Ötüken - Citizendia

Ötüken is one of the names given to Mother Earth in Tengriism. Tengriism ( Tengerism, Tengrianism, Tengrianizm, Tengricilik) was the major belief of the Mongols and Turkic peoples before According to this ancient belief, the mood of the Yer-sub and Ötüken could be seen in the trees’ condition. Yer-sub (also Yer Su or Yir-sub) are a category of nature spirits in the Turkic-Mongolian belief Tengriism. If the trees are healthy and strong and are bearing a lot of fruit, it is believed that Ötüken is satisfied with humans. A prayer dedicated to Ötüken was once directed to a grand tree.

Later, the word was used to describe the sacred mountain of the ancient Turks. Göktürks ( Turkish: Gök Türkler) were a Turkic people of ancient Central Asia. It was mentioned by Bilge Khan in the Orkhon inscriptions as, "the place from where the tribes can be controlled. The Old Turkic script (also Göktürk script, Orkhon script, Orkhon-Yenisey script; Turkish: Orhun Yazıtları, 鄂爾渾文字 " A force called qut was believed to emanate from this mountain, granting the local potentate the divine right to rule all the Turkic tribes. ^[1]

Although never identified precisely, Ötüken probably stretched "from the Khangai Range of Central Mongolia to the Sayan Mountains of Tuva, at the centre of which is the Orkhon Valley",^[2] which for centuries was regarded as the seat of the imperial power of the steppes. The Khangai mountains ( mongolian mn Хангайн нуруу Khangain nuruu) are a mountain range in central Mongolia, some 400 kilometres west of Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East The Sayan Mountains (Саяны Sayany; Kokmen Mountains during the period of the Göktürks) are a Mountain range in southern Tyva Republic (Респу́блика Тыва́ Respublika Tyva, rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə tɨˈva Тыва Республика Tyva Respublika) or Tuva Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape sprawls along the banks of the Orkhon River in Central Mongolia, some 360 km west from the capital Ulaanbaatar. In physical Geography, a steppe ( German, from степь - "a flat and arid land" степ - /stɛp/ тал - tal дала - /dɑlɑ/ pronounced

References

^ Franke, Herbert. The Cambridge History of China. Cambridge University Press, 1994. ISBN 0521214475. Page 347.
^ Jarich G. Oosten, Henri J. M. Claessen. Ideology and the Formation of Early States . Brill Academic Publishers, 1996. ISBN 9004104704. Pages 124-125.

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