| Centuries: | 18th century - 19th century - 20th century |
| Decades: | 1830s 1840s 1850s - 1860s - 1870s 1880s 1890s |
| Years: | 1866 1867 1868 - 1869 - 1870 1871 1872 |
| 1869 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature (Poetry) - Music - Science |
| Sports - Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - Germany - Ireland - New Zealand - Norway - South Africa - U. The pages listed below contain information about trends and events in particular centuries and millennia. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The twentieth century of the Common Era began on See also List of centuries, History This is a list of Decades in history including links to corresponding articles with more information about them Events and trends Electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday. Events and trends Technology First use of General anesthesia in an operation by Crawford Long. Events and Trends Industry Production of Steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman Events and trends Technology The First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA was completed in 1869 Events and Trends Technology The invention of the prototype telephone by Alexander G Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of Electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the " Mauve Decade" because William Henry Perkin 's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that This page indexes the individual Years pages Twenty-first century Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The year 1869 in archaeology involved some significant events The year 1869 in architecture involved some significant events Events Works Paintings See also Lawrence Alma-Tadema - The Wine Shop Gustave Courbet The year 1869 in literature involved some significant new books Events Works published Charles Baudelaire, Le Spleen de Paris/Petits Poémes en Prose (Paris Spleen W Events April 3 - Edvard Grieg 's Piano Concerto is premiered at Copenhagen 's Casino The year 1869 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Baseball The original Cincinnati Red Stockings field baseball's first fully professional team ten men including player-manager Harry Wright Events January events January 23 - George Westinghouse files for a Patent on his air brake. See also 1868 in Australia, other events of 1869, 1870 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. See also 1868 in Canada, other events of 1869, 1870 in Canada and the List of 'years in Canada'. Events The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland passes the Irish Church Disestablishment Act. Incumbents Regal and Vice Regal Head of State - Queen Victoria Governor – Sir George Ferguson Bowen See also 1868 in South Africa, other events of 1869, 1870 in South Africa and the Timeline of South African history. S. - UK |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Births - Deaths - Works |
Year 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). Incumbents Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom Prime Minister - William Gladstone, Liberal List of state leaders in 1868 - Events of 1869 - List of state leaders in 1870 - State leaders by year ---- Africa Portugal Angola - José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral, Governor-General of Angola ( 1868 - 1870) Roman numerals are a Numeral system originating in ancient Rome, adapted from Etruscan numerals. This is the Calendar for any Common year starting on Friday ( Dominical letter C) The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today This is the calendar for any Common year starting on Wednesday ( Dominical letter E) The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 Ab urbe condita
Contents |
Events of 1869
January - March
- January 1 - Sigma Nu, the first anti-hazing Honor/Social Fraternity, is founded. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC ΣΝ (Sigma Nu is an undergraduate College fraternity with chapters in the United States and Canada
- January 20 - Elizabeth Cady Stanton is the first woman to testify before the United States Congress. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Elizabeth Cady Stanton (November 12 1815 &ndash October 26 1902 was an American social activist and leading figure of the early woman's movement. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses
- January 21 - P.E.O._Sisterhood - A philanthropic educational organizationfor women, is founded at Iowa Wesleyan College in Mount Pleasant, Iowa. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. The PEO Sisterhood is an international women's organization of about 250000 members with a primary focus on providing educational opportunities for female students worldwide
- February 20 - Ranavalona II, the Merina Queen of Madagascar, is baptized. Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment Ranavalona II ( 1829 - 13 July 1883) was Queen of Madagascar from 1868 to 1883 succeeding Rasoherina. Not to be confused with Mirena. The Merina is the largest ethnic group in Madagascar. Madagascar, or Republic of Madagascar (older name Malagasy Republic) is an Island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern
- March 1 - North German Confederation issues 10gr and 30gr value stamps, printed on goldbeater's skin. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant The North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund came into existence in August 1866 as a military alliance of 22 states of northern Germany with the Kingdom of Groschen (Grossus Groschen grossone groš grosz garas гроші, грош grosh, gros грош was the (sometimes colloquial name for a Coin Goldbeater's skin — the outer membrane of Calf 's Intestine — is a Parchment traditionally used in the process of reducing gold into mere 1 μm
- March 4 - Ulysses S. Grant succeeds Andrew Johnson as the President of the United States of America. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by
- March 6 - Mendeleev makes a formal presentation to the Russian Chemical Society. Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (sometimes spelled Mendeleyev; Дми́трий Ива́нович Менделе́ев) ( &ndash) was a Russian chemist and Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending A chemical substance is a Material with a definite chemical composition. A society is a Population of Humans characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals that share a distinctive Culture and Institutions
April - June
- April 6 - The American Museum of Natural History is founded in New York. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus The American Museum of Natural History ( AMNH) located on the Upper West Side, Manhattan, New York, USA is one of the largest and most
- May 4-10 - Naval Battle of Hakodate in Korea. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. The was fought from 4 May - 10 1869, between the remnants of the Tokugawa shogunate navy consolidated into the armed forces of the rebel Ezo Republic
- May 6 - Purdue University is founded in West Lafayette, Indiana. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. West Lafayette (ˌwɛst ˌlɑːfeɪˈɛt is a city in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States, 65 miles (105km northwest of Indianapolis.
- May 10 - The Transcontinental Railroad is completed in Promontory, Utah. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. This article refers to a railroad built in the United States between Omaha and Sacramento completed in 1869
- May 15 - Woman's suffrage: In New York, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton form the National Woman's Suffrage Association. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Susan Brownell Anthony ( February 15, 1820 &ndash March 13, 1906) was a prominent American Civil rights leader who played Elizabeth Cady Stanton (November 12 1815 &ndash October 26 1902 was an American social activist and leading figure of the early woman's movement. The National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA was formed on May 15, 1869 in New York in response to a split in the American Equal Rights Association over
- May 26 - Boston University is chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place For similarly-named academic institutions see Education in Boston MA. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States.
- May 29 - British parliament passes the Capital Punishment within Prisons Bill, thus ending public hanging. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the
- June 1 - The Cincinnati Red Stockings open the baseball season as the first fully professional baseball team. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected The Cincinnati Red Stockings of 1869 were Baseball 's first openly all-professional team
- June 2 - Sherwood College is founded in Nainital. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Sherwood College established 1869, is a Boarding school, established by the British in India to educate British boys and the Indian elite Nainital is a town in the Indian state of Uttarakhand and headquarters of Nainital district in the Kumaon Foothills
- June 15 - John Wesley Hyatt patents the first plastic, Celluloid, in Albany, New York. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history John Wesley Hyatt ( November 28, 1837 &ndash May 10, 1920) was an American inventor Celluloid is the name of a class of compounds created from Nitrocellulose and Camphor, plus dyes and other agents
- June 18 - First Estonian song festival takes place in Tartu. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia ( Eesti or Eesti Vabariik) is a Country in Northern Europe in the Baltic region The Estonian Song Festival (laulupidu is an event which takes place in Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, every five years in the month of July Tartu is the second largest City of Estonia. In contrast to Estonia's political and financial capital Tallinn, Tartu is often considered the intellectual
July - September
- July 4 - University of Bucharest is founded. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples The University of Bucharest (Universitatea din Bucureşti in Romania, is a University founded in 1864 by Decree of Prince Alexander John Cuza
- August 9 - August Bebel and Wilhelm Liebknecht found the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP). Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus August Ferdinand Bebel ( February 22 1840 &ndash August 13 1913) was a German social democrat and one of the founders of the Wilhelm Liebknecht ( March 29, 1826 &ndash August 7, 1900) was a German Social democrat, one of the founders of the The Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany, in German Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands, SDAP was a German left-wing political
- August 31 - American scientist Mary Ward is killed in a car accident, possibly the first person ever to suffer this fate. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Mary Ward (1827 - 31 August 1869 was an Irish scientist who was killed when she fell under the wheels of an experimental steam car built by her cousins
- September 5 - The foundation stone is laid for Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria (southern Germany). Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Neuschwanstein Castle ( German: Schloss Neuschwanstein, lit New Swan Stone palace; nɔʏˈʃvaːnʃtaɪ̯n is a 19th-century Bavarian Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.
- September 11 - Work on the Wallace Monument is completed. Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul The National Wallace Monument (generally known as the Wallace Monument) is a tower standing on the summit of Abbey Craig, a hilltop near Stirling in
- September 24- The Fisk-Gould Scandal (also known as Black Friday) causes a financial panic in the United States. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. Black Friday, September 24 1869 also known as the Fisk-Gould Scandal, was a financial panic in the United States caused by two speculators’ efforts to corner the gold market
October - December
- October 16 - England's first residential college for women, Girton College, is founded. Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Girton College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England.
- November 4 - The first issue of the scientific journal Nature is published. Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani Nature is a prominent Scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869
- November 6 - The first game of American Football between two American colleges is played. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with Rutgers University defeats Princeton University 6 to 4 in a forerunner to American football and College football. Rutgers The State University of New Jersey (also known as Rutgers University) is the largest institution for higher education in the state of New Jersey Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, Colleges and military academies
- November 17 - In Egypt, the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, is inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. The Suez Canal is a Canal in Egypt. Opened in 1869 it allows Water transportation between Europe and Asia without circumnavigation The Red Sea is a Salt water Inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia.
- November 23 - In Dumbarton, Scotland the last surviving clipper ship, Cutty Sark, is launched. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Dumbarton ( Gaelic Dùn Breatainn d̪̊unˈb̊ɾʲɛhd̪̊ɪɲ is a Burgh in Scotland, lying on the north bank of the River Clyde Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Etymology The ship is named after the cutty sark ( Scots: a short Chemise or Undergarment)
- December 1 - The official transfer of Rupert's Land from the Hudson's Bay Company to the Dominion of Canada is executed. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land" was a territory in British North America, consisting of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, that
- December 10 - The first American chapter of Kappa Sigma is founded at the University of Virginia. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Traditional founding The Kappa Sigma Fraternity claims that its origins can be traced back to Bologna, Italy in 1400. The University of Virginia (also called UVa, UVA, Mr Jefferson's University, or The University) is a highly selective public research
- December 31 - Triple Alliance forces take Asunción. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. The War of the Triple Alliance, also known as the Paraguayan War, and the Great War in Paraguay itself was fought from 1864 to 1870 and caused more deaths than any Asunción (full name Nuestra Señora Santa María de la Asunción) population 1212112 (2002 is the Capital and largest city of Paraguay.
Undated
- Basutoland becomes a British protectorate. Lesotho (lɪˈsuːtuː &mdash had been populated by Khoi Khoi (Qhuaique for possibly as long as 40000 years In International law, a protectorate is a autonomous territory that is "protected" by a stronger state or entity hense the protector which engages to protect
- British parliament ends transportation to Australia as punishment for criminals. Transportation or penal transportation refers to the deporting of Convicted Criminals to a Penal colony, for example by France For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics.
- Mahbub Ali Pasha begins a 42-year reign as the Nizam of Hyderabad. Asaf Jah VI was the sixth Nizam of Hyderabad He ruled Hyderabad state, one of the Princely states in India between 1869 and 1911 Nizam ( Urdu: نظام) a shortened version of Nizam-ul-Mulk ( Urdu: نظامالملک) meaning Administrator of the Realm, was
- James Gordon Bennett, Jr. of the New York Herald asks Henry Morton Stanley to find Dr Livingstone. James Gordon Bennett Jr ( May 10, 1841 in &ndash May 14, 1918 in Beaulieu-sur-Mer, Alpes-Maritimes, France The New York Herald was a large distribution Newspaper based in New York City that existed between May 6, 1835 and 1924 Sir Henry Morton Stanley, GCB, born John Rowlands ( January 28 1841 &ndash May 10 1904) was a British journalist Dr David Livingstone (19 March 1813 &ndash 1 May 1873 was a British Congregationalist pioneer medical Missionary with the London Missionary Society
- The Meiji Emperor of Japan accepts the surrender of the four most powerful clans--(Chōshū, Tosa, Hizen, and Satsuma)--and reappoints the clan chiefs as Provincial Governors on reduced revenues. The (3 November 1852 — 30 July 1912 or Meiji the Great was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession reigning from 3 February The was a Feudal domain of Japan during the Edo period (1603-1867 occupying the whole of modern day Yamaguchi Prefecture. is the name of a fomer province of Japan in the area that is today Kochi prefecture on Shikoku. Hizen (肥前国 Hizen no kuni was an old province of Japan which bordered on Chikuzen and Chikugo. This article is about the province For alternative meanings of the word Satsuma, see Satsuma (disambiguation was an old province
- Abdur Rahman Khan is exiled from Afghanistan. Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت,
- Southern Illinois University Carbondale is founded. Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC but usually just referred to as SIU) is located in Carbondale, Illinois.
- The co-operative Central Board (later Co-operatives UK) is founded in Manchester. Co-operativesUK is "the central membership organisation for co-operative enterprise throughout the UK " a co-operative federation
- The Glasgow University Rugby Football Club (GURFC) is founded
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1869 MDCCCLXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2622 |
| Armenian calendar | 1318 ԹՎ ՌՅԺԸ |
| Bahá'í calendar | 25 – 26 |
| Berber calendar | 2819 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2413 |
| Burmese calendar | 1231 |
| Chinese calendar | 4505/4565-11-19 (戊辰年十一月十九日) — to —
4506/4566-11-29(己巳年十一月廿九日) |
| Coptic calendar | 1585 – 1586 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1861 – 1862 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5629 – 5630 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1924 – 1925 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1791 – 1792 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4970 – 4971 |
| Holocene calendar | 11869 |
| Iranian calendar | 1247 – 1248 |
| Islamic calendar | 1285 – 1286 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 2 (明治2年) |
| Korean calendar | 4202 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2412 |
January - June
- January 4 - Tommy Corcoran, American baseball player (d. This article is about the Glasgow University Rugby Football Club for the Georgetown club click here. The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today Ab Urbe condita (literally "from The Armenian calendar is the traditional calendar of Armenia. The Bahá'í calendar, also called the Badí‘ calendar, used by the Bahá'í Faith, is a Solar calendar with regular years of 365 days and Leap The Berber calendar is the annual Calendar used by Berber people in North Africa. The Buddhist calendar is used on mainland Southeast Asia in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar (formerly Burma The traditional Burmese calendar is a Lunisolar calendar based on both the phases of the moon and the motion of the sun The Chinese calendar is lunisolar, incorporating elements of a Lunar calendar with those of a Solar calendar. The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church and still used in Egypt The Ethiopian calendar ( Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር ye'Ītyōṗṗyā zemen āḳoṭaṭer) also called the Ge'ez calendar, The Hebrew calendar (הלוח העברי ha'luach ha'ivri) or Jewish calendar is a Lunisolar calendar used by Jews for predominantly religious Calendar Events Births Deaths Calendar Events Births Deaths The Hindu calendar used in ancient times has undergone many changes in the process of regionalization and today there are several regional Indian Calendars, as The Indian national calendar (sometimes called Saka calendar) is the official civil calendar in use in India. Kali Yuga ( Devanāgarī: sa कलियुग lit "Age of Kali " "age of vice" is one of the four stages of development that the world goes The Iranian calendar or Solar Hejri (تقویم هجری شمسی؛ سالنمای هجری خورشیدی Taqwim Hejri Shamsi Salanmay Hejri Khurshidi) is an astronomical The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری Since January 1, 1873, Japan has used the Gregorian calendar, with local names for the months and mostly fixed holidays The, or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of the Meiji Emperor, running in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July The traditional Korean calendar is a Lunisolar calendar which like the traditional calendars of other East Asian countries was based on the Chinese calendar The Thai solar calendar, Suriyakati (สุริยคติ has been the official and prevalent Calendar in Thailand since it was adopted by King Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. 1960)
- January 10 - Grigori Rasputin, Russian mystic (d. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. 1916)
- January 15 - Stanisław Wyspiański, Polish dramatist, poet, painter, and architect (d. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Stanisław Wyspiański was born on the 15th of January 1869 and died on the 28th of November 1907 in Kraków. 1907)
- February 11 - Helene Kroller-Muller, Dutch museum founder and patron of the arts (d. Year 1907 ( MCMVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Helene Kröller-Müller ( February 11, 1869 &ndash December 14, 1939) was one of the first European women to put together a major art collection 1939)
- February 14 - Charles Wilson, Scottish physicist and Nobel laureate (d. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Charles Thomson Rees Wilson CH ( February 14, 1869 &ndash November 15, 1959) was a Scottish Physicist and The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature 1959)
- February 26 - Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya, a RussianMarxist revolutionary and Vladimir Lenin's wife (d. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed The Russian people (Русские— Russkie) are an East Slavic Ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. 1939)
- March 3
- Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal and archbishop (d. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Michael Cardinal von Faulhaber (born March 3, 1869 in Klosterheidenfeld Unterfranken, died June 12, 1952 in Munich 1952)
- Henry Wood, British conductor (d. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Sir Henry Joseph Wood, CH ( 3 March 1869 1944)
- March 12 - George William Forbes, New Zealand Prime Minister and first leader of the New Zealand National Party (d. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving George William Forbes (12 March 1869 - 17 May 1947 served as Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1930 to 1935 The New Zealand National Party ("National" or "the Nats" currently forms the second-largest (in terms of parliamentary seats Political party 1947)
- March 14 - Algernon Blackwood, English writer (d. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. Algernon Henry Blackwood, CBE ( 14 March 1869 &ndash 10 December 1951) was an English writer of Fiction 1951)
- March 18 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor Arthur Neville Chamberlain (18 March 1869 &ndash 9 November 1940 was a British Conservative Politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom 1940)
- March 21 - Florenz Ziegfeld, American theatrical producer (d. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Florenz Ziegfeld Jr ( March 21, 1869 &ndash July 22, 1932) called Flo Ziegfeld, was an American Broadway 1932)
- March 22 - Emilio Aguinaldo, first President of the Philippines (d. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 238 - Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperor. For the municipality see Gen Emilio Aguinaldo Cavite General Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy ( March 22, 1869 &ndash February 6 1964)
- April 2 - Hughie Jennings, American baseball player (d. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Hugh Ambrose Jennings ( April 2, 1869 &ndash February 1, 1928) was a Major League Baseball player and manager from 1891-1925 1928)
- April 4 - Mary Colter, American architect (d. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter ( April 4 1869 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania &ndash January 8 1958) was an American architect 1958)
- April 8 - Harvey Cushing, American neurosurgeon (d. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Harvey Williams Cushing ( April 8, 1869 - October 7, 1939) was an American neurosurgeon and a pioneer of Brain surgery 1939)
- April 11 - Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor (d. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Gustav Vigeland ( April 11 1869 &ndash March 12 1943) was a Norwegian sculptor. 1943)
- April 27 - May Moss, Australian women's rights activist (d. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Alice Frances Mabel (May Moss (née Wilson ( April 27 1869 - July 18 1948) was an Australian women's rights activist 1948)
- May 5 - Hans Pfitzner, German composer (d. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Hans Erich Pfitzner ( May 5, 1869 &ndash May 22, 1949)
- May 20 - John Stone Stone, American physicist and inventor (d. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held John Stone Stone ( September 24, 1869 &ndash May 20, 1943) was an American mathematician, Physicist 1943)
- June 17 - Flora Finch, English-born comedian (d. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1462 - Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II ( The Night Attack) forcing him to retreat Flora Finch ( June 17 1867, London &ndash January 4 1940, Los Angeles) was an English -born film Actress 1940)
- June 27 - Hans Spemann, German embryologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Hans Spemann ( June 27, 1869 &ndash September 9, 1941) was a German embryologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. 1941)
July - December
- August 10 - Lawrence Binyon, English poet and scholar (d. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire Robert Laurence Binyon ( 10 August 1869 at Lancaster &ndash 10 March 1943 at Reading Berkshire) was an English 1943)
- September 3 - Fritz Pregl, Austrian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius Fritz Pregl ( September 3, 1869 &ndash December 13, 1930) was an Austrian Slovene Physician and Chemist The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1930)
- September 17 - Christian Lous Lange, Norwegian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec Christian Lous Lange ( September 17 1869 &ndash December 11 1938) was born in Stavanger, Norway, and received the Master The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor 1938)
- September 23 - Mary Mallon, "Typhoid Mary" (d. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English 1938)
- October 2 - Mahatma Gandhi, Indian political leader, Father of the Nation (d. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January Pater Patriae (plural Patres Patriae) also seen as Parens Patriae, is a Latin Honorific meaning " Father 1948)
- October 25 - John Heisman, American football coach (d. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a John William Heisman ( October 23, 1869 &ndash October 3, 1936) was a prominent American football player and College football 1936)
- November 10 - Wayne Wheeler, American temperance movement leader (d. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Wayne Bidwell Wheeler ( November 10, 1869 – September 5, 1927) was an American Attorney and prohibitionist See also Prohibition, Teetotalism The Temperance Movement attempted to reduce the amount of Alcohol consumed within a community or society in 1927)
- November 11 - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (d. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Victor Emmanuel III (Vittorio Emanuele III 11 November, 1869 – 28 December, 1947) was a member of the House of Savoy and 1947)
- November 20 - Herbert Tudor Buckland, seminal British Arts and crafts architect (d. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 284 - Diocletian was chosen as Roman Emperor. 762 - Bögü Khan of the Uyghurs, Herbert Tudor Buckland ( November 20, 1869 - 1951 was a British Architect, best known for his seminal Arts and Crafts houses (several Arts and crafts comprise a whole host of activities and hobbies that are related to making things with one's own hands and skill 1951)
- November 22 - André Gide, French writer and Nobel laureate (d. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred 1951)
- November 25 - Herbert Greenfield, Premier of Alberta, Canada (d. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the Herbert W Greenfield ( November 25, 1869 in Winchester, England &ndash August 23, 1949 in Calgary) The Premier of Alberta is the First minister for the Canadian province of Alberta. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page 1949)
- November 30 - Gustaf Dalén, Swedish physicist and Nobel laureate (d. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats Nils Gustaf Dalén ( November 30, 1869 &ndash December 9 1937) was a Swedish Nobel Laureate and industrialist the founder of the The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 1937)
- December 16 - Hristo Tatarchev, Bulgarian revolutionary and leader of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia and Eastern Thrace
- December 22 - Edwin Arlington Robinson, American poet (d. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion Hristo Tatarchev (Христо Татарчев December 16 1869 - January 5 1952) was a revolutionary and leader of the revolutionary The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian Macedonia ( Μακεδονία, Makedonía,) is a geographical and historical region of Greece in southeastern Europe East Thrace, or Eastern Thrace (Източна Тракия Iztochna Trakiya; Ανατολική Θράκη or Turkish Thrace, is the part of the modern Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Edwin Arlington Robinson ( December 22, 1869 &ndash April 6, 1935) was an American Poet, who won three Pulitzer 1935)
- December 22 - Nathan Paine, American lumber baron (d. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies A business magnate, sometimes referred to as a mogul, tycoon, baron, or industrialist, is a person who has reached a prominent place in 1947)
- December 30 - Stephen Leacock, British-Canadian author and economist (d. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Stephen Butler Leacock PhD, FRSC ( 30 December 1869 &ndash 28 March 1944) was a Canadian writer and 1944)
- December 31 - Henri Matisse, French painter (d. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Henri Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954 was a French Artist, known for his use of Colour and his fluid brilliant and original draughtsmanship 1954)
- See also Category: 1869 births. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar)
Deaths
January - June
- January 1
- Martin W. Bates, American senator (b. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Martin Waltham Bates ( February 24 1786 &ndash January 1 1869) was a Lawyer and Politician from Dover, 1786)
- James B. Longacre, fourth Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint (b. Year 1786 ( MDCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common James Barton Longacre ( August 11, 1794 &ndash January 1, 1869) an American engraver was the fourth Chief Engraver of the The United States Mint primarily produces circulating coinage for the United States to conduct its Trade and Commerce. 1794)
- January 30 - William Carleton, Irish novelist (b. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain This is about the Irish novelist For other uses see William Carleton (disambiguation. 1794)
- February 15 - Mirza Ghalib, Indian poet (b. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Dabeer-ul-Mulk Najm-ud-daulah Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan ( Urdu / Persian: مرزا اسد اللہ بیگ خان) Pen-name 1796). Year 1796 ( MDCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
- March 8 - Hector Berlioz, French composer (b. Events 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion. 1803)
- March 20 - John Pascoe Grenfell, British admiral of the Brazilian Navy (b. 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1600 - The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden. Admiral John Pascoe Grenfell (1800 &ndash 1869 was an Officer in the Brazilian Navy who spent most of his service in South America campaigns most notably under the leadership 1800)
- March 24 - Antoine-Henri Jomini, French general (b. Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland Antoine-Henri baron Jomini ( March 6, 1779 &ndash March 24, 1869) General in the French and afterwards in the Russian 1779)
- April 20 - Carl Loewe, German composer (b. Year 1779 ( MDCCLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1303 - The University of Rome La Sapienza is instituted by Pope Boniface VIII. Johann Carl Gottfried Loewe ( November 30, 1796 - April 20, 1869) usually called Carl Loewe, was a German Composer 1796)
- June 16 - Charles Sturt, Australian explorer (b. Year 1796 ( MDCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses. Captain Charles Napier Sturt (28 April 1795 – 16 June 1869 was an English explorer of Australia, part of the European Exploration of Australia 1795)
- June 20 - Hijikata Toshizou, Japanese military commander (b. Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 451 - Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius ' defeats Attila the Hun. Hijikata Toshizō (土方歳三 May 31, 1835 — June 20, 1869) was the deputy leader of Shinsengumi, a small-built and talented 1835)
July - December
- July 18 - Laurent Clerc, American advocate for the deaf (b. Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, Laurent Clerc (born Louis Laurent Marie Clerc ( 26 December 1785 &ndash 18 July 1869) was called "The Apostle of the deaf in 1785)
- August 31 - Mary Ward, American scientist and the first car accident victim (b. Year 1785 ( MDCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Mary Ward (1827 - 31 August 1869 was an Irish scientist who was killed when she fell under the wheels of an experimental steam car built by her cousins 1827)
- September 4 - John Pascoe Fawkner, Australian pioneer, settler and politician, Melbourne, Victoria. Year 1827 ( MDCCCXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself John Pascoe Fawkner ( 20 October 1792 – 4 September 1869) was an early pioneer businessman and politician of Melbourne, (b. 1792)
- September 12 - Peter Roget, British lexicographer (b. Year 1792 ( MDCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Peter Mark Roget roʊˈʒeɪ ( January 18, 1779 &ndash September 12, 1869) was a British Physician, Natural theologian 1779)
- October 13 - Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French literary critic (b. Year 1779 ( MDCCLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees Saint Beuve redirects here For the eponymous saint see Beuve Abbess of Saint Pierre de Reims. 1804)
- October 23 - Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Edward Smith-Stanley redirects here for other persons with that name see Edward Stanley Lord Stanley The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom 1799)
- December 18 - Louis Moreau Gottschalk, American composer and pianist (b. Year 1799 ( MDCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Louis Moreau Gottschalk ( May 8, 1829 &ndash December 18, 1869) was an American Composer and Pianist, best known 1829)
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