Émigré is a French term that literally refers to a person who has "migrated out," but often carries a connotation of politico-social self-exile. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Exile means to be away from one's home (ie city state or country while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened by prison or death upon return

Historically, the word originally was applied to the French Protestants (Huguenots) who were forced to leave France following the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes. The Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France (or French Calvinists) from the sixteenth to the eighteenth The Edict of Fontainebleau (October 1685 was an Edict issued by Louis XIV of France, also known as the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes of

However, the present political connotations of the term were defined by two later instances, where it referred to:

1. A French refugee, often aristocratic, who fled the French Revolution of 1789 and its aftermath,
2. A White Russian émigré, who fled the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 and its aftermath. Aristocracy is a form of Government, where rule is established through an internal struggle over who has the most status and influence over society and internal relations The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an Year 1789 ( MDCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists ( Большевик Большевист (singular, derived from bolshe, "more" were a faction The October Revolution (Октябрьская революция Oktyabrskaya revolyutsiya) also known as the Soviet Revolution Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year

Whereas emigrants have likely chosen to leave one place and become immigrants in a different clime, not usually expecting to return, émigrés see exile as a temporary expedient forced on them by political circumstances. "Emigrant" redirects here For the Butterflies, see Catopsilia. Immigration refers to the movement of people among countries While the movement of people has existed throughout human history at various levels modern immigration implies long-term Émigré circles often arouse suspicion as breeding-grounds for plots and counter-revolution.

Some of the aristocrats who left France during the revolution settled in bordering countries, which they sought to use as a base for counterrevolution. After the Storming of the Bastille, King Louis XVI of France directed several of the most conservative members of his court to leave the country for fear that they might be assassinated. The Storming of the Bastille in Paris occurred on 14 July 1789. Louis XVI ( 23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793) Louis-Auguste de France, ruled as King of France and Navarre Among this first group of émigrés were the king’s youngest brother, the Comte d'Artois, and Queen Marie Antoinette's best friend, the Duchesse de Polignac. Charles X (9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836 ruled as King of France and Navarre from 20 May 1824 until the French Revolution of 1830, when he abdicated Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna von Habsburg-Lothringen (November 2 1755 &ndash October 16 1793 known to history as Marie Antoinette ( pronounced /maʀi ɑ̃ntwanɛt/ Yolande Martine Gabrielle de Polastron duchesse de Polignac ( 8 September 1749 &ndash 9 December 1793) was a French aristocrat Later, in coordination with the king's failed attempt to escape Paris, the king's other brother, the Comte de Provence, also emigrated. The Flight to Varennes ( June 20 - 21, 1791) was a significant episode in the French Revolution during which King Louis XVI of France Louis XVIII (17 November 1755 – 16 September 1824 Louis Stanislas Xavier de France, was a King of France and Navarre.

Marx and Engels, in setting out the strategy for future revolutions in The Communist Manifesto, included the provision that the property of émigrés should be confiscated and used to finance the revolution — a recommendation followed by the Bolsheviks seventy years later. Friedrich Engels (28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895 was a German social scientist and philosopher, who Manifesto of the Communist Party ( often referred to as The Communist Manifesto, was first published on February 21, 1848, and is The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists ( Большевик Большевист (singular, derived from bolshe, "more" were a faction

The October Revolution brought over 20,000 Russian emigrants to Finland. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. Many of these however moved on to France, Paris being the favorite destination for Russian émigrés. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city

Unlike émigré, the term exile remains politically neutral and includes people from whatever side of the political spectrum who had to leave their homeland, often for political reasons, and who wish to return. Exile means to be away from one's home (ie city state or country while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened by prison or death upon return

See also: White Emigre, exile, refugee, deportee,