Year 1854 (MDCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). Incumbents Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom Prime Minister - George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen 1853 state leaders - Events of 1854 - 1855 state leaders - State leaders by year ---- Portugal Angola - # Miguel Ximenes Rodrigues Sandoval de Castro e Viegas, Governor-General of Angola ( 1853 &ndash Roman numerals are a Numeral system originating in ancient Rome, adapted from Etruscan numerals. This is the calendar for any Common year starting on Sunday ( Dominical letter A) or for any year in which “ Doomsday ” is Tuesday The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today This is the Calendar for any Common year starting on Friday ( Dominical letter C) The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 Ab urbe condita

Events of 1854

January - June

• January 21 - Loss of the RMS Tayleur - 380 drowned, later dubbed "the first Titanic". Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. The RMS Tayleur was a fully-rigged Iron Clipper chartered by the White Star Line, and her fate would be a black mark on Construction The Titanic was a White Star Line ocean liner built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Ireland
• January 3 - Charles Dickens commences writing the novel Hard Times
• February 11 - Major streets lit by coal gas for first time. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Hard Times- For These Times is a Novel by Charles Dickens, first published in 1854 Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
• February 13 - Mexican troops force William Walker and his troops to retreat to Sonora. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. William Walker ( May 8, 1824 &ndash September 12, 1860) was an American filibuster, adventurer and Mercenary Sonora is one of the 31 federal states of Mexico and is located in the northwest of the country
• February 14 - Texas is linked by telegraph with the rest of the United States, when a connection between New Orleans and Marshall, Texas is completed. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana Marshall is a city of the northeastern region of the US state of Texas.
• February 17 - The British recognize the independence of the Orange Free State. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Republic of the Orange Free State (Oranje-Vrystaat Dutch: Oranje-Vrijstaat) was an independent Boer republic in southern Africa The official independence of the Orange Free State is declared six days later. The Republic of the Orange Free State (Oranje-Vrystaat Dutch: Oranje-Vrijstaat) was an independent Boer republic in southern Africa
• February 27 - Britain sends Russia an ultimatum to withdraw from two Ottoman provinces it had conquered, Moldavia and Wallachia. Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Moldavia (Moldova is a geographic and historical region and former Principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between Eastern Carpathians This article is about the region in what is now Southern Romania
• March 1 - German psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke disappears, two years later his remains are found in the canal near Charlottenburg. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Mental health professional A psychologist is a practitioner of Psychology, the systematic investigation of the mind including Behavior, Cognition, Friedrich Eduard Beneke ( February 17, 1798 - 1854 was a German Psychologist. Charlottenburg is a locality of Berlin within the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, named after Queen Sophia Charlotte (1668-1705
• March 3 - Australia's first telegraph line, linking Melbourne and Williamstown, opens. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 Williamstown ( is one of the oldest suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria.
• March 11- Royal Navy fleet sails from Britain under Vice Admiral Sir Charles Napier. Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Vice Admiral is a naval rank equivalent to Lieutenant General in seniority Sir is an Honorific used as a title (see Knight) and in several other modern contexts Admiral Sir Charles (John Napier KCB RN ( 6 March 1786 – 6 November 1860) was a British Naval officer
• March 20 - The Boston Public Library opens to the public. Events 1600 - The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden. The Boston Public Library is the largest municipal public library in the United States.
• March 27 - United Kingdom declares war on Russia - Crimean War begins. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Crimean War, also known in Russia as the Eastern War (Восточная война Vostochnaya Vojna) (March 1854–February 1856 was fought
• March 28 - France declares war on Russia. Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending
• March 31 - Commodore Matthew Perry of the U.S. Navy, signs the Treaty/Convention of Kanagawa with the Japanese government, to be precise, Tokugawa Shogunate, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade. Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Please see " Commodore " for other uses of this rank Commodore is a rank of the United States Navy with a somewhat Matthew Calbraith Perry ( April 10, 1794 &ndash March 4, 1858) was the Commodore of the U On March 31, 1854, the or was concluded between Commodore Matthew Perry of the U On March 31, 1854, the or was concluded between Commodore Matthew Perry of the U For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the, and the, was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the Shoguns of is a city and port in Shizuoka, Japan, which played an important part in the opening of Japan to the outside world in the 1850s is a city and port located in Oshima, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is the capital city of Oshima Subprefecture The United States of America —commonly referred to as the (See History of Japan)
• April 1 - Hard Times begins serialisation in Charles Dickens' magazine, Household Words. The written history of Japan begins with brief references in the 1st century AD Twenty-Four Histories, a collection of Chinese historical texts Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Hard Times- For These Times is a Novel by Charles Dickens, first published in 1854 Household Words was an English weekly Magazine edited by Charles Dickens which took its name from the line from Shakespeare "Familiar in
• May 18 - Foundation of the Catholic University of Ireland, the forerunner of University College Dublin. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. The Catholic University of Ireland (Ollscoil Chaitliceach na hÉireann was a Catholic University in Dublin, Ireland and was founded University College Dublin (UCD (An Coláiste Ollscoile Baile Átha Cliath - formally known as University College Dublin - National University of Ireland Dublin (An
• May 27 - Taiping Rebellion: United States minister Robert McLane arrives at the Heavenly Capital aboard the USS Susquehanna. Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed The Taiping Rebellion or Rebellion of Great Peace was a large-scale Revolt against the authority and forces of the Qing Government in China The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The system of diplomatic rank has over time been formalised on an international basis Robert Milligan McLane ( June 23, 1815 &ndash April 16, 1898) was an American politician military officer and diplomat
• May 30 - Kansas-Nebraska Act becomes law, rescinding the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and creating Kansas Territory and Nebraska Territory. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands repealed the Missouri Compromise of The Missouri Compromise was an agreement passed in 1820 between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress, involving Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Territory of Kansas was an Organized territory of the United States that existed from May 30 1854 until January 29 1861 when Kansas became the 34th The Territory of Nebraska was a historic Organized territory of the United States from May 30, 1854 until March 1, 1867 Provision that settlers will vote on slavery in the new territories leads to Bleeding Kansas violence beginning the next year. Bleeding Kansas, sometimes referred to in history as Bloody Kansas or the Border War, was a series of violent events involving Free-Staters
• June - The Grand Excursion takes prominent Eastern United States inhabitants from Chicago, Illinois to Rock Island, Illinois by railroad, then up the Mississippi River to St. Paul, Minnesota by steamboat. The Grand Excursion was a voyage by Train and Steamboat into the Upper Mississippi River valley that first took place in June 1854 The Eastern Half of The United States, the American East, or simply the East is traditionally defined as the states east of the Mississippi River. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Rock Island is a City in and the County seat of Rock Island County, Illinois, United States. The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to Saint Paul ( abbreviated St Paul) is the capital and second most populous city in the U A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a Propeller
• June 10 - The first class of the United States Naval Academy graduate at Annapolis, Maryland. Events 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem The United States Naval Academy is an undergraduate college in Annapolis, Maryland, United States that educates and commissions officers of the United States Annapolis is the capital of the US state of Maryland, as well as the County seat of Anne Arundel County.
• June 21 - In the battle at Bomarsund in Åland, Royal Navy mate Charles D. Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. Bomarsund is a nineteenth century fortress in Sund on the Åland Islands in the Baltic Sea. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) Lucas throws a live Russian artillery shell overboard by hand before it explodes - the incident is the first that will be retroactively awarded the Victoria Cross in 1857. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending See below the section "Separate Commonwealth awards" Note that since Click here for Indian Rebellion of 1857 Year 1857 ( MDCCCLVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the

July - December

• July 6 - In Jackson, Michigan, the first convention of the U.S. Republican Party is held. Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Jackson is a city located along Interstate 94 in the south central area of the U
• August 16 - Russian troops in the island of Bomarsund in Åland surrender to French-British troops. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Bomarsund is a nineteenth century fortress in Sund on the Åland Islands in the Baltic Sea. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
• September 20 - Crimean War: At the Alma, the French-British alliance wins the first battle of the war. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. The Crimean War, also known in Russia as the Eastern War (Восточная война Vostochnaya Vojna) (March 1854–February 1856 was fought The Battle of the Alma (20 September 1854 which is usually considered the first battle of the Crimean War (1853&ndash1856 took place in the vicinity of the River This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
• October 1 - The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury, Massachusetts by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham to become the Waltham Watch Company, pioneer in the American System of Watch Manufacturing. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. For the game see 1850 (board game. 1850 ( MDCCCL) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link Roxbury is a neighborhood within Boston, Massachusetts USA It was one of the first towns founded in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630 and became a The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Aaron Lufkin Dennison ( March 6, 1812 &ndash January 9, 1895) was an American Watchmaker born in Freeport Maine One of the early centers of the Industrial Revolution in northern America Waltham is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States The Waltham Watch Company, also known as the American Waltham Watch Co In the mid 19th century Aaron Lufkin Dennison became inspired by the manufacturing techniques of the United States Armory at Springfield Mass.
• October 6 - The great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead is ignited by a spectacular explosion
• October 17 - Newspaper The Age is founded in Melbourne, Australia. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus The Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead was a tragic and spectacular series of events starting on Friday 6 October 1854, in which a substantial amount of property Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost The Age is a Broadsheet daily Newspaper, which has been published in Melbourne, Australia since 1854 Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics.
• October 21 - Florence Nightingale leaves for Crimea with 38 other nurses. Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Florence Nightingale, OM, RRC (in her own pronunciation ˈflɒɾəns ˈnaɪtɪŋgeɪl 12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910 who came to be known as "The Crimea (kraɪˈmiːə or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Крим Автономна Республіка Крим Avtonomna Respublika Krym; Крым
• October 25 - Crimean War: The Battle of Balaclava occurs, overall a victory for the allies, but it included the disastrous cavalry Charge of the Light Brigade, from which only 200 of 700 men survive. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a The Crimean War, also known in Russia as the Eastern War (Восточная война Vostochnaya Vojna) (March 1854–February 1856 was fought The Battle of Balaclava, fought on 25 October 1854, was a key battle during the Crimean War, fought between the allied forces of the United Kingdom The Charge of the Light Brigade was a disastrous Cavalry charge led by Lord Cardigan during the Battle of Balaclava on 25 October
• November 5 - Crimean War: Russians lose at the Battle of Inkerman. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) The Crimean War, also known in Russia as the Eastern War (Восточная война Vostochnaya Vojna) (March 1854–February 1856 was fought The Russian people (Русские— Russkie) are an East Slavic Ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries The Battle of Inkerman, a battle of the Crimean War, was fought on November 5, 1854 and resulted in a British and French victory under General
• November 17 - In Egypt, the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, is inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. The Suez Canal is a Canal in Egypt. Opened in 1869 it allows Water transportation between Europe and Asia without circumnavigation The Red Sea is a Salt water Inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia.
• November 28 - Eureka Stockade; Miner's Rebellion in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events The Eureka Stockade was the setting of a gold miners' Revolt in 1854 near Ballarat, Victoria, Australia against the officials supervising the Ballarat (formerly spelt "Ballaarat" is a city in Victoria, Australia, and one of the country's largest inland cities For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics.
• December 8 - Pope Pius IX in the Papal Bull Ineffabilis Deus defines ex Cathedra the dogma of Immaculate Conception, which holds that the Blessed Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin. Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. Blessed Pope Pius IX (May 13 1792 &ndash February 7 1878 born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, was Pope from June 16 1846 until 1878 Ineffabilis Deus ( Latin for "Ineffable God" is the name of an Papal Bull by Pope Pius IX. Dogma (the plural is either dogmata or dogmas, Greek, plural) is the established Belief or For dogmatic context see Roman Catholic Mariology. For artistic depictions see Roman Catholic Marian art. This ecumenical article is about general Christian views on and veneration of the Virgin Mary Original sin is according to a doctrine in Catholic theology, humanity's state of Sin resulting from the Fall of Man.

Undated

Original map by Dr John Snow showing the clusters of cholera cases in the London epidemic of 1854

. John Snow ( 15 March 1813 &ndash 16 June 1858) was a British physician and a leader in the adoption of Anaesthesia and medical Cholera, sometimes known as Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera, is an infectious Gastroenteritis caused by the Bacterium London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.

• The Polyglotta Africana, an early classification of African languages based on field work under freed slaves in Freetown, Sierra Leone, is published by Sigismund Wilhelm Koelle. Polyglotta Africana is a study written by the German missionary Sigismund Wilhelm Koelle in 1854 in which he compared 156 African languages (or There are an estimated 2000 Languages spoken in Africa. About a hundred of these are widely used for inter-ethnic communication Freetown is the Capital and largest City of Sierra Leone, and a major Port on the Atlantic Ocean. Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. Sigismund Wilhelm Kölle ( 14 July 1820, Cleebronn - 18 February 1902, London) was a German missionary and pioneer scholar
• Ignacy Lukasiewicz drilled the world's first oil well in Poland in Bóbrka near Krosno. Jan Józef Ignacy Łukasiewicz (1822 - 1882 was a Polish Pharmacist of Armenian descent who devised the first method of distilling Kerosene Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Krosno County (powiat krośnieński is a unit of territorial administration and local government ( Powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland
• Frederick Augustus Albert succeeds to the throne of Saxony. Albert (full name Frederick Augustus Albert Anton Ferdinand Joseph Karl Maria Baptist Nepomuk Wilhelm Xaver Georg Fidelis) (b The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany.
• Chemistry Professor Benjamin Silliman, of Yale University is the first to fractionate petroleum by distillation. Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties The meaning of the word professor ( Latin: professor, person who professes to be an expert in some art or science teacher of highest rank) varies Benjamin Silliman ( 8 August 1779 &ndash 24 November 1864) was an American Chemist, one of the first American professors Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit Distillation is a method of separating Mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture
• Abraham Pineo Gesner invents a process for extracting kerosene from coal. Abraham Pineo Gesner, born May 2, 1797 in Cornwallis Township, Nova Scotia, Canada ( – died April 29, 1864 Kerosene, sometimes spelled kerosine in scientific and industrial usage is a Combustible Hydrocarbon liquid
• Said Pasha succeeds his nephew Abbas as pasha of Egypt. This article is about an Ottoman grand vizier An Ottoman viceroy to Egypt Sa'id of Egypt, is also commonly called Said Pasha Küçük Mehmet Sait Abbas I ( July 1 1813 - July 16 1854) ( عباس الأول) Wāli of Egypt and Sudan, was This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics.
• A Russian fort is established at the present site of Almaty. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Almaty ( Алматы; formerly known as Alma-Ata ( Алма-Ата) also Verniy, (Верный is the largest city in Kazakhstan
• Aurora, Ontario is first settled. Aurora ( 2006 Population 47629 is an affluent Canadian town in York Region, approximately 40 km north of Toronto
• The Ambrotype is introduced for photography. The ambrotype process (from Greek ambrotos, "immortal" or amphitype is a photographic process that creates a positive photographic Photography (fә'tɒgrәfi or fә'tɑːgrәfi (from Greek φωτο and γραφία is the process and Art of recording pictures by means of capturing
• An epidemic of cholera in London kills 10,000. Cholera, sometimes known as Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera, is an infectious Gastroenteritis caused by the Bacterium London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Dr John Snow traces the source of one outbreak (the 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak that killed 500) to a single water pump, validating his theory that cholera is water-borne, and forming the starting point for epidemiology. John Snow ( 15 March 1813 &ndash 16 June 1858) was a British physician and a leader in the adoption of Anaesthesia and medical The 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak was a severe Outbreak of Cholera that occurred near Broad Street (now renamed Broadwick Street) in Soho For information on Wikipedia project-related discussions see WikipediaVillage pump. Cholera, sometimes known as Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera, is an infectious Gastroenteritis caused by the Bacterium Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting the Health and Illness of populations and serves as the foundation and Logic of interventions made in the
• The Iceland trade is opened to foreigners. Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland (
• The French fashion label Louis Vuitton is founded. Louis Vuitton Malletier, commonly referred to as Louis Vuitton ( pronounced /lwi vɥitɔ̃/ or sometimes shortened to LV, is a French luxury fashion

Ongoing events

• Crimean War (1854-1856)
• Taiping Rebellion (1851-1864)

Births

January - June

• January 18 - Thomas A. Watson, American telephone pioneer (d. The Crimean War, also known in Russia as the Eastern War (Восточная война Vostochnaya Vojna) (March 1854–February 1856 was fought Year 1856 ( MDCCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Taiping Rebellion or Rebellion of Great Peace was a large-scale Revolt against the authority and forces of the Qing Government in China 1851 ( MDCCCLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today Ab Urbe condita (literally "from The Armenian calendar is the traditional calendar of Armenia. The Bahá'í calendar, also called the Badí‘ calendar, used by the Bahá'í Faith, is a Solar calendar with regular years of 365 days and Leap The Berber calendar is the annual Calendar used by Berber people in North Africa. The Buddhist calendar is used on mainland Southeast Asia in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar (formerly Burma The traditional Burmese calendar is a Lunisolar calendar based on both the phases of the moon and the motion of the sun The Chinese calendar is lunisolar, incorporating elements of a Lunar calendar with those of a Solar calendar. The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church and still used in Egypt The Ethiopian calendar ( Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር ye'Ītyōṗṗyā zemen āḳoṭaṭer) also called the Ge'ez calendar, The Hebrew calendar (הלוח העברי ha'luach ha'ivri) or Jewish calendar is a Lunisolar calendar used by Jews for predominantly religious Calendar Events Births Deaths Calendar Events Births Deaths The Hindu calendar used in ancient times has undergone many changes in the process of regionalization and today there are several regional Indian Calendars, as The Indian national calendar (sometimes called Saka calendar) is the official civil calendar in use in India. Kali Yuga ( Devanāgarī: sa कलियुग lit "Age of Kali " "age of vice" is one of the four stages of development that the world goes The Iranian calendar or Solar Hejri (تقویم هجری شمسی؛ سالنمای هجری خورشیدی Taqwim Hejri Shamsi Salanmay Hejri Khurshidi) is an astronomical The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ Since January 1, 1873, Japan has used the Gregorian calendar, with local names for the months and mostly fixed holidays was a after Kōka and before Ansei. This period spanned the years from 1848 through 1854. was a after Kaei and before Man'en. This period spanned the years from 1854 through 1860. The traditional Korean calendar is a Lunisolar calendar which like the traditional calendars of other East Asian countries was based on the Chinese calendar The Thai solar calendar, Suriyakati (สุริยคติ has been the official and prevalent Calendar in Thailand since it was adopted by King Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Thomas Augustus Watson ( January 18 1854 - December 13 1934) was an assistant to Alexander Graham Bell, notably in the invention of 1934)
• February 17 - Friedrich Alfred Krupp, German industrialist (d. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori The Krupp family, a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, have become famous for their Steel production and for their manufacture of 1902)
• March 4 - Sir Napier Shaw, British meteorologist (d. Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Sir William Napier Shaw FRS, ( March 4, 1854 - March 23, 1945) was a British Meteorologist. 1945)
• March 8 - Ignacy Lukasiewicz, Polish pharmacist and inventor of the first method of distilling kerosene from seep oil, creator of first oil lamp (d. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Events 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion. Jan Józef Ignacy Łukasiewicz (1822 - 1882 was a Polish Pharmacist of Armenian descent who devised the first method of distilling Kerosene Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland 1882)
• March 10 - Sir Thomas MacKenzie, New Zealand Prime Minister and High Commissioner (d. Year 1882 ( MDCCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Sir Thomas Mackenzie GCMG ( 10 March 1854 &ndash 14 February 1930) was a Scottish -born New Zealand politician 1930)
• March 14
  • Paul Ehrlich, German scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. Paul Ehrlich ( March 14, 1854 &ndash August 20, 1915) was a German Scientist who won the 1908 Nobel The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. 1915)
  • Thomas R. Marshall, Vice President of the United States (d. Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Thomas Riley Marshall (March 14 1854 June 1 1925 was an American Politician who served as the twenty-eighth Vice President of the United States of America The Vice President of the United States is the first person in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new President of the United States upon the death 1925)
• March 15 - Emil Adolf von Behring, German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Emil Adolf von Behring ( March 15, 1854 &ndash March 31, 1917) was a German Physiologist who received the 1901 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. 1917)
• April 22 - Henri La Fontaine, Belgian lawyer and activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Henri La Fontaine, ( 22 April 1854 &ndash 14 May 1943) was a Belgian international Lawyer and president of the The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor 1943)
• April 29 - Henri Poincaré, French mathematician and physicist (d. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Jules Henri Poincaré ( 29 April 1854 &ndash 17 July 1912) (ˈʒyl ɑ̃ˈʁi pwɛ̃kaˈʁe was a French Mathematician 1912)
• May 11 - Albion Woodbury Small, American sociologist (d. Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Events 330 - Byzantium is renamed ''Nova Roma'' during a dedication ceremony but is more popularly referred to as Constantinople Albion Woodbury Small ( May 11 1854 – March 24 1926) founded the first Department of Sociology in the USA at the University 1926)
• May 24 - John Riley Banister, law officer, cowboy, and Texas Ranger (d. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. 1276 - Magnus Ladulås is crowned John Riley Banister ( May 24, 1854 &ndash 1918 was an American law officer Cowboy and Texas Ranger. 1918)
• June 14- Dave Rudabaugh, outlaw and gunfighter (d. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the David Rudabaugh (born David Rodenbaugh ( July 14 1854 &ndash February 18, 1886) was an outlaw and Gunfighter in the American 1886)
• June 26 - Robert Laird Borden, eighth Prime Minister of Canada (d. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Not to be confused with his cousin Frederick Borden, Canadian Minister of Militia and Defence from 1896 to 1911 The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus 1937)

July - December

• July 3 - Leoš Janáček, Czech composer (d. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 324 - Battle of Adrianople Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium. Leoš Janáček ( (July 3 1854 &ndash August 12 1928 was a Czech Composer, musical theorist, folklorist, publicist and teacher 1928)
• July 7 - Nikolai Alexandrovich Morozov, Russian poet, scientist and revolutionary (d. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Nikolai Alexandrovich Morozov (Никола́й Алекса́ндрович Моро́зов July 7, 1854 &ndash July 30, 1946) was a 1946)
• July 12 - George Eastman, American inventor (d. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. George Eastman ( July 12, 1854 – March 14, 1932) founded the Eastman Kodak Company and invented Roll film, helping to 1932)
• July 27 - Takahashi Korekiyo, Prime Minister of Japan (d. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. ( 27 July 1854 – 26 February 1936) was a Japanese Politician and the 20th Prime Minister of Japan from The is the usual English-language term used for the Head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime 1936)
• August 2 - Milan I, King of Serbia (d. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Milan Obrenović ( August 22, 1854 &ndash February 11, 1901) was a Serbian monarch reigning as Prince Milan IV of Serbia This is a list of Serbian monarchs. Notes Entries bounded within parentheses are for reference only for instance the Roman numerals keep counts of Stefans 1901)
• August 23 - Moritz Moszkowski, Polish/German composer (d. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Moritz (Maurice Moszkowski ( 23 August 1854, Breslau, Prussia (now Wroclaw, Poland) - 4 March 1925 1918)
• September 1 - Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (d. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Engelbert Humperdinck ( September 1, 1854 &ndash September 27, 1921) was a German Composer, best known for his Opera 1921)
• September 6 - Georges Picquart, French general and Minister of War (d. Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Marie Georges Picquart ( Strasbourg September 6, 1854 – Amiens January 18, 1914) was a French army officer and Minister 1914)
• October 16
  • Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (d. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900 was an Irish Playwright, Novelist, poet and Author of 1900)
  • Karl Kautsky, Marxist theoretician (d. Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Karl Kautsky ( October 16 1854 - October 17 1938) was a leading theoretician of Social democracy. 1938)
• October 26 - C. W. Post, American cereal manufacturer (d. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death Charles William Post ( October 26 1854 - May 9 1914) also known as C 1914)
• October 20 - Arthur Rimbaud, French poet (d. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony "Rimbaud" redirects here For other uses see Rimbaud (disambiguation Jean Nicolas Arthur Rimbaud (ræm'boʊ or in French aʁtyʁ 1891)
• November 5 - Paul Sabatier, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Paul Sabatier ( November 5, 1854 &ndash August 14, 1941) was a French chemist born at Carcassonne. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1941)
• November 6 - John Philip Sousa, American composer and conductor (d. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with John Philip Sousa ( November 6, 1854 &ndash March 6, 1932) was an American Composer and conductor of the late 1932)
• November 17 - Hubert Lyautey, Marshal of France (d. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Louis Hubert Gonzalve Lyautey ( November 17, 1854 - July 27, 1934) was a French general the first Resident-General 1934)
• November 21 - Pope Benedict XV (d. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Pope Benedict XV ( Latin: Benedictus PP XV) (Benedetto XV ( November 21 1854 &ndash January 22 1922 born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa 1922)
• December 23 - Victoriano Huerta, President of Mexico (d. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 962 - Byzantine-Arab Wars: Under the future Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine troops stormed the city José Victoriano Huerta Márquez ( Colotlán, Jalisco, December 22, 1850, &ndash January 13, 1916 in El Paso The Constitutional Citizen President of the United Mexican States (the official title in Spanish is Ciudadano Presidente Constitucional de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos 1916)
• December 24 - Thomas Stevens, English cyclist (d. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes Thomas Stevens ( December 24, 1854, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire England - 1935 was the first person to circle the globe by Bicycle 1935)

See also Category: 1854 births. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Deaths

January - June

• January 8 - William Carr Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, British general and politician (b. Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army 1768)
• February 17 - John Martin, English painter (b. Year 1768 ( MDCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori John Martin ( 19 July 1789 &ndash 17 February, 1854) was an important and influential English painter of the nineteenth 1789)
• March 6 - Charles William Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry (b. Year 1789 ( MDCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of 1778)
• March 11 - Willard Richards, American religious leader (b. Year 1778 ( MDCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty Willard Richards ( June 24, 1804 &ndash March 11, 1854) was an early leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and served as Second 1804)
• March 13 - Thomas Noon Talfourd, English jurist (b. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected Antipope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II. Sir Thomas Noon Talfourd, SL ( May 26, 1795 &ndash March 13, 1854) was an English Judge and Author 1795)
• March 27 - William Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland, politician (b. Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck 4th Duke of Portland PC ( 24 June 1768 &ndash 27 March 1854 1768)
• April - Domingo Eyzaguirre, Chilean philanthropist (b. Year 1768 ( MDCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Domingo de Eyzaguirre y Arechavala ( July 17, 1775 - April 22, 1854) was a Chilean politician and Philanthropist. 1775)
• April 11 - Karl Adolph von Basedow, German physician (b. Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Karl Adolph von Basedow ( March 28, 1799 – April 11, 1854) was a German Physician most famous for reporting the symptoms 1799)
• April 15 - Arthur Aikin, English chemist and mineralogist (b. Year 1799 ( MDCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English Arthur Aikin ( May 19, 1773 - April 15, 1854) English chemist, mineralogist and scientific writer was born 1773)
• April 29 - Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey, British general (b. Year 1773 ( MDCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Field Marshal Henry William Paget 1st Marquess of Anglesey KG GCB GCH ( 17 May 1768 &ndash 29 April 1768)
• July 6 - Georg Ohm, German physicist
• July 16 - Abbas I, Pasha of Egypt (b. Year 1768 ( MDCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Georg Simon Ohm' was a German physicist As a high school teacher Ohm began his research with the recently invented Electrochemical cell, invented by Italian Count Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and Abbas I ( July 1 1813 - July 16 1854) ( عباس الأول) Wāli of Egypt and Sudan, was 1813)
• July 31 - Samuel Wilson, thought to be the real-life basis for Uncle Sam (b. Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Samuel Wilson ( September 13, 1766 - July 31, 1854) was a meat-packer in Troy New York whose name is purportedly the source of the Uncle Sam is a National personification of the United States (US with the first usage of the term dating from the War of 1812 and the first 1813)
• September 8 - Angelo Mai, Italian cardinal and philologist (b. Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Angelo Mai ( March 7, 1782 &ndash September 8, 1854) was an Italian Cardinal and Philologist. 1782)
• November 25 - John Gibson Lockhart, Scottish writer (b. Year 1782 ( MDCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the John Gibson Lockhart ( 14 July 1794 &ndash 25 November 1854) Scottish writer and editor is best known as the author of the definitive 1794)
• December 9 - Almeida Garrett, Portuguese writer (b. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city João Baptista da Silva Leitão de Almeida Garrett 1st Viscount of Almeida Garrett, pron 1799)
• December 15 - Kamehameha III, King of Hawaii (b. Year 1799 ( MDCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Kamehameha III (born Kauikeaouli) ( August 11, 1813 ?&ndash December 15, 1854) was the king of Hawaii from 1824 to 1854 The Kingdom of Hawaii was established during the years 1795 to 1810 with the subjugation of the smaller independent chiefdoms of O{{okina}}ahu, 1814?)

July - December deaths

• September 12 - Jarvis W. Pike, former Mayor of Columbus, Ohio

See also Category: 1854 deaths. Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Jarvis W Pike 1816 - 1854 was the first mayor of Columbus Ohio.