Centuries:	18th century - 19th century - 20th century
Decades:	1840s  1850s  1860s  - 1870s -  1880s  1890s  1900s
Years:	1875 1876 1877 - 1878 - 1879 1880 1881

1878 in topic:

Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -

Art - Literature (Poetry) - Music - Science

Sports - Rail Transport

Countries:     Australia - Canada - Germany - Ireland - New Zealand - Norway - South Africa - U. The pages listed below contain information about trends and events in particular centuries and millennia. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The twentieth century of the Common Era began on See also List of centuries, History This is a list of Decades in history including links to corresponding articles with more information about them Events and trends Technology First use of General anesthesia in an operation by Crawford Long. Events and Trends Industry Production of Steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman Events and trends Technology The First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA was completed in 1869 Events and Trends Technology The invention of the prototype telephone by Alexander G Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of Electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the " Mauve Decade" because William Henry Perkin 's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that This page indexes the individual Years pages Twenty-first century Year 1875 ( MDCCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1876 ( MDCCCLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1877 ( MDCCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1879 ( MDCCCLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The year 1878 in archaeology involved some significant events The year 1878 in architecture involved some significant events List of years in Art Events James McNeill Whistler sues critic John Ruskin for libel over his painting Nocturne in Black and Gold The The year 1878 in literature involved some significant new books Events Notorious American poetaster Julia A Moore publishes her second collection A Few Choice Words to the Public, but unlike her bestseller Events May 28 – Gilbert & Sullivan 's HMS Pinafore debuts in London Published popular music The year 1878 in Science and Technology involved many significant events listed below Baseball Harry Wright leads Boston to another pennant once again with brother George Wright at shortstop and Andy Leonard in the Events January events January 18 - Construction on The Ghan route south of Port Augusta, Australia, begins See also 1877 in Australia, other events of 1878, 1879 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. See also 1877 in Canada, other events of 1878, 1879 in Canada and the Timeline of Canadian history. Events August - The narrow gauge Ballymena and Larne Railway starts passenger operations in County Antrim, the first on the Irish Incumbents Regal and Vice Regal Head of State - Queen Victoria Governor – The Marquess of Normanby See also 1877 in South Africa, other events of 1878, 1879 in South Africa and the Timeline of South African history. S. - UK

Leaders:   State leaders - Colonial governors

Category: Establishments - Disestablishments

Births - Deaths - Works v • d • e

Year 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). Incumbents Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom Prime Minister - Benjamin Disraeli, Conservative State leaders in 1877 - Events of 1878 - State leaders in 1879 - State leaders by year ---- Africa Ashanti Confederacy Portugal Angola - # Caetano Alexandre de Almeida e Albuquerque, Governor-General of Angola ( 1876 - 1878 Roman numerals are a Numeral system originating in ancient Rome, adapted from Etruscan numerals. This is the Calendar for any Common year starting on Tuesday ( Dominical letter F) The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today This is the calendar for any Common year starting on Sunday ( Dominical letter A) or for any year in which “ Doomsday ” is Tuesday The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 Ab urbe condita

Contents 1 Events of 1878 1.1 January - March 1.2 April - June 1.3 July - September 1.4 October - December 1.5 Undated 1.5.1 Foundations: 2 Births 2.1 January - June 2.2 July - December 3 Deaths 3.1 January - June 3.2 July - December

Events of 1878

January - March

• January - Cleopatra's Needle arrives in London
• January 9 - Humbert I becomes King of Italy
• January 5 - Battle of Shipka Pass IV
• January 17 - Battle of Plovdiv
• January 23 - Benjamin Disraeli orders British fleet to the Dardanelles
• January 24 - The revolutionary Vera Zasulich shoots at Fyodor Trepov, the Governor of Saint Petersburg. Cleopatra's Needle ("L'aiguille de Cléopâtre" in French is the popular name for each of three Ancient Egyptian Obelisks re-erected in London Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Umberto I King of Italy or Humbert I of Italy ( Umberto Ranieri Carlo Emanuele Giovanni Maria Ferdinando Eugenio di Savoy) English The House of Savoy (Casa Savoia was formed in the early eleventh century in the historical Savoy region Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Four battles were fought between Russia and the Ottoman Empire for control over the crucial Shipka Pass during the Russo-Turkish War 1877-78. Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Following the crushing Russian victory at the last battle of Shipka Pass, Russian commander Joseph Vladimirovich Gourko began to move southeast towards Constantinople Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Benjamin Disraeli 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, KG, PC, FRS (born Benjamin D'Israeli; 21 December 1804 &ndash 19 April 1881 was See also [[Hellespont]] The Dardanelles ( Turkish: Çanakkale Boğazı Greek: Δαρδανέλλια Dardanellia) formerly Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Vera Ivanovna Zasulich ( Вера Ивановна Засулич) ( &mdash May 8, 1919) was a Russian Marxist writer and revolutionary Feodor Feodorovich Trepov ( Федор Федорович Трепов in Russian) ( 1812 - 1889) was a Russian government official Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River
• January 28 - The Yale News becomes the first daily, college newspaper in the United States. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted The Yale Daily News is a Newspaper published by Yale University students in New Haven Connecticut since January 28, 1878 A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
• January 31 - Turkey agrees to armistice at Adrianople
• February 2 - Greece declares war on Turkey. Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes An armistice is a situation where the warring parties agree to stop fighting Edirne (anc Hadrianopolis; Greek Adrianople; Slavic/Bulgarian Одрин, see also its other names) is a city in Thrace, the westernmost Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches
• February 8 - British fleet enters Turkish waters and anchors off Istanbul - Russia threatens to occupy Istanbul but does not carry out the threat
• February 18 - The Lincoln County War begins in Lincoln County, New Mexico
• February 19 - The phonograph is patented by Thomas Edison
• February 20 - Pope Leo XIII succeeds Pope Pius IX as the 256th pope. Events 421 - Constantius III becomes co- Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Istanbul (historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see the other Names of Istanbul) is the largest city of Turkey Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy The Lincoln County War was a 19th century conflict between two entrenched factions in America's western frontier. Lincoln County is a County located in the US state of New Mexico. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum The phonograph, or gramophone, was the most common device for playing recorded Sound from the 1870s through the 1980s Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment Pope Leo XIII ( March 2, 1810 – July 20, 1903) born Count Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, was the 256th Pope Blessed Pope Pius IX (May 13 1792 &ndash February 7 1878 born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, was Pope from June 16 1846 until 1878 History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and
• February 24 - Anti-Russian demonstrations in Hyde Park, London
• February 28 - Mississippi State University is created by the Mississippi Legislature (under the name The Agricultural and Mechanical College of the State of Mississippi)
• March 3
  • Bulgaria regains its independence from Ottoman Empire. Events 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Hyde Park is one of the largest Parks in central London, England and one of the Royal Parks of London, famous for its Speakers' Corner Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule Mississippi State University is a Land-grant university located in north east-central Mississippi, United States, in the town of Starkville and The Mississippi Legislature is the state legislature of the U Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish
  • The Treaty of San Stefano concludes the Russo-Turkish War
• March 24 - The UK frigate Eurydice sinks, killing 300. The Preliminary Treaty of San Stefano was a treaty between Russia and the Ottoman Empire signed at the end of the Russo-Turkish War 1877–78. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 had its origins in a rise in nationalism in the Balkans as well as in the Russian goal of recovering territorial losses it had suffered Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship
• March 25 - Russia rejects British proposal to lay San Stefano treaty before European congress
• March 27 - In anticipation of war with Russia, Disraeli mobilizes the reserves and calls up Indian troops to Malta

April - June

• April 20 - The Stawell Gift is run for the first time. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands Events 1303 - The University of Rome La Sapienza is instituted by Pope Boniface VIII. The Stawell Gift is Australia's oldest and richest short distance running race
• May 15 - Tokyo Stock Exchange established
• June 4 - Cyprus Convention: The Ottoman Empire cedes Cyprus to the United Kingdom but retains nominal title. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the The, or TSE, located in Tokyo, Japan, is the second largest Stock exchange market in the world by market value second only to the New York Stock Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. The Cyprus Convention of June 4, 1878 was a secret agreement reached between the United Kingdom and the Ottoman Empire which granted control The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
• June 10 - League of Prizren is established
• June 12 - July 12 - Congress of Berlin about the Ottoman Empire
• June 22 - Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld leaves Karlskrona on a voyage that will make him the first to navigate the Northern Sea Route, a shipping lane from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean along the Siberian coast. Events 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem The League of Prizren (Lidhja e Prizrenit was an Albanian political organization founded on June 10, 1878 in Prizren, Vilayet of Kosovo Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. See also Berlin Conference (1884-85 re Africa and Berlin Conference of 1954 (Cold War The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Baron (Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, also known as A E Nordenskioeld (November 18 1832 Helsinki, Finland &mdash August 12 1901 Dalby Skåne Karlskrona is a city in the province of Blekinge in south-eastern Sweden. The Northern Sea Route (Се́верный морско́й путь Severniy morskoy put’) is a Shipping lane from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving

July - September

• July 13 - The Treaty of Berlin makes Serbia, Montenegro and Romania completely independent
• July 26 - In California, the poet and American West outlaw calling himself "Black Bart" makes his last clean getaway when he steals a safe box from a Wells Fargo stagecoach. Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to The Treaty of Berlin was the final Act of the Congress of Berlin ( June 13 - July 13, 1878) by which the United Kingdom, Austria-Hungary Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country Montenegro ( British English) Montenegrin / Serbian: PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE LANGUAGES WITHOUT CONSENSUS ON THE TALK PAGE! Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The Western United States &mdashcommonly referred to as the American West or simply the West &mdashtraditionally refers to the region comprising the westernmost Charles Earl Bolles (1829&ndashDisappeared 1888? alias Black Bart, was an American Old West Outlaw noted for his Poetic messages Wells Fargo & Co ( is a diversified Financial services company headquartered in San Francisco California, United States with operations around the The empty box will be found later with a taunting poem inside.
• August 9 - The Wallingford Tornado of 1878, the deadliest tornado in Connecticut history, destroys the town of Wallingford, killing 34 people and injuring 70 or more. Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus The Wallingford Tornado struck the town of Wallingford Connecticut on August 9, 1878. A tornado is a violent rotating column of air which is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a Cumulonimbus cloud or in rare cases the base of a Cumulus Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Wallingford is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States.
• September 3 - Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat Princess Alice collides with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius SS Princess Alice was a Thames river steamer which sank after a collision in 1878 with the loss of an estimated 640 lives Bywell Castle is situated in the village of Bywell overlooking the River Tyne, four miles east of Corbridge, Northumberland, England The Thames ( is a major River flowing through southern England.
• September 20 - The Hindu, an Indian newspaper, is founded. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. The Hindu is a single-edition English-language Indian newspaper
• September 30 - The ship Priscilla arrives in Hawaii from Funchal, Madeira, marking the beginning of the Portuguese immigration to the Hawaiian Islands (1878-1913). Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the Churches and Parishes Imaculado Coração de Maria Monte Santa Luzia Santa Maria Maior History See also History of Madeira Pre-Portuguese times Pliny mentions certain Purple Islands the position of which with reference to the The Portuguese people (os Portugueses literally the Portuguese) are the Ethnic group or Nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west The Hawaiian Islands, once known as the Sandwich Islands, form an Archipelago of 19 Islands and Atolls numerous smaller

October - December

• October 1 - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) opens as Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, better known as Virginia Tech, is a public land grant polytechnic University in
• October 14 - The world's first recorded floodlit football fixture is played at Bramall Lane in Sheffield
• October 17 - John A. Macdonald returns to office as Prime Minister of Canada. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces } Bramall Lane Stadium is the home of Sheffield United Football Club in Sheffield, England and is the oldest major stadium in Sheffield ( is a city and Metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Sir John Alexander Macdonald GCB, KCMG, PC ( January 11, 1815 – June 6, 1891) was the first Prime Minister The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus
• November 17 - First assassination attempt against Umberto I of Italy. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Umberto I King of Italy or Humbert I of Italy ( Umberto Ranieri Carlo Emanuele Giovanni Maria Ferdinando Eugenio di Savoy) English
• November 21 - Second Afghan War commences when the British attack Ali Masjid in the Khyber Pass. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. The European influence in Afghanistan refers to political social and sometimes Imperialistic influence various European nations have had on this historical development of the Ali Masjid Fort is a famous landmark located at the highest point of Khyber Pass in Pakistan. The Khyber Pass, (also spelled Khaiber or Khaybar (درہ خیبر (altitude  m   ft is the Mountain pass that links Pakistan and

Undated

• Yellow fever in Mississippi Valley - over 13,000 dead
• US arbitration rejects Argentinean claims to Paraguay's part of Chaco region

Foundations:

• The Buchan School, Isle of Man. Yellow fever (also called yellow jack, black vomit or sometimes American Plague) is an acute viral disease The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay ( Spanish: República del Paraguay; Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái) is one of the only The Gran Chaco ( Quechua chaqu, "hunting land" dubbed by some as "the last South American frontier" is a sparsely populated hot and The Buchan School (Yn Scoill Buchan is an independent primary school in the south of the Isle of Man, catering for children aged 3-11 The Isle of Man (Ellan Vannin ˈɛlʲən ˈvanɪn or Mann (Mannin) is a self-governing Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical
• Newton Heath Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Football Club, the team that would become Manchester United
• Everton Football Club, then known as St Domingo
• West Bromwich Albion F.C. play their first match. Everton Football Club is an English football club located in the city of Liverpool. West Bromwich Albion Football Club (also known as West Brom, The Baggies, Albion, The Albion, The Throstles or WBA) are
• Grimsby Town FC then known as Grimsby Pelham

Births

1878 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1878 MDCCCLXXVIII
Ab urbe condita	2631
Armenian calendar	1327 ԹՎ ՌՅԻԷ
Bahá'í calendar	34 – 35
Berber calendar	2828
Buddhist calendar	2422
Burmese calendar	1240
Chinese calendar	4514/4574-11-28 (丁丑年十一月廿八日) — to — 4515/4575-12-8 (戊寅年十二月初八日)
Coptic calendar	1594 – 1595
Ethiopian calendar	1870 – 1871
Hebrew calendar	5638 – 5639
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1933 – 1934
- Shaka Samvat	1800 – 1801
- Kali Yuga	4979 – 4980
Holocene calendar	11878
Iranian calendar	1256 – 1257
Islamic calendar	1294 – 1296
Japanese calendar	Meiji 11 (明治11年)
Korean calendar	4211
Thai solar calendar	2421
v • d • e

January - June

• January 6 - Carl Sandburg, American poet and historian (d. Grimsby Town are an English Football club playing in League Two, the fourth tier of English football The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today Ab Urbe condita (literally "from The Armenian calendar is the traditional calendar of Armenia. The Bahá'í calendar, also called the Badí‘ calendar, used by the Bahá'í Faith, is a Solar calendar with regular years of 365 days and Leap The Berber calendar is the annual Calendar used by Berber people in North Africa. The Buddhist calendar is used on mainland Southeast Asia in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar (formerly Burma The traditional Burmese calendar is a Lunisolar calendar based on both the phases of the moon and the motion of the sun The Chinese calendar is lunisolar, incorporating elements of a Lunar calendar with those of a Solar calendar. The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church and still used in Egypt The Ethiopian calendar ( Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር ye'Ītyōṗṗyā zemen āḳoṭaṭer) also called the Ge'ez calendar, The Hebrew calendar (הלוח העברי ha'luach ha'ivri) or Jewish calendar is a Lunisolar calendar used by Jews for predominantly religious Calendar Events Births Deaths Calendar Events Births Deaths The Hindu calendar used in ancient times has undergone many changes in the process of regionalization and today there are several regional Indian Calendars, as The Indian national calendar (sometimes called Saka calendar) is the official civil calendar in use in India. Kali Yuga ( Devanāgarī: sa कलियुग lit "Age of Kali " "age of vice" is one of the four stages of development that the world goes The Iranian calendar or Solar Hejri (تقویم هجری شمسی؛ سالنمای هجری خورشیدی Taqwim Hejri Shamsi Salanmay Hejri Khurshidi) is an astronomical The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ Since January 1, 1873, Japan has used the Gregorian calendar, with local names for the months and mostly fixed holidays The, or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of the Meiji Emperor, running in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July The traditional Korean calendar is a Lunisolar calendar which like the traditional calendars of other East Asian countries was based on the Chinese calendar The Thai solar calendar, Suriyakati (สุริยคติ has been the official and prevalent Calendar in Thailand since it was adopted by King Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King Carl August Sandburg ( January 6, 1878 &ndash July 22, 1967) was an American writer and editor best known for his Poetry 1967)
• January 12 - Ferenc Molnár, author (d. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Ferenc Molnár (originally Ferenc Neumann 12 January 1878 in Budapest &mdash 1 April 1952 in New York City 1952)
• January 25 - Ernst Alexanderson, Swedish-born television pioneer (d. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Ernst Frederick Werner Alexanderson ( Uppsala Sweden, January 25, 1878 &ndash May 14, 1975) was a Swedish-American 1975)
• February 1 - Milan Hodža, Slovak politician, champion of regional integration in Europe (d. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Milan Hodža ( February 1, 1878, Sučany (Szucsány Austria-Hungary (present-day Slovakia) – June 27, 1944 1944)
• February 2 - Alfréd Hajós, Hungarian swimmer and architect (d. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Alfréd Hajós ( February 1, 1878 &ndash November 12, 1955) was an Hungarian swimmer and architect. 1955)
• February 5 - André Citroën, French automobile manufacturer (d. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. André-Gustave Citroën (5 February 1878-3 July 1935 was a French entrepreneur of Dutch and Polish descent 1935)
• February 8 - Martin Buber, Austrian philosopher (d. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 421 - Constantius III becomes co- Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Martin Buber ( 8 February 1878 – 13 June 1965) was an Austrian Israeli Jewish Philosopher, translator 1965)
• February 14 - Hirota Koki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German was a Japanese Diplomat, Politician and the 32nd Prime Minister of Japan from March 9, 1936 to February 2, 1937 The is the usual English-language term used for the Head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime 1948)
• February 21 - The Mother (Mirra Alfassa), multi-origined spiritual leader and founder of Auroville in India (d. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Auroville ( City of Dawn) is an "experimental" township in founded in 1968 Viluppuram district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India near India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country 1973)
• February 26 - Emmy Destinn, Czech soprano (d. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Emmy Destinn (also in Czech February 26 1878 &ndash January 28 1930 was a renowned Czech Operatic Soprano. 1930)
• February 28 - Pierre Fatou, French mathematician (d. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule Pierre Joseph Louis Fatou ( 28 February 1878, Lorient - 10 August 1929, Pornichet) was a French Mathematician This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is the field of Mathematics. 1929)
• March 4
  • Egbert Van Alstyne, United States songwriter and pianist (d. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Egbert Anson Van Alstyne ( March 4, 1878 - July 9, 1951) was a United States Songwriter and Pianist. 1951)
  • Peter D. Ouspensky, Russian philosopher (d. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Peter D Ouspensky ( March 4, 1878 – October 2, 1947) ( Pyotr Demianovich Ouspenskii, also Uspenskii or Uspensky 1947)
  • Arishima Takeo, Japanese novelist, short-story writer and essayist (d. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 1923)
• March 16 - Clemens August Graf von Galen, German Catholic cardinal (d. Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king Blessed Clemens August Cardinal Graf von Galen ( March 16, 1878 – March 22, 1946) was a German 1946)
• March 22 - Michel Théato, Luxembourg athlete (d. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 238 - Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperor. Michel Johann Théato ( March 22, 1878 &ndash 1919 was a Luxembourgian athlete, and the winner of the marathon at the 1919)
• March 31 - Jack Johnson, American boxer (d. Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Arthur John Johnson (March 31 1878 – June 10 1946 better known as Jack Johnson and nicknamed the “Galveston Giant” was an American boxer and 1946)
• April 6 - Erich Mühsam, German author (d. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Erich Mühsam ( 6 April 1878 – 10 July 1934) was a German-Jewish anarchist, writer poet dramatist and cabaret performer 1934)
• April 24 - Jean Crotti, Swiss artist (d. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Jean Crotti ( April 24, 1878 &ndash January 30, 1958) was a French painter 1958)
• April 28
  • Lionel Barrymore, American actor (d. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Lionel Barrymore ( April 28, 1878 – November 15, 1954) was an American Academy Award -winning actor of stage radio 1954)
  • Willem Mengelberg, Dutch conductor (d. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Joseph Willem Mengelberg ( 28 March 1871 &ndash 21 March 1951) was a Dutch conductor. 1951)
• May 3 - Cruz Hernandez, unverified claimant to be world's oldest person (d. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João Cruz Hernández Rivas of San Agustín Usulután in El Salvador ( May 3, 1878 ? – March 8, 2007) was a claimant to the 2007)
• May 10 - Gustav Stresemann, Chancellor of Germany, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. ( May 10, 1878 &ndash October 3, 1929) was a German liberal politician and statesman who served as Chancellor and Foreign Minister The Head of government of Germany is called Chancellor (Kanzler The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor 1929)
• May 25 - Bill Robinson, Tap Dancer (d. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Bill "Bojangles" Robinson ( May 25, 1878 – November 25, 1949) was a pre-eminent African-American tap dancer 1949)
• May 26 - Isadora Duncan, American dancer (d. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Isadora Duncan (May 26 1877 &ndash September 14 1927 was an American dancer 1927)
• May 28 - Paul Pelliot, French sinologist (d. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Paul Pelliot ( May 28, 1878 &ndash October 26, 1945) was a French Sinologist and Explorer of Central 1945)
• June 1 - John Masefield, English poet and novelist (d. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected John Edward Masefield, OM, ( 1 June 1878 &ndash 12 May 1967) was an English poet and writer and Poet Laureate 1967)
• June 3 - Barney Oldfield, American automobile racer and pioneer (d. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering Berna Eli "Barney" Oldfield ( June 3, 1878 &ndash October 4, 1946) was an Automobile racer and pioneer 1946)
• June 5 - Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (d. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem Doroteo Arango Arámbula ( June 5 1878 &ndash July 20 1923) better known as Francisco or " Pancho " Villa 1923)

July - December

• July 4 - George M. Cohan, American singer, dancer, composer, actor, and writer (d. Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples George Michael Cohan ( July 3, 1878 &ndash November 5, 1942) was a United States Entertainer, Playwright, 1942)
• July 24 - Edward Plunkett, Baron Dunsany, Irish author (d. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett 18th Baron of Dunsany ( 24 July 1878 &ndash 25 October 1957) was an Anglo-Irish writer and 1957)
• August 10 - Alfred Döblin, German writer (d. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire Alfred Döblin ( August 10, 1878 – June 26, 1957) was a German expressionist Novelist, best known for 1957)
• August 28 - George Whipple, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital George Hoyt Whipple ( August 28, 1878 &ndash February 1, 1976) was an American physician biomedical researcher and medical school educator The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. 1976)
• August 31 - Frank Jarvis, American athlete (d. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Frank Washington Jarvis ( August 31, 1878 - June 2, 1933) was an American athlete, and the Olympic 100 m 1933)
• September 5 - Robert von Lieben, Austrian physicist (d. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Robert von Lieben ( September 5, 1878 in Vienna &ndash February 20, 1913 in Vienna) was a notable Austrian 1913)
• September 13 - Matilde Moisant, American pilot (d. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Matilde E Moisant ( September 13 1878 &ndash February 5 1964) was an American pioneer aviatrix. 1964)
• September 20 - Upton Sinclair, American writer (d. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. Upton Beall Sinclair Jr ( September 20, 1878 &ndash November 25, 1968) was a Pulitzer 1968)
• September 22 - Yoshida Shigeru, Prime Minister of Japan (d. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians KCVO September 22, 1878 &ndash October 20, 1967, was a Japanese Diplomat and politician who served as Prime Minister The is the usual English-language term used for the Head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime 1967)
• September 24 - C. F. Ramuz, Swiss writer (d. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. Charles Ferdinand Ramuz ( September 24, 1878 &ndash May 23, 1947) was a French -speaking Swiss writer 1947)
• October 1 - Othmar Spann, Austrian philosopher and economist (d. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Othmar Spann ( October 1, 1878 - July 8, 1950) was a conservative Austrian philosopher sociologist and economist whose radical anti-liberal 1950)
• October 16 - Maxey Long, American athlete (d. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Maxwell Clifton "Maxey" Long (born November 16, 1878 - died March 4, 1959) was an American athlete, winner of 1959)
• November 1 - Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Argentine politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi Carlos Saavedra Lamas ( November 1, 1878 &ndash May 5, 1959) was an Argentinian academic and Politician who received The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor 1959)
• November 14 - Leopold Staff, Polish poet (d. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Leopold Staff ( November 14, 1878 – May 31, 1957) was a Polish poet and one of the greatest artists of European modernism 1957)
  • Julie Manet - French painter (d. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Julie Manet ( November 14, 1878 - July 14, 1966) was a French painter and art collector 1966)
• November 17 - Grace Abbott, American social worker and activist (d. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Grace Abbott ( November 17, 1878 - June 19, 1939) was an American social worker who specifically worked in advancing Child welfare 1939)
• December 18 - Joseph Stalin, Soviet leader (d. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Joseph Stalin ( ნამდვილი გვარი ჯუღაშვილი|Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili; March 5 1953 was General Secretary of the Communist Party 1953)
• December 25
  • Louis Chevrolet, Swiss-born race driver and automobile builder (d. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian Louis-Joseph Chevrolet ( December 25, 1878, Bonfol, Canton of Jura, Switzerland - June 6, 1941 1941)
  • Joseph Schenck, Russian-born film executive (d. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Joseph Michael Schenck ( December 25, 1878 &ndash October 22, 1961) was a pioneer executive who played a key role in the development of 1961)
• December 28 - Nikolai Bryukhanov, Soviet statesman and political figure who served as People's Commissar of Finances (d. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Nikolai Pavlovich Bryukhanov ( Russian: Николай Павлович Брюханов; last name sometimes transliterated as Briukhanov; party aliases 1938)
• December 31 - Elizabeth Arden, Canadian-born beautician and cosmetics entrepreneur (d. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Elizabeth Arden ( December 31, 1878 - October 19, 1966) was a Canadian businesswoman who built a cosmetics empire in the United 1966)
• December 31 - Horacio Quiroga, Argentina's writer was born in Salto, Uruguay (d. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Horacio Silvestre Quiroga Forteza (b Salto - Uruguay, December 31, 1878 – Buenos Aires - Argentina, February 19 1937)

Deaths

January - June

• January 8 - Nikolay Nekrasov, Russian poet (b. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Nikolay Alexeyevich Nekrasov (Никола́й Алексе́евич Некра́сов &ndash) was a Russian poet writer critic and publisher associate of Vissarion 1821)
• January 9 - King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (b. Year 1821 ( MDCCCXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Victor Emmanuel II King of Italy ( Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 – January 9, 1878) was the King of 1820)
• January 18 - Antoine César Becquerel, French scientist (b. Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Antoine César Becquerel ( March 7, 1788 &ndash January 18, 1878) was a French Scientist and a pioneer in the study of 1788)
• February 7 - Pope Pius IX (b. Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Blessed Pope Pius IX (May 13 1792 &ndash February 7 1878 born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, was Pope from June 16 1846 until 1878 1792)
• February 11 - Gideon Welles, American politician (b. Year 1792 ( MDCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Gideon Welles ( July 1, 1802 &ndash February 11, 1878) was the United States Secretary of the Navy from 1861 to 1869 1802)
• February 19 - Charles-Francois Daubigny, French painter (b. Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Charles-François Daubigny ( Paris, February 15 1817 &ndash February 19 1878 in Paris was one of the painters of the 1817)
• February 26 - Angelo Secchi, Italian astronomer (b. Year 1817 ( MDCCCXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Father Pietro Angelo Secchi SJ (29 June 1818 &ndash 26 February 1878] was an Italian astronomer. 1818)
• March 8 - Archduke Franz Karl of Austria (b. Year 1818 ( MDCCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion. Archduke Franz Karl Joseph of Austria ( 17 December 1802 &ndash 8 March 1878) was father of two emperors ( Austria and Mexico 1802)
• April 8 - Henrietta Treffz, soprano, first wife of Johann Strauss II (b. Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Henrietta Treffz, born Henrietta Chalupetzky ( 1 July 1818 &ndash 8 April 1878) was best known as the first wife of Johann Johann Strauss II (also known as Johann Strauss the Younger, Johann Strauss Jr 1818)
• April 12 - William Marcy Tweed, American politician (b. Year 1818 ( MDCCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. William M Tweed ( April 3, 1823 &ndash April 12, 1878) sometimes informally called Boss Tweed, was an American Politician 1823)
• April 25 - Anna Sewell, English author (b. Year 1823 ( MDCCCXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Anna Sewell ( March 30, 1820 &ndash April 25, 1878) was a British writer best known as the author of the classic novel Black 1820)
• May 28 - John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling John Russell 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 &ndash 28 May 1878 known as Lord John Russell before 1861 was an English The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom 1792)
• June 6
  • Robert Stirling, Scottish clergyman and inventor (b. Year 1792 ( MDCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year The Reverend Dr Robert Stirling ( October 25, 1790 &ndash June 6, 1878) was a Scottish Clergyman and inventor of the 1790)
  • Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers, Marshal of France (b. Year 1790 ( MDCCXC) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Louis-Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers, 1st Comte Baraguey d'Hilliers ( September 6, 1795 - June 6, 1878) was a Marshal of France 1795)
  • Porter Rockwell, Mormon bodyguard (b. Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Orrin Porter Rockwell ( June 28, 1813, or June 25, 1815 &ndash June 9 1878) was a colorful figure of the Wild 1815)
• June 12
  • George V of Hanover (b. Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. George V (George Frederick Alexander Charles Ernest Augustus 27 May 1819 &ndash 12 June 1878) was the last King of Hanover 1819)
  • Hendrik Jut, murderer (b. Year 1819 ( MDCCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar in the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Hendrik Jut ( July 19, 1851 - June 12, 1878) was a murderer from The Hague. 1851)

July - December

• July 1 - Catherine Winkworth, translator of hymns (b. 1851 ( MDCCCLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Catherine Winkworth ( September 13, 1827 - July 1, 1878) was an English translator 1827)
• July 17 - Aleardo Aleardi, Italian poet (b. Year 1827 ( MDCCCXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Aleardo Aleardi (born Gaetano Maria) ( November 14 1812 - July 17 1878) was an Italian poet who belonged to the so-called 1812)
• July 23 - Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, Bohemian pathologist, philosopher and politician (b. Year 1812 ( MDCCCXII) a leap year started on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1632 - Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe France. Baron Carl von Rokitansky ( German: Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, Czech: Karel Rokytanský) ( February 19, 1804 &ndash 1804)
• August 30 - James Geiss, English businessman (b. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1363 - Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders— Chen Youliang and James Geiss ( February 13, 1820 - August 30, 1878) was a noted nineteenth-century English Businessman from Dover 1820)
• November 16 - Princess Marie of Hesse dies aged for of diptheria. Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Marie of Hesse and by Rhine ( 8 August, 1824 - 8 June, 1880) was a princess of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and as Maria Alexandrovna Diphtheria ( Greek διφθερα ( diphthera)—“pair of leather scrolls" is an upper respiratory tract illness characterized by sore A disease which at the time the majority of her family suffered, and which her mother Alice of the United Kingdom succumbed to a month later. The Princess Alice (Alice Maud Mary 25 April 1843 &ndash 14 December 1878) was a member of the British Royal Family, the third
• November 20 - William Thomas (Islwyn), Welsh poet (b. Events 284 - Diocletian was chosen as Roman Emperor. 762 - Bögü Khan of the Uyghurs, William Thomas, Bardic name Islwyn ( April 3 1832 &ndash November 20 1878) was a Welsh language Poet 1832)
• November 28 - Orson Hyde, American religious leader (b. Year 1832 ( MDCCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events Orson Hyde ( January 8, 1805 &ndash November 28, 1878) was a leader in the early Latter Day Saint movement and an original member 1805)
• December 10 - Henry Wells, American businessman (b. Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Henry Wells ( December 12 1805 &ndash December 10 1878) was an American businessman important in the history of both the American 1805)
• December 14 - Princess Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine (b. Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people The Princess Alice (Alice Maud Mary 25 April 1843 &ndash 14 December 1878) was a member of the British Royal Family, the third 1843)

Year 1843 ( MDCCCXLIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common

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