Centuries:	18th century - 19th century - 20th century
Decades:	1830s  1840s  1850s  - 1860s -  1870s  1880s  1890s
Years:	1862 1863 1864 - 1865 - 1866 1867 1868

1865 in topic:

Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -

Art - Literature (Poetry) - Music - Science

Sports - Rail Transport

Countries:     Australia - Canada - Germany - Ireland - New Zealand - Norway - South Africa - U. The pages listed below contain information about trends and events in particular centuries and millennia. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The twentieth century of the Common Era began on See also List of centuries, History This is a list of Decades in history including links to corresponding articles with more information about them Events and trends Electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday. Events and trends Technology First use of General anesthesia in an operation by Crawford Long. Events and Trends Industry Production of Steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman Events and trends Technology The First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA was completed in 1869 Events and Trends Technology The invention of the prototype telephone by Alexander G Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of Electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the " Mauve Decade" because William Henry Perkin 's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that This page indexes the individual Years pages Twenty-first century Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The year 1865 in archaeology involved some significant events The year 1865 in architecture involved some significant events Events Ford Madox Brown completes his painting Work, after thirteen years The year 1865 in literature involved some significant new books Events Works published Matthew Arnold, Essays in Criticism First Series, including "The Function of Criticism at the Present Time" Events January 1 - Hector Berlioz completes his Memoirs April 28 - Giacomo Meyerbeer 's Opera The year 1865 in Science and Technology involved some significant events listed below Baseball The champion Atlantic club of Brooklyn New York wins all 18 matches a two-season run with one tie Events January events January 5 - The Festiniog Railway in North Wales officially opens to passengers the first Narrow See also 1864 in Australia, other events of 1865, 1866 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. See also 1864 in Canada, other events of 1865, 1866 in Canada and the Timeline of Canadian history. Events Work begins on the building of the Albert Memorial Clock Belfast, as a memorial to Queen Victoria's late Prince Consort, Incumbents Regal and Vice Regal Head of State - Queen Victoria Governor – Sir George Grey See also 1864 in South Africa, other events of 1865, 1866 in South Africa and the Timeline of South African history. S. - UK

Leaders:   State leaders - Colonial governors

Category: Establishments - Disestablishments

Births - Deaths - Works v • d • e

Year 1865 (MDCCLXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). Incumbents Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom Prime Minister - Henry Temple 3rd Viscount Palmerston, List of state leaders in 1864 - Events of 1865 - List of state leaders in 1866 - State leaders by year ---- Africa France Porto-Novo - # Marius Daumas, Agent ( 1863 - 1865) # Porto-Novo no longer a protectorate Roman numerals are a Numeral system originating in ancient Rome, adapted from Etruscan numerals. This is the calendar for any Common year starting on Sunday ( Dominical letter A) or for any year in which “ Doomsday ” is Tuesday The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today This is the Calendar for any Common year starting on Friday ( Dominical letter C) The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 Ab urbe condita

Contents 1 Events of 1865 1.1 January - March 1.2 April - June 1.3 July - September 1.4 October - December 1.5 Undated 1.6 Ongoing events 2 Births 2.1 January - June 2.2 July - December 3 Deaths 3.1 January - June 3.2 July - December

Events of 1865

January - March

• January 1 - Hector Berlioz finishes his Memoirs. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC
• January 13 - American Civil War: The Second Battle of Fort Fisher begins when United States forces launch a major amphibious assault against the Confederate stronghold of Fort Fisher, North Carolina. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Second Battle of Fort Fisher was a joint assault by Union army and naval forces against Fort Fisher, outside Wilmington North Carolina, near the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Fort Fisher was a Confederate fort during the American Civil War. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States
• January 15 - American Civil War: United States forces capture Fort Fisher. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South
• January 31 - American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief. Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Robert Edward Lee (January 19 1807 &ndash October 12 1870 was a career United States Army officer, an Engineer, and among the most celebrated
• February 17 - American Civil War: Columbia, South Carolina burns as Confederate forces flee from advancing Union forces. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Columbia is the state capital and largest city in the US state of South Carolina. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
• February 22 - Tennessee adopts a new constitution that abolishes slavery. Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Tennessee ( is a state located in the Southern United States. A constitution is a system for government often Codified as a written document that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another
• March 3 - The U.S. Congress authorizes formation of the Freedmen's Bureau. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses The Bureau of Refugees Freedmen and Abandoned Lands (usually referred to as the Freedmen's Bureau) was a U
• March 4 - US President Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated for second term. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal Andrew Johnson becomes Vice President. Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination
• March 13 - American Civil War: The Confederate States of America agrees to the use of African American troops. Events 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected Antipope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa
• March 18 - American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States of America adjourns for the last time. Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South
• March 19 - American Civil War: The Battle of Bentonville begins. Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Battle of Bentonville was fought March 19 &ndash 21, 1865, in Bentonville North Carolina, near the current town of Four Oaks By the end of the battle on the 21st the Confederate forces had retreated from Four Oaks, North Carolina. Four Oaks is a town in Johnston County, North Carolina, United States.
• March 25
  • The "Claywater Meteorite" explodes just before reaching ground level in Vernon County, Wisconsin. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. A meteorite is a natural object originating in Outer space that survives an impact with the Earth 's surface Vernon County is a county in the US state of Wisconsin. As of 2000 the population was 28056 Fragments having a combined mass of 1. 5 kg were recovered.
  • American Civil War: In Virginia, Confederate forces capture Fort Steadman from the Union. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state The Battle of Fort Stedman was fought on March 25, 1865, during the final days of the American Civil War. Lee's army suffers heavy casualties during the battle of Fort Stedman—about 2,900, including 1,000 captured in the Union counterattack. Confederate positions are weakened. After the battle, Lee's defeat was only a matter of time.

April - June

• April 1 - American Civil War: Battle of Five Forks - In Petersburg, Virginia, Confederate General Robert E. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Battle of Five Forks was fought on April 1, 1865, southwest of Petersburg Virginia, in Dinwiddie County, during the Appomattox Petersburg is an Independent city in Virginia, United States located on the Appomattox River. Lee begins his final offensive.
• April 2 - American Civil War: Confederate President Jefferson Davis and most of his Cabinet flee the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia which is taken the next day. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Jefferson Finis Davis ( June 3, 1808 &ndash December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as President of the This article is about the city of Richmond the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
• April 6 - German Chemicals producer, Badische Anilin- und Sodafabrik(BASF) founded in Mannheim. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals BASF SE () is a German chemical company and the largest chemical company in the world Mannheim is a City in Germany. With 327318 inhabitants it is the second-largest city in the state of Baden-Württemberg after the capital Stuttgart
• April 9 - American Civil War: General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, effectively ending the American Civil War. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Robert Edward Lee (January 19 1807 &ndash October 12 1870 was a career United States Army officer, an Engineer, and among the most celebrated Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States Appomattox Court House is a village located three miles (5 km east of Appomattox, Virginia, USA (25 miles east of Lynchburg Virginia, in the
• April 14
  • U. S. President Abraham Lincoln is shot at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. by John Wilkes Booth. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, one of the last major events in the American Civil War, took place on Good Friday, April 14, 1865, when Ford's Theatre is a historic Theatre in Washington DC, used for various Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D Abraham Lincoln assassination John Wilkes Booth (May 10 1838 – April 26 1865 was an American stage actor who assassinated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the
  • US Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked in his home by Lewis Powell. This article is about the New York Governor and Secretary of State Lewis Thornton Powell ( April 22, 1844 &ndash July 7, 1865) also known as Lewis Paine or Payne, attempted unsuccessfully
• April 15 - Vice President Andrew Johnson becomes the 17th President of the United States, upon the death of President Abraham Lincoln. Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination
• April 18 - Confederate President Jefferson Davis and his entire cabinet arrive in Charlotte with a contingent of 1,000 soldiers. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Jefferson Finis Davis ( June 3, 1808 &ndash December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as President of the
• April 21 - German Chemicals producer BASF moves its headquarters and factories from Mannheim to the Hemshof District of Ludwigshafen. Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date) Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals BASF SE () is a German chemical company and the largest chemical company in the world Mannheim is a City in Germany. With 327318 inhabitants it is the second-largest city in the state of Baden-Württemberg after the capital Stuttgart Hemshof is one of the oldest city districts of Ludwigshafen Am Rhein Germany. Ludwigshafen am Rhein is a City in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
• April 26
  • Union cavalry corner John Wilkes Booth and cavalryman Boston Corbett shoots the assassin dead. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Abraham Lincoln assassination John Wilkes Booth (May 10 1838 – April 26 1865 was an American stage actor who assassinated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the Thomas P "Boston" Corbett (1832 &ndash presumed dead 1894 was the Union Army soldier who shot and killed Abraham Lincoln 's assassin
  • American Civil War: Confederate General Joseph Johnston surrenders his army to General William Tecumseh Sherman at Durham Station, North Carolina. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Joseph Eggleston Johnston (February 3 1807 &ndash March 21 1891 was a career U North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States
• April 27
  • The steamboat Sultana, carrying 2,300 passengers, explodes and sinks in the Mississippi River, killing 1,700, most of whom were Union survivors of the Andersonville Prison. Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a Propeller The Steamboat Sultana was a Mississippi River Paddlewheeler destroyed in an explosion on 27 April, 1865. The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Andersonville is a city in Sumter County, Georgia, United States.
  • Governor of New York, Reuben Fenton, signs a bill formally creating Cornell University in US. The Governor of New York is the head of the Executive branch of New York 's government and the Commander-in-chief of the state's military Reuben Eaton Fenton ( July 4, 1819 Carroll, Chautauqua County New York - 15 August 1885 Jamestown,

• May 1 - Triple Alliance of Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay against Paraguay is formally signed - War of the Triple Alliance has already begun. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Uruguay.(official full name in República Oriental del Uruguay;, Oriental Republic of Uruguay) is a country located in the southeastern part of South America Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay ( Spanish: República del Paraguay; Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái) is one of the only The War of the Triple Alliance, also known as the Paraguayan War, and the Great War in Paraguay itself was fought from 1864 to 1870 and caused more deaths than any
• May 4 - American Civil War: Confederate General Richard Taylor, commanding all Confederate forces in Alabama, Mississippi, and eastern Louisiana, surrenders his forces to Union General E.R.S. Canby at Citronelle, Alabama, effectively ending the Civil War. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Richard Taylor ( January 27 1826 &ndash April 12 1879) was a Confederate General in the American Civil War. Alabama (formally the State of Alabama;) is a State located in the southern region of the United States of America. Mississippi ( is a state located in the Deep South of the United States The State of Louisiana ( or, État de Louisiane, pronounced) is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America Edward Richard Sprigg Canby (November 9 1817 &ndash April 11 1873 was a career United States Army officer and a Union General in the American Civil Citronelle is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States.
• May 5
  • In North Bend, Ohio (a suburb of Cincinnati), the first train robbery in the United States takes place. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John North Bend is a village in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States, along the Ohio River. Train robbery is a type of Robbery, in which the goal is to steal Money or other valuables being carried aboard Trains They were more common in the past
  • Jefferson Davis meets with his Confederate Cabinet (14 officials) for the last time, in Washington, Georgia, and the Confederate Government is officially dissolved. Jefferson Finis Davis ( June 3, 1808 &ndash December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as President of the
• May 10 - American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is captured by Union troops near Irwinville, Georgia. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Jefferson Finis Davis ( June 3, 1808 &ndash December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as President of the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
• May 13 - American Civil War: Battle of Palmito Ranch - In far south Texas, more than a month after Confederate General Lee's surrender, the last land battle of the civil war ends with a Confederate victory. Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Battle of Palmito Ranch, also known as the Battle of Palmito Hill and the Battle of Palmeto Ranch, was fought on May 12 &ndash May 13 Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Robert Edward Lee (January 19 1807 &ndash October 12 1870 was a career United States Army officer, an Engineer, and among the most celebrated A civil war is a War between a State and domestic political actors that are in control of some part of the territory claimed by the state
• May 23 - Parade down Pennsylvania Ave in Washington, DC to celebrate the ending of the American Civil War. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South
• May 25 - Mobile magazine explosion: 300 are killed in Mobile, Alabama when an ordnance depot explodes. Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. On May 25, 1865, in Mobile Alabama, in the Southern United States, an ordnance depot or "magazine" exploded killing some 300 persons
• June 2 - American Civil War ends - Confederate forces west of the Mississippi under General Edmund Kirby Smith surrender at Galveston, Texas, becoming the last to do so. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to Edmund Kirby Smith (May 16 1824 – March 28 1893 was a career United States Army officer an educator and a general in the Confederate Army during "Galveston" redirects here For the town in the US state of Indiana see Galveston Indiana.
• June 11 - Brazilian navy squadron defeats Paraguayan navy at the Battle of Riachuelo. Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes. The naval Battle of Riachuelo was a key point in the War of the Triple Alliance.

• June 19 - American Civil War: Union Major General Gordon Granger lands at Galveston, Texas and informs the people of Texas of the Emancipation Proclamation. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Gordon Granger ( November 6, 1822 &ndash January 10, 1876) was a career U "Galveston" redirects here For the town in the US state of Indiana see Galveston Indiana. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The Emancipation Proclamation consists of two executive orders issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War. This event is celebrated each year as Juneteenth. Juneteenth, also known as Freedom Day or Emancipation Day, is an official annual holiday in 29 Twelve other states list it as an official holiday including
• June 23 - American Civil War: At Fort Towson in Oklahoma Territory Confederate General Stand Watie, a Cherokee Indian, surrenders the last significant rebel army. Events 1180 - First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in Japan 1305 - The Flemish Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Fort Towson was a Frontier outpost for Frontier Army Quartermasters along the Permanent Indian Frontier located about two miles northeast of the Oklahoma Territory was an Organized territory of the United States from May 2, 1890 until November 16, 1907, when Stand Watie ( 12 December 1806 &ndash 9 September 1871) (also known as Standhope Oowatie, Degataga "stand An army (from Latin Armata "act of arming" via Old French armée) in the broadest sense is the land-based Armed forces
• June 25 - James Hudson Taylor founds the China Inland Mission at Brighton. Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians Youth and early work Taylor was born in Barnsley, Yorkshire, England, the son of a chemist ( Pharmacist) and Methodist OMF International (formerly Overseas Missionary Fellowship and before that the China Inland Mission before 1964 is an interdenominational Brighton ( is a town on the south coast of England and with its neighbour Hove, forms the city of Brighton and Hove. England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

July - September

• July - The Christian Mission, later renamed the Salvation Army, is founded in Whitechapel, London by William and Catherine Booth. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865 is a novel written by English author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson better known under the Pseudonym Lewis Events in July The traditional period known as "fence month" (the closed season for deer in England ended July 9 (date varied The Salvation Army is a Christian charity and church that is internally organised like a military service. Whitechapel is a built-up Inner city district in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. William Booth ( April 10, 1829 &ndash August 20, 1912) was a British Methodist preacher who founded The Salvation Catherine Booth ( 17 January 1829 &ndash 4 October 1890) was the Mother of The Salvation Army.
• July 4 - Lewis Carroll publishes Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (ˈdɒdsən (27 January 1832 &ndash 14 January 1898 better known by the Pen name Lewis Carroll (/ˈkærəl/ was an English Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865 is a novel written by English author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson better known under the Pseudonym Lewis
• July 5
  • US Secret Service is founded. Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England.
  • First speed limit is introduced in Britain - 2 mph in town and 4 mph in the country. For a discussion of the maximum speed possible in the universe see Speed of light and Special relativity. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
• July 7 - Following Abraham Lincoln's assassination on April 14, the four condemned to death, during the trial, are hanged, including David Herold, George Atzerodt, Lewis Payne and Mary Surratt. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Hanging is the lethal suspension of a person by a ligature The Oxford English Dictionary states that hanging in this sense is "specifically to put to death David Edgar Herold ( June 16, 1842 &ndash July 7, 1865) conspired with John Wilkes Booth to assassinate Abraham Lincoln George Andreas Atzerodt ( June 12, 1835 &ndash July 7, 1865)[http//www Lewis Thornton Powell ( April 22, 1844 &ndash July 7, 1865) also known as Lewis Paine or Payne, attempted unsuccessfully Mary Elizabeth Eugenia Jenkins Surratt (May/June 1823 in Waterloo Maryland, USA &ndash July 7, 1865 in Washington D Her son, John Surratt, escapes execution by fleeing to Canada and - ultimately - to Egypt. John Surratt ( April 13, 1844 &ndash April 21, 1916) son of Mary Surratt, was accused of plotting to kidnap U Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics.
• July 14 - The summit of the Matterhorn in the Alps is reached for the first time; four of the party of seven die in a fall during the descent. Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. "Cervino" redirects here For the Italian town see Cervino (CE.

• July 21 - In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots Dave Tutt dead in what is regarded as the first true western showdown. Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World Springfield is a city in Christian and Greene Counties in the U James Butler Hickok ( May 27, 1837 &ndash August 2, 1876) better known as Wild Bill Hickok, was a figure in the American Old
• July 27 - Welsh settlers arrive in Argentina at Chubut Valley. Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. The Chubut River ( Spanish, Río Chubut) is a river in Patagonia, Southern Argentina.
• July 30 - The steamer Brother Jonathan sinks off the California coast, killing 225. Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off The Brother Jonathan was a Paddle steamer that crashed on an uncharted rock near Point St
• July 31 - First narrow gauge mainline railway in the world opens at Grandchester, Australia. Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Grandchester is a town in the Lockyer Valley region in South East Queensland, Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics.
• August 25 - Fall of the Shergotty meteorite Mars meteorite in Sherghati, Gaya, Bihar, India. Events 1248 - The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III the The Shergotty meteorite is the first example of the shergottite Mars meteorite family

October - December

• October 11 - Paul Bogle leads hundreds of black men and women in a march in Jamaica, starting the Morant Bay rebellion. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed Paul Bogle (1822 - 1865 was a Baptist Deacon and a Jamaican rebel Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. The Morant Bay rebellion began on October 11 1865 when Paul Bogle led 200 to 300 black men and women into the town of Morant Bay, parish of St
• November 10 - Major Henry Wirz, the superintendent of a prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, is hanged, becoming the only American Civil War soldier to be executed for war crimes. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Heinrich Hartmann Wirz, better known as Henry Wirz (November 1822 &ndash November 10, 1865 was a Confederate officer tried and executed in the aftermath Andersonville is a city in Sumter County, Georgia, United States. Hanging is the lethal suspension of a person by a ligature The Oxford English Dictionary states that hanging in this sense is "specifically to put to death Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Capital punishment, the death penalty or execution, is the Killing of a person by judicial process as Punishment. War crimes are "violations of the laws or customs of war" including but not limited to "murder the ill-treatment or deportation of civilian residents of an occupied
• November 26 - Battle of Papudo: The Spanish ship Covadonga is captured by the Chileans and the Peruvians, north of Valparaiso, Chile. Events 43 BC - The Second Triumvirate alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ("Octavian" later "Caesar Augustus" The Naval Battle of Papudo was a naval engagement fought between Spanish and Chilean forces on November 26, 1865, during the Chincha Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. Valparaíso (literally in Spanish: Valle Paraíso (Paradise Valley and also called "Valpo" locally is a major city in Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the
• December 10 - Léopold II becomes King of the Belgians. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Leopold II (Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor Leopold Lodewijk Filips Maria Victor (9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909 was King of the Belgians.
• December 11 - U.S. Congress created the House Appropriations Committee and the Committee on Banking and Commerce, reducing the tasks of the Committee on Ways and Means. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses The Committee on Appropriations is a committee of the United States House of Representatives. Committee of Ways and Means is the chief Tax -writing committee of the United States House of Representatives.
• December 18 - Thirteenth Constitutional amendment declared ratified by three-fourths of the States of the United States. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the It forever abolished slavery.
• December 21 - Kappa Alpha Order founded at Washington College. Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian
• December 24 - Several US Civil War Confederate veterans form the Ku Klux Klan, to resist Reconstruction, and intimidate "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags" as well as to repress the freed slaves. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Ku Klux Klan ( KKK) is the name of several past and present secret domestic terrorist organizations in the United States, generally in the southern states that are In United States history carpetbaggers was the term southerners gave to northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction, between 1865 and 1877 In the United States, a scalawag was a Southern white who joined the Republican Party in the ex- Confederate South during Reconstruction As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another

Undated

• Gregor Mendel formulates his theories of Mendelian inheritance- they are mainly ignored for years. Gregor Johann Mendel ( July 20, 1822 &ndash January 6, 1884) was Mendelian inheritance (or Mendelian genetics or Mendelism) is a set of primary tenets relating to the transmission of hereditary characteristics from parent
• A forest fire near Silverton, Oregon destroys about one million acres (4,000 km²) of timber. A wildfire, also known as a wildland fire, forest fire, brush fire, vegetation fire, grass fire, Peat fire, Silverton is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States. The population was 7414 at the 2000 census
• Last volume of Annals of Joseon Dynasty published. The Annals of Joseon Dynasty (known also as The true record of the Joseon Dynasty) are the annual records of the Joseon Dynasty, who ruled Korea, and were
• National Temperance Society and Publishing House is founded by James Black. The National Temperance Society and Publishing House was founded in 1865 James Black (1800-1872 was the creator of the original Bowie knife designed by Jim Bowie.
• Francis Galton, polymath inventor of the weather map and the silent dog whistle, introduces eugenics, after his half-cousin Charles Darwin. Sir Francis Galton FRS ( 16 February 1822 &ndash 17 January 1911) half-cousin of Charles Darwin, was an A polymath ( Greek polymathēs, πολυμαθής "having learned much" is a person whose knowledge is not restricted to one subject area A weather map is a tool used to display information quickly showing the analysis of various meteorological quantities at various levels of the atmosphere For the use of political code words see Dog-whistle politics. Eugenics is a social Philosophy which advocates the improvement of Human Hereditary traits through various forms of intervention Charles Robert Darwin (February 12 1809 &ndash April 19 1882 was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all Species of life

Ongoing events

• American Civil War (1861-1865)

Births

1865 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1865 MDCCCLXV
Ab urbe condita	2618
Armenian calendar	1314 ԹՎ ՌՅԺԴ
Bahá'í calendar	21 – 22
Berber calendar	2815
Buddhist calendar	2409
Burmese calendar	1227
Chinese calendar	4501/4561-12-4 (甲子年十二月初四日) — to — 4502/4562-11-14 (乙丑年十一月十四日)
Coptic calendar	1581 – 1582
Ethiopian calendar	1857 – 1858
Hebrew calendar	5625 – 5626
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1920 – 1921
- Shaka Samvat	1787 – 1788
- Kali Yuga	4966 – 4967
Holocene calendar	11865
Iranian calendar	1243 – 1244
Islamic calendar	1281 – 1282
Japanese calendar	Genji 2Keiō 1 (慶応元年)
Korean calendar	4198
Thai solar calendar	2408
v • d • e

January - June

• January 5 - Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer (d. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Year 1861 ( MDCCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today Ab Urbe condita (literally "from The Armenian calendar is the traditional calendar of Armenia. The Bahá'í calendar, also called the Badí‘ calendar, used by the Bahá'í Faith, is a Solar calendar with regular years of 365 days and Leap The Berber calendar is the annual Calendar used by Berber people in North Africa. The Buddhist calendar is used on mainland Southeast Asia in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar (formerly Burma The traditional Burmese calendar is a Lunisolar calendar based on both the phases of the moon and the motion of the sun The Chinese calendar is lunisolar, incorporating elements of a Lunar calendar with those of a Solar calendar. The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church and still used in Egypt The Ethiopian calendar ( Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር ye'Ītyōṗṗyā zemen āḳoṭaṭer) also called the Ge'ez calendar, The Hebrew calendar (הלוח העברי ha'luach ha'ivri) or Jewish calendar is a Lunisolar calendar used by Jews for predominantly religious Calendar Events Births Deaths Calendar Events Births Deaths The Hindu calendar used in ancient times has undergone many changes in the process of regionalization and today there are several regional Indian Calendars, as The Indian national calendar (sometimes called Saka calendar) is the official civil calendar in use in India. Kali Yuga ( Devanāgarī: sa कलियुग lit "Age of Kali " "age of vice" is one of the four stages of development that the world goes The Iranian calendar or Solar Hejri (تقویم هجری شمسی؛ سالنمای هجری خورشیدی Taqwim Hejri Shamsi Salanmay Hejri Khurshidi) is an astronomical The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ Since January 1, 1873, Japan has used the Gregorian calendar, with local names for the months and mostly fixed holidays This article is about the Japanese era named Genji (元治 For the clan name Genji (源氏 or the main character of the book The Tale of Genji, see Minamoto clan was a after Genji and before Meiji. The period spanned the years from 1865 to 1868. The traditional Korean calendar is a Lunisolar calendar which like the traditional calendars of other East Asian countries was based on the Chinese calendar The Thai solar calendar, Suriyakati (สุริยคติ has been the official and prevalent Calendar in Thailand since it was adopted by King Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Julio Garavito Armero ( January 5, 1865 &ndash March 11, 1920) was a Colombian astronomer. 1920)
• January 10 - Mary Amelia Ingalls, Blind older sister of author Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Mary Amelia Ingalls ( January 10, 1865 &ndash October 20, 1928) was born near the town of Pepin Wisconsin. Laura Ingalls Wilder ( February 7, 1867 – February 10, 1957) was an American Author, who wrote the Little House series October 20, 1928)
• January 27 - Nikolai Pokrovsky, Russian politician and the last foreign minister of the Russian Empire. Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Nikolai Nikolayevich Pokrovsky (Николай Николаевич Покровский ( January 27 1865, St Petersburg – December 12 (d. 1930)
• February 28 - Alexander Henderson, American Businessman (d. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule Alexander Henderson may refer to Alexander Henderson (theologian (1583–1646 Scottish theologian Alexander Henderson (photographer 1925)
• January 28 - Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, President of Finland (d. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg ( January 28, 1865 – September 22, 1952) was a prominent Jurist and Academic, who played a The President of Finland is the Head of State of Finland. Under the Constitution of Finland, executive power is vested in the President and the 1952)
• February 12 - Kazimierz Tetmajer, Polish writer (d. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer ( February 12, 1865 – January 18, 1940) was a Polish poet, Novelist, Playwright, 1940)
• February 19 - Sven Hedin, Swedish scientist and explorer (d. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Sven Anders Hedin ( February 19, 1865 - November 26, 1952) was a Swedish explorer Geographer and geopolitician 1952)
• February 21 - John Haden Badley, author and educator (d. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland John Haden Badley ( 21 February 1865 &ndash 6 March 1967) author educator and founder of Bedales School, which claims to have become 1967)
• February 28 - Wilfred Grenfell, medical missionary to Newfoundland and Labrador (d. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule Sir Wilfred Thomason Grenfell KCMG ( February 28, 1865 - October 9, 1940) was a medical Missionary to Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation 1940). Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• March 10 - Tan Sitong, Chinese reformist leader (d. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Tan Sitong ( March 10 1865 — September 28 1898) Courtesy name Fusheng 复生 Pseudonym Zhuangfei 1898)
• March 15 - Edith Maude Eaton, English-born writer (d. Year 1898 ( MDCCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Edith Maude Eaton ( 15 March 1865 – 7 April 1914) was an author best known under the pseudonym Sui Sin Far, the name (Cantonese 1914)
• March 19 - William Morton Wheeler, American entomologist (d. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. William Morton Wheeler, PhD ( March 19, 1865 - April 19, 1937) was an American Entomologist 1937)
• April 1 - Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Austrian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Richard Adolf Zsigmondy ( April 1, 1865 - September 23, 1929) was an Austrian German Chemist of Hungarian The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1929)
• April 9
  • Laurence Hope, English poetess (d. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Adela Florence Nicolson (née Cory ( 9 April 1865 - 4 October 1904) was an English poet who wrote under the Pseudonym Laurence 1904)
  • Erich Ludendorff, German general (d. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Erich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludendorff (sometimes given incorrectly as von Ludendorff) (9 April 1865–20 December 1937 was a German Army officer, Generalquartiermeister 1937)
• April 28 - Vital Brazil, Brazilian physician and immunologist (d. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title For a place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, see Vital Brazil Brazil. 1950)
• May 2 - Clyde Fitch, American dramatist (d. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. Clyde Fitch ( May 2 1865 - September 4 1909) was an American Dramatist. 1909)
• May 25
  • John Mott, American YMCA leader, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. Year 1909 ( MCMIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. John Raleigh Mott ( May 25, 1865 &ndash January 31, 1955) was a long-serving leader of the YMCA and the World Student Christian The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor 1955)
  • Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Pieter Zeeman ( Zonnemaire, May 25, 1865 &ndash Amsterdam, October 9, 1943) (ˈzeːmɑn was a Dutch The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 1943)
• May 26 - Robert W. Chambers, American artist (d. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Robert William Chambers ( May 26, 1865 – December 16, 1933) was an American Artist and Writer. 1933)
• June 2 - George Lohmann, English cricketer (d. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks George Lohmann (June 2 1865 in London – December 1 1901 in Worcester Western Cape, South Africa) is regarded as one the greatest bowlers 1901)
• June 3 - King George V of the United Kingdom (d. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering 1936)
• June 9 - Albéric Magnard, French composer (d. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Lucien Denis Gabriel Albéric Magnard ( 9 June 1865 – 3 September 1914) was a French composer sometimes referred to as the "French 1914)
• June 13 - William Butler Yeats, Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred 1939)
• June 26 - Bernard Berenson, American art historian (d. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Bernard Berenson (born June 26, 1865 Butrimonys (now in Alytus district of Lithuania) &ndash October 6, 1959 Florence 1959)
• June 29 - Shigechiyo Izumi, Oldest supercentenarian male (disputed) (d. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. was a Japanese Supercentenarian and according to Guinness World Records, became the person with the greatest authenticated age in the world after 1986)

July - December

• July 23 - Max Heindel, Danish-born Christian occultist, astrologer, and mystic (d. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Events 1632 - Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe France. Max Heindel - born Carl Louis von Grasshoff in Aarhus, Denmark on July 23, 1865 - was a Christian Occultist, 1919)
• July 26 - Philipp Scheidemann, Chancellor of Germany (d. Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus Philipp Scheidemann ( 26 July 1865 &ndash 29 November 1939) was a German Social Democratic politician who proclaimed the The Head of government of Germany is called Chancellor (Kanzler 1939)
• July 29 - Alexander Glazunov, Russian composer (d. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1014 - Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars: Battle of Kleidion: Byzantine emperor Basil II inflicts a decisive defeat Aleksandr Konstantinovich Glazunov (Александр Константинович Глазунов Aleksandr Konstantinovič Glazunov; Glazounov Glasunow &ndash 21 March 1936)
• August 2
  • Irving Babbitt, American literary critic (d. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Irving Babbitt ( August 2, 1865 &ndash July 15, 1933) was an American academic and literary critic, noted for his founding 1933)
  • John Radecki, Australian stained glass artist (d. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. John Radecki (also known as Jan Radecki (1865 - 1955 was a master Stained glass artist working in Australia, considered to be the finest such artist of his time 1955)
• August 24 - King Ferdinand of Romania (d. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River Ferdinand I ( 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927) was the King of the Romanians from October 10 1914 until his death 1927)
• August 27
  • James Henry Breasted, American Egyptologist (d. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan James Henry Breasted ( August 27 1865 &ndash December 2, 1935) was an American Archaeologist and Historian. 1935)
  • Charles G. Dawes, Vice President of the United States, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Charles Gates Dawes (August 27 1865 &ndash April 23 1951 was an American Banker and Politician who was the thirtieth Vice President of the United States The Vice President of the United States is the first person in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new President of the United States upon the death The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor 1951)
• September 11 - Rainis, Latvian poet and playwright (d. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul Rainis, was the Pseudonym of Jānis Pliekšāns (b in Varslavāni, current Jēkabpils district &mdash d 1929)
• October 1 - Paul Dukas, French composer (d. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Paul Abraham Dukas (October 1 1865 &ndash May 17 1935 was a Parisian born French Composer and teacher of classical music. 1935)
• October 12 - Arthur Harden, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Arthur Harden ( October 12 1865 &ndash June 17 1940) was an English Biochemist. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1940)
• October 17 - James Rudolph Garfield, U. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost For his father the 20th President of the United States, see James Abram Garfield. S. politician (d. 1950)
• October 26 - Benjamin Guggenheim, American businessman (d. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death Benjamin Guggenheim ( October 26, 1865 – April 15, 1912) was an American businessman 1912)
• October 27 - Tinsley Lindley, English footballer (d. Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Tinsley Lindley (born 27 October 1865 in Nottingham, died 31 March 1940 in Nottingham was an English footballer 1940)
• November 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (d. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2 1865 August 2 1923 was the twenty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1921 until his death from a heart attack aged The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by 1923)
• November 2 - Paul Olaf Bodding, Norwegian missionary to India and creator of Santali latin alphabet (d. Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Paul Olaf Bodding (* Gjøvik, Norway on 2nd November 1865 † Odense, Denmark on 25th September 1938 was a Norwegian Missionary, India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Invented in the 1890-ies by the Norwegian missionary Paul Olaf Bodding, and still used by most Santals, especially the members of the Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church 1938)
• December 8 - Jean Sibelius, Finnish composer (d. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. 1957)
• December 19 - Minnie Fiske, American stage actress (d. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. Minnie Maddern Fiske (Mrs Fiske ( December 19, 1865 – February 15, 1932) was one of the leading American actresses 1932)
• December 20 - Elsie De Wolfe, American socialite and interior decorator (d. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor. Elsie de Wolfe (also known as Lady Mendl) ( December 20, 1865 ? &ndash July 12, 1950) was a pioneering professional interior 1950)
• December 25 - Evangeline Booth, the 4th General of The Salvation Army (d. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian Evangeline Cory Booth ( December 25, 1865 &ndash July 17, 1950) was the 4th general of The Salvation Army (1934-1939 The Salvation Army is a Christian charity and church that is internally organised like a military service. 1950)
• December 30 - Rudyard Kipling, British writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Joseph Rudyard Kipling (30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936 was an English Author and poet The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature 1936)

See also Category: 1865 births. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Deaths

January - June

• January 19 - Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French philosopher and anarchist (b. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (ˈpruːd ɒn in British English, dɔ̃ in French) ( 15 January 1809 – 19 January 1865) was 1809)
• February 6 - Isabella Beeton, British cook and expert on household management (b. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Isabella Mary Beeton ( née Mayson; 12 March 1836 – 6 February 1865) universally known as Mrs Beeton 1836)
• March 1 - Anna Pavlovna of Russia, queen consort of the Netherlands (b. Year 1836 ( MDCCCXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant Anna Pavlovna of Russia (Анна Павловна 18 January 1795 - 1 March 1865 was Queen of the Netherlands 1795)
• March 20 - Yamanami Keisuke, samurai (b. Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1600 - The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden. ( 1833 - March 20 1865) was a Japanese Samurai. He was the General Secretary (Vice Commander of the Shinsengumi, a Special police 1833)
• March 30 - Oleksandr Dukhnovych, priest, writer and social activist (b. Year 1833 ( MDCCCXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Oleksandr Vasylovych Dukhnovych (Олександр Васильович Духнович Александeр Духнович Alexander Duchnovič ( April 24, 1803 1803
• April 1
  • John Milton, Governor of Florida (b. 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne John Milton ( April 20, 1807 April 1, 1865) was an American politician who was the fifth Governor of Florida. 1807)
  • Giuditta Pasta, Italian soprano (b. Year 1807 ( MDCCCVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Giuditta Angiola Maria Costanza Pasta (née Negri October 26, 1797 - April 1, 1865) born in Saronno, Italy, was 1798)
• April 2 - A.P. Hill, American Confederate general (b. Year 1798 ( MDCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Ambrose Powell Hill (November 9 1825 &ndash April 2 1865 was a Confederate general in the American Civil War. 1825)
• April 13 - Achille Valenciennes, French zoologist (b. Year 1825 ( MDCCCXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Achille Valenciennes ( August 9, 1794 - April 13, 1865) was a French Zoologist. 1794)
• April 15 - Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (b. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by 1809)
• April 18 - Léon Jean Marie Dufour, French medical doctor and naturalist (b. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. Léon Jean Marie (or Jean-Marie Léon Dufour ( 11 April 1780 at Saint-Sever – 18 April 1865 also at Saint-Sever was 1780)
• April 24 - Grand Duke Nicholas Alexandrovich of Russia (b. Year 1780 ( MDCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Tsarevich Nikolay Aleksandrovich Romanov (Цесаревич Николай Александрович Романов full title Heir Tsarevich and Grand Duke of 1843)
• April 26 - John Wilkes Booth, American actor and assassin of Abraham Lincoln (b. Year 1843 ( MDCCCXLIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Abraham Lincoln assassination John Wilkes Booth (May 10 1838 – April 26 1865 was an American stage actor who assassinated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal 1838)

July - December

• July 6 - Sophie of Sweden, Grand Duchess of Baden (b. Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Ancestry 1801)
• July 25 - James Barry, British military surgeon (b. Year 1801 ( MDCCCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Tuesday Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler James Barry (b 1792-1795 &ndash d 25 July 1865 was a military surgeon in the British Army. 1795)
• August 12 - William Jackson Hooker, English botanist (b. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid Sir William Jackson Hooker, FRS ( July 6, 1785 &mdash August 12, 1865) was an English botanist. 1785)
• September 2 - William Rowan Hamilton, Irish mathematician (b. Year 1785 ( MDCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 44 BC - Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. Sir William Rowan Hamilton (4 August 1805 &ndash 2 September 1865 was an Irish Mathematician, Physicist, and Astronomer who 1805)
• October 16 - Andrés Bello, Venezuelan poet, lawmaker, teacher, philosopher and sociologist (b. Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Andrés de Jesús María y José Bello López (b Caracas, Venezuela, d 1781)
• October 18 - Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. Year 1781 ( MDCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid "Lord Palmerston" and "Henry Temple" redirect here The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom 1784)
• November 12 - Elizabeth Gaskell, British novelist and biographer (b. Year 1784 ( MDCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell (née Stevenson 29 September 1810 &ndash 12 November 1865 often referred to simply as Mrs 1810)
• November 28 - William Machin Stairs, Canadian businessman and statesman (b. Year 1810 ( MDCCCX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events William Machin Stairs, ( January 21, 1789 &ndash November 28, 1865) was a merchant a banker and a statesman 1789)
• December 6 - Sebastián Iradier, Spanish composer (b. Year 1789 ( MDCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev Sebastián de Iradier y Salaverri (Salberri ( January 20, 1809 &ndash December 6, 1865) aka Sebastián Yradier, was a Spanish Basque 1809)
• December 10 - Léopold I of Belgium (b. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Leopold I ( Leopold George Christian Frederick (in German Leopold Georg Christian Friedrich) Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, later 1790)
• December 17 - Luigi Ciacchi, Italian cardinal (b. Year 1790 ( MDCCXC) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Luigi Ciacchi ( August 16 1788 in Pesaro &ndash December 17 1865 in Rome) was a Cardinal of the Catholic 1788)

See also Category: 1865 deaths. Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap

---

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic