Memorial, located in Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, England, is a memorial to Thomas Clarkson (1760 &ndash 1846 a central figure in Wisbech ('wɪzbiʧ is a market town and inland port with a population of about 20000 in the Fenland area of Cambridgeshire.
- November 19 - A meteorite strikes earth near the village of Großliebenthal, a few kilometers southwest of Odessa, Ukraine. Events 1095 - The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land A meteorite is a natural object originating in Outer space that survives an impact with the Earth 's surface ODESSA which stands for the German phrase O rganisation d er e hemaligen SS - A ngehörigen which in turn translates Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe.
- December 8 - At least 620 die in fire at the Ring Theatre, Vienna. Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria.
- December 28 - Virgil Earp is ambushed in Tombstone and loses the use of his left arm. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Virgil Walter Earp ( July 18, 1843 &ndash October 19, 1905) was one of the men involved in the Gunfight at the O A headstone, tombstone or gravestone is a marker normally carved from stone, placed over or next to the site of a Burial
Undated
- New York City's oldest independent school for girls, the Convent of the Sacred Heart New York (91st Street), is founded. Convent of the Sacred Heart is the oldest independent all-girls school in Manhattan
- Edward Rudolf founded the 'Church of England Central Society for Providing Homes for Waifs and Strays' (now The Children's Society). The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican The Children's Society, formally The Church of England Children's Society, is a leading national Charity (registered in England No
- The Pali Text Society is founded. The Pali Text Society was founded in 1881 by TW Rhys Davids "to foster and promote the study of Pali texts"
- University College Dublin is established in Ireland. University College Dublin (UCD (An Coláiste Ollscoile Baile Átha Cliath - formally known as University College Dublin - National University of Ireland Dublin (An Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world
- The United States National Lawn Tennis Association (USNLTA) is founded, and the first U. S. Tennis Championships are played. Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles)
- Founding of the League of the Three Emperors. The League of the Three Emperors, also known as the Three Emperors' League (Dreikaiserbund was an 1873 alliance among the Emperors of Germany
- Some Vatican archives opened to scholars for the first time. Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory
- Abilene, Texas is founded. Abilene ( "ABBA-leen") is a city in Jones and Taylor Counties in the central part of the U
- Newcastle United F.C. is founded as Stanley F. Newcastle United Football Club (also known as The Magpies or The Toon) is an English football club based in Newcastle upon C. , with a further name change to Newcastle East End F. C. a few months later.
- Leyton Orient F.C. is founded. Leyton Orient FC are an English Professional football team from east London currently playing in League One of the Football League
- Minto, North Dakota is founded. Minto is a city in Walsh County, North Dakota, in the United States.
- Rafaela, Argentina is formed. Rafaela is a city in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, about 96 km from the provincial capital. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics.
- Culford School a public school in Suffolk, United Kingdom is founded. The term public school has two distinct (and virtually opposite meanings depending on the location of usage in the United States, Australia and Suffolk (ˈsʌfək is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in East Anglia, England. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1881 MDCCCLXXXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2634 |
| Armenian calendar | 1330 ԹՎ ՌՅԼ |
| Bahá'í calendar | 37 – 38 |
| Berber calendar | 2831 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2425 |
| Burmese calendar | 1243 |
| Chinese calendar | 4517/4577-12-2 (庚辰年十二月初二日) — to —
4518/4578-11-11(辛巳年十一月十一日) |
| Coptic calendar | 1597 – 1598 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1873 – 1874 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5641 – 5642 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1936 – 1937 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1803 – 1804 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4982 – 4983 |
| Holocene calendar | 11881 |
| Iranian calendar | 1259 – 1260 |
| Islamic calendar | 1298 – 1299 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 14 (明治14年) |
| Korean calendar | 4214 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2424 |
January - June
- January 1 - Vajiravudh, King of Thailand (d. The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today Ab Urbe condita (literally "from The Armenian calendar is the traditional calendar of Armenia. The Bahá'í calendar, also called the Badí‘ calendar, used by the Bahá'í Faith, is a Solar calendar with regular years of 365 days and Leap The Berber calendar is the annual Calendar used by Berber people in North Africa. The Buddhist calendar is used on mainland Southeast Asia in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar (formerly Burma The traditional Burmese calendar is a Lunisolar calendar based on both the phases of the moon and the motion of the sun The Chinese calendar is lunisolar, incorporating elements of a Lunar calendar with those of a Solar calendar. The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church and still used in Egypt The Ethiopian calendar ( Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር ye'Ītyōṗṗyā zemen āḳoṭaṭer) also called the Ge'ez calendar, The Hebrew calendar (הלוח העברי ha'luach ha'ivri) or Jewish calendar is a Lunisolar calendar used by Jews for predominantly religious Calendar Events Births Deaths Calendar Events WWWCLANDANGERCOMAR Births Deaths The Hindu calendar used in ancient times has undergone many changes in the process of regionalization and today there are several regional Indian Calendars, as The Indian national calendar (sometimes called Saka calendar) is the official civil calendar in use in India. Kali Yuga ( Devanāgarī: sa कलियुग lit "Age of Kali " "age of vice" is one of the four stages of development that the world goes The Iranian calendar or Solar Hejri (تقویم هجری شمسی؛ سالنمای هجری خورشیدی Taqwim Hejri Shamsi Salanmay Hejri Khurshidi) is an astronomical The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری Since January 1, 1873, Japan has used the Gregorian calendar, with local names for the months and mostly fixed holidays The, or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of the Meiji Emperor, running in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July The traditional Korean calendar is a Lunisolar calendar which like the traditional calendars of other East Asian countries was based on the Chinese calendar The Thai solar calendar, Suriyakati (สุริยคติ has been the official and prevalent Calendar in Thailand since it was adopted by King New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Vajiravudh ( January 1, 1881 &ndash November 25, 1925) ( Rama VI, reigning title Phra Mongkut Klao Chaoyuhua; พระบาทสมเด็จพระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หั The Chakri dynasty has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Ratthanakosin era in 1782 following the end of Taksin of Thonburi 's reign when the 1925)
- January 9
- Lascelles Abercrombie, English poet and critic (d. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Lascelles Abercrombie (also known as the Georgian Laureate) ( January 9, 1881 &ndash October 27, 1938) was a British 1938)
- Giovanni Papini, Italian essayist, poet, and novelist (d. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Giovanni Papini ( January 9, 1881 - July 8, 1956) was an Italian journalist essayist literary critic, poet and novelist 1956)
- January 17 - Antoni Lomnicki, Polish mathematician (d. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Antoni Marian Łomnicki (b January 17, 1881 in Lwów (now Lviv - July 4, 1941 in Lemberg) (now Lviv was a Polish 1941)
- January 31 - Irving Langmuir, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Irving Langmuir ( January 31, 1881 in Brooklyn New York – August 16, 1957 in Woods Hole Massachusetts) was an The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1957)
- February 12 - Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (d. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Anna Pavlovna Pavlova (А́нна Па́вловна Па́влова (&ndash 23 January, 1931) was a famous Russian Ballerina of the late 1931)
- March 4
- Maude Fealy, American stage and film actor (d. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Maude Fealy ( March 4, 1881 - November 9, 1971) was an American stage and Film Actor. 1971)
- Thomas Sigismund Stribling, American writer (d. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Thomas Sigismund Stribling ( March 4 1881 – July 8 1965) was an American writer and lawyer 1965)
- Richard C. Tolman, American mathematical physicist (d. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Richard Chace Tolman ( March 4 1881 &ndash September 5 1948) was an American mathematical physicist and Physical chemist 1948)
- March 9 - Ernest Bevin, British labour leader, politician, and statesman (d. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia. Ernest Bevin ( 9 March 1881 - 14 April 1951) was a British labour leader politician and statesman best known for his time as 1951)
- March 17 - Walter Rudolf Hess, Swiss physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Walter Rudolf Hess ( March 17, 1881 &ndash August 12, 1973 was a Swiss physiologist who won the Nobel Prize in The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. 1973)
- March 23
- Roger Martin du Gard, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Roger Martin du Gard ( March 23, 1881 - August 22, 1958) was a French author and winner of the 1937 Nobel Prize for Literature. The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred 1958)
- Hermann Staudinger, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Hermann Staudinger ( March 23, 1881 &ndash September 8, 1965) was a German chemist who demonstrated the existence of Macromolecules The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1965)
- March 25
- Béla Bartók, Hungarian composer (d. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Béla Viktor János Bartók (March 25 1881&ndashSeptember 26 1945 was a Hungarian Composer and Pianist, considered to be one of the greatest 1945)
- Mary Webb, English writer (d. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Mary Webb ( March 25, 1881 &ndash October 8, 1927) was an English romantic novelist of the early 20th century whose Hardyesque novels 1927)
- May 14 - G. Murray Hulbert, American politician (d. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the George Murray Hulbert ( May 14[[ 881]] - April 26[[ 950]] was a United States Representative from New York. 1950)
- May 19 - Official birthday of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder and the first President of Turkey (d. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (19 May 1881 &ndash 10 November 1938 was an army officer revolutionary Statesman The President of Turkey ( Cumhurbaşkanı) is the Head of state of the Republic of Turkey. 1938)
- May 20 - Władysław Sikorski, Polish general and politician (d. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held Władysław Eugeniusz Sikorski (May 20 1881 – July 4 1943 pronounced) was a Polish military and political leader 1943)
- June 17 - Tommy Burns, Canadian-born boxer (d. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1462 - Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II ( The Night Attack) forcing him to retreat Tommy Burns ( June 17, 1881 &ndash May 10, 1955) born Noah Brusso, was a Canadian world heavyweight champion 1955)
July - December
- July 2 - Royal H. Weller, American politician (d. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Royal Hurlburt Weller ( July 2[[ 881]] - March 1[[ 929]] was a United States Representative from New York. 1929)
- July 4 - Ulysses S. Grant III, American soldier and planner (d. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Ulysses Simpson Grant III ( July 4, 1881 – August 29, 1968) was the son of Frederick Dent Grant, and the grandson of General 1968)
- July 27 - Hans Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Hans Fischer ( July 27, 1881 &ndash March 31, 1945) was a German organic chemist and the recipient of the 1930 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1945)
- July 30 - Smedley Butler, U. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off Smedley Darlington Butler (July 30 1881 &ndash June 21 1940 Nicknamed " The Fighting Quaker " and " Old Gimlet Eye " was a Major S. general (d. 1940)
- August 6 - Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish researcher, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Sir Alexander Fleming (6 August 1881 &ndash 11 March 1955 was a Scottish Biologist and Pharmacologist. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. 1955)
- August 19 - Georges Enescu, Romanian composer (d. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. George Enescu (pronunciation in Romanian: /'ʤěorʤe e'nesku/ known in France as Georges Enesco) ( August 19 1881, Liveni &ndash 1955)
- August 20 - Edgar Guest, English poet (d. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Events 636 - Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of Syria and Palestine Edgar Albert Guest ( August 20, 1881, Birmingham, England &ndash August 5, 1959, Detroit, Michigan 1959)
- September 5 - Otto Bauer, Austrian Social Democratic politician (d. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Otto Bauer ( September 5 1881 &mdash July 4 1938) was an Austrian Social Democrat who is considered one of the leading thinkers 1938)
- September 8 - Harry Hillman, American athlete (d. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Harry Livingston Hillman Jr ( September 8, 1881 &ndash August 9, 1945) was an American athlete and winner of three 1945)
- September 16 - Clive Bell, English art critic (d. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers Arthur Clive Heward Bell ( September 16, 1881 &ndash September 18, 1964) was an English Art critic, associated with the 1964)
- September 17 - Alfred Francis Blakeney Carpenter, English soldier (d. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec Alfred Francis Blakeney Carpenter VC (17 September 1881 - 27 December 1955 (VC Croix de Guerre and Legion d'Honneur (France was an English 1955)
- September 26 - Hiram Wesley Evans, Ku Klux Klan Imperial Wizard (d. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a Hiram Wesley Evans ( September 26, 1881 &ndash September 14, 1966) was Imperial Wizard of the "second" Ku 1966)
- October 1 - William Boeing, American engineer and airplane manufacturer (d. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. William Edward Boeing (born "Wilhelm Edward Boeing" ( October 1, 1881 – September 27, 1956) was an Aviation pioneer who 1956)
- October 11 - Hans Kelsen, Austrian legal theorist (d. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed Hans Kelsen ( October 11, 1881 – April 19, 1973) was an Austrian American Jurist. 1973)
- October 15
- William Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the William Temple ( 15 October 1881 – 26 October 1944) was a priest in the Church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the 1944)
- P. G. Wodehouse, English-born writer (d. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, KBE (15 October 1881 – 14 February 1975 (ˈwʊdhaʊs was an English Comic novelist who enjoyed enormous popular success 1975)
- October 22 - Clinton Davisson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 202 BC - Hannibal Barca, leader of the Carthaginians, is defeated by the Roman legions under Scipio Africanus Clinton Joseph Davisson ( 22 October 1881 &ndash 1 February 1958) was an American physicist who won the 1937 The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature 1958)
- October 25 - Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter (d. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso (October 25 1881 &ndash April 8 1973 1973)
- November 5 - George A. Malcolm, American jurist & educator (d. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) George A Malcolm ( November 5, 1881 — May 16, 1961) was an American Lawyer who emerged as an influential figure 1961)
- November 14 - Nicholas Schenck, Russian-born film studio executive (d. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Nicholas M Schenck ( 14 November 1881, Rybinsk, Russia &ndash 4 March, 1969, Florida) was a Motion picture 1969)
- November 24 - Al Christie, Canadian-born director and producer (d. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Al Christie, ( October 23, 1881 &ndash April 14, 1951) was a Canadian -born motion picture 1951)
- November 25 - Pope John XXIII (d. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the Pope John (numberingBlessed 1963)
- November 28 - Stefan Zweig, Austrian writer (d. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events Stefan Zweig ( November 28, 1881, Vienna, Austria &ndash February 22, 1942, Petrópolis, Brazil) 1942)
- December 3 - Henry Fillmore, American composer (d. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French Henry Fillmore ( 3 December, 1881 – 7 December, 1956) was a United States Composer and Publisher. 1956)
- December 24 - Juan Ramón Jiménez, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes Juan Ramón Jiménez Mantecón ( Moguer, Spain, 24 December, 1881 – Santurce, Puerto Rico, 29 May, 1958 The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred 1958)
Deaths
January - June
- January 3 - Anna McNeill Whistler, Whistler's mother (b. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Anna Matilda (nee McNeill Whistler ( September 27, 1804 in Wilmington North Carolina &ndash January 3, 1881 in London 1804)
- January 21 - Wilhelm Matthias Naeff, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Wilhelm Matthias Naeff ( February 19, 1802 - January 21, 1881) was a Swiss politician and one of the seven initial members of the This is a list of members of the Swiss Federal Council (Schweizerischer Bundesrat Conseil fédéral suisse Consiglio federale svizzero Cussegl federal svizzer 1802)
- February 5 - Thomas Carlyle, Scottish writer and historian (b. Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Thomas Carlyle (4 December 1795 – 5 February 1881 was a Scottish essayist satirist and historian whose work was highly influential during the Victorian era. 1795)
- February 9 - Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russian novelist (b. Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky, 1821)
- February 14 - Fernando Wood, New York City Mayor (b. Year 1821 ( MDCCCXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Fernando Wood ( June 14[[ 812]] - February 14[[ 881]] is famous for being one of the most colorful mayors in the history of New York. 1812)
- March 13 - Czar Alexander II of Russia (b. Year 1812 ( MDCCCXII) a leap year started on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected Antipope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II. Alexander (Aleksandr II Nikolaevich (Александр II Николаевич ( Moscow, 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881 in St 1818)
- March 28 - Modest Mussorgsky, Russian composer (b. Year 1818 ( MDCCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (Моде́ст Петро́вич Му́соргский Modest Petrovič Musorgskij) ( March 21 March 9 1839 &ndash March 1839)
- April 19 - Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. Year 1839 ( MDCCCXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Benjamin Disraeli 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, KG, PC, FRS (born Benjamin D'Israeli; 21 December 1804 &ndash 19 April 1881 was The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom 1804)
- May 24 - Samuel Palmer, English artist (b. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. 1276 - Magnus Ladulås is crowned Samuel Palmer ( January 27 1805 – May 24 1881) was an English landscape painter, Etcher and 1805)
- May 25 - Giuseppe Maria Giulietti, Italian explorer (b. Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Giuseppe Maria Giulietti ( December 28 1847 - May 25 1881) was an Italian soldier geographer and explorer 1847)
- June 6 - Henri Vieuxtemps, Belgian composer (b. Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Henri François Joseph Vieuxtemps ( February 17, 1820 &ndash June 6, 1881) was a Belgian Composer and violinist 1820)
July - December
- July 14 - Billy the Kid, American gunslinger (b. Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Henry McCarty (November 23 1859—July 14 1881 better known as Billy the Kid, but also known by the aliases Henry Antrim and William H 1859)
- July 17 - Jim Bridger, American explorer and trapper (b. Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians James or Jim Bridger (March 1804 &ndash July 17 1881 was among the foremost mountain men, trappers scouts and guides who explored and trapped the Western 1804)
- September 7 - Sidney Lanier, American writer (b. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. Sidney Lanier ( February 3, 1842 – September 7, 1881) was an American Musician and Poet. 1842)
- September 8 - Prince Frederik of the Netherlands, Dutch noble and general (b. Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz 1797)
- September 19 - James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States (assassinated) (b. Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. James Abram Garfield (November 19 1831 September 19 1881 was the twentieth President of the United States. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by 1831)
- September 22 - Solomon L. Spink, U. Year 1831 ( MDCCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians Solomon Lewis Spink ( March 20, 1831 - September 22, 1881) was an American lawyer who served as a delegate for the Dakota S. Congressman from Illinois (b. 1831)
- October 3 - Orson Pratt, American religious leader (b. Year 1831 ( MDCCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Orson Pratt ( September 19, 1811 &ndash October 3, 1881) was a leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and an original member of the 1811)
- October 31 - George DeLong, American naval officer and explorer (starvation) (b. Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse George Washington DeLong ( August 22, 1844 – October 31, 1881) was a United States Navy officer and ill-fated explorer 1844)
- See also: Category: 1881 deaths
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